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Yamada H, Shimura M, Takahashi H, Nara S, Morishima Y, Go S, Miyashita T, Numabe H, Kawashima H. A familial case of overgrowth syndrome caused by a 9q22.3 microdeletion in a mother and daughter. Eur J Med Genet 2020; 63:103872. [PMID: 32028043 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2020.103872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Microdeletions in the 9q22.3 chromosomal region can cause macrosomia with characteristic features, including prenatal-onset overgrowth, metopic craniosynostosis, hydrocephalus, developmental delay, and intellectual disability, in addition to manifestations of nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS). Haploinsufficiency of PTCH1 may be responsible for accelerated overgrowth, but the mechanism of macrosomia remains to be elucidated. We report a familial case with a 9q22.3 microdeletion, manifesting with prenatal-onset overgrowth in a mother and post-natal overgrowth in her daughter. Although both were clinically diagnosed with NBCCS, they had characteristic features of 9q22.3 microdeletion, especially the daughter. Microarray comparative genomic hybridization analysis revealed a 4.0 Mb deletion of chromosome 9q22.3 in both individuals. Among the 11 reported patients of overgrowth and/or macrosomia, a 550 Kb region encompassing PTCH1, C9orf3, FANCC, and 5 miRNAs is the most commonly deleted region. The let-7 family miRNAs, which are involved in diverse cellular processes including growth and tumor processes, were identified in the deleted regions in 10 of 11 patients. Characteristic features of 9q22.3 microdeletion might be associated with decreased expression of let-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hikari Yamada
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center, 3-20-1 Chuo, Ami-machi, Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki, 300-0395, Japan
| | - Masaru Shimura
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center, 3-20-1 Chuo, Ami-machi, Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki, 300-0395, Japan.
| | - Hidekuni Takahashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center, 3-20-1 Chuo, Ami-machi, Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki, 300-0395, Japan
| | - Shonosuke Nara
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Morishima
- Clinical Genetics Center, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Soken Go
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center, 3-20-1 Chuo, Ami-machi, Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki, 300-0395, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Miyashita
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara-shi, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Hironao Numabe
- Clinical Genetics Center, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Hisashi Kawashima
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
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Kamien B, Ronan A, Poke G, Sinnerbrink I, Baynam G, Ward M, Gibson WT, Dudding-Byth T, Scott RJ. A Clinical Review of Generalized Overgrowth Syndromes in the Era of Massively Parallel Sequencing. Mol Syndromol 2018; 9:70-82. [PMID: 29593474 DOI: 10.1159/000484532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The overgrowth syndromes are important to diagnose, not just for accurate genetic counseling, but also for knowledge surrounding cancer surveillance and prognosis. There has been a recent expansion in the number of genes associated with a mendelian overgrowth phenotype, so this review updates previous classifications of overgrowth syndromes. We also describe a clinical and molecular approach to the investigation of individuals presenting with overgrowth. This review aims to assist the clinical diagnosis of generalized overgrowth syndromes by outlining the salient features of well-known overgrowth syndromes alongside the many syndromes that have been discovered and classified more recently. We provide key clinical "handles" to aid clinical diagnosis and a list of genes to aid with panel design when using next generation sequencing, which we believe is frequently needed due to the overlapping phenotypic features seen between overgrowth syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Kamien
- Hunter Genetics, Perth, WA, Australia.,School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Perth, WA, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Anne Ronan
- Hunter Genetics, Perth, WA, Australia.,School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Gemma Poke
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Capital & Coast District Health Board, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Ingrid Sinnerbrink
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Nepean Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia.,Nepean Clinical School, University of Sydney, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Gareth Baynam
- Genetic Services of Western Australia, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Western Australian Register of Developmental Anomalies, Perth, WA, Australia.,Office of Population Health Genomics, Public Health Division, Department of Health, Government of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,School of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia.,Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Spatial Sciences, Department of Science and Engineering, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Michelle Ward
- Genetic Services of Western Australia, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - William T Gibson
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Tracy Dudding-Byth
- Hunter Genetics, Perth, WA, Australia.,GrowUpWell Priority Research Center, Perth, WA, Australia.,School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Perth, WA, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Rodney J Scott
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Molecular Pathology, Hunter Area Pathology Service, Perth, WA, Australia
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Park YJ, Park SB, Kim SM, Chae YJ, Kim JD, Jung CL. Overgrowth Syndrome with 9q22.3 Microdeletion Detected by Microarray Comparative Genomic Hybridization. NEONATAL MEDICINE 2014. [DOI: 10.5385/nm.2014.21.4.264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Young Jin Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Busan St. Mary's Medical Center, Busan, Korea
| | - Soon Bin Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Busan St. Mary's Medical Center, Busan, Korea
| | - Sung Mi Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Busan St. Mary's Medical Center, Busan, Korea
| | - Yu Jin Chae
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Busan St. Mary's Medical Center, Busan, Korea
| | - Jong Deok Kim
- Department of Radiology, Busan St. Mary's Medical Center, Busan, Korea
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Tatton-Brown K, Weksberg R. Molecular mechanisms of childhood overgrowth. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART C-SEMINARS IN MEDICAL GENETICS 2013; 163C:71-5. [PMID: 23606607 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.c.31362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This issue of the Seminar Series C is dedicated to the molecular mechanisms of childhood overgrowth and celebrates the last decade of unprecedented gene discovery. Constitutional gene disorders, somatic gene disorders and imprinting dysregulation are each considered. The constitutional overgrowth genes discussed include NSD1, EZH2, GPC3, DIS3L2, and PTEN whilst the somatic overgrowth genes include AKT3, PIK3R2, and PIK3CA. Abnormalities of imprinting, exemplified by disruption of the (epi)genetic regulation of the imprinted 11p15 gene cluster, constitutes the final section of this issue. Many of the genes discussed in this issue encode components of the PI3K/mTOR growth regulatory pathway. This signaling cascade consists of dual, parallel branches, anchored by the serine-threonine kinase, mTOR, and has diverse downstream effects including inhibition of apoptosis, activation of protein synthesis, and enhanced cell survival. Activation of the PI3K/mTOR pathway promotes growth whereas inhibition, or abrogation, results in decreased cellular growth. Despite the rapid advances of the last decade, there is still an enormous amount to discover. We hope that some of the work reviewed in this issue will facilitate the next decade's discoveries and we look forward to a 10 years as productive as the last.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina Tatton-Brown
- Institute of Cancer Research, St George's University of London and the Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK.
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Chen CP, Lin YH, Au HK, Su YN, Hsu CY, Liu YP, Wu PC, Chern SR, Chen YT, Chen LF, Hsieh AHM, Wang W. Chromosome 15q overgrowth syndrome: Prenatal diagnosis, molecular cytogenetic characterization, and perinatal findings in a fetus with dup(15)(q26.2q26.3). Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2011; 50:359-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2011.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/30/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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Siggberg L, Peippo M, Sipponen M, Miikkulainen T, Shimojima K, Yamamoto T, Ignatius J, Knuutila S. 9q22 Deletion--first familial case. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2011; 6:45. [PMID: 21693067 PMCID: PMC3135502 DOI: 10.1186/1750-1172-6-45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2010] [Accepted: 06/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Only 29 cases of constitutional 9q22 deletions have been published and all have been sporadic. Most associate with Gorlin syndrome or nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS, MIM #109400) due to haploinsufficiency of the PTCH1 gene (MIM *601309). Methods and Results We report two mentally retarded female siblings and their cognitively normal father, all carrying a similar 5.3 Mb microdeletion at 9q22.2q22.32, detected by array CGH (244 K). The deletion does not involve the PTCH1 gene, but instead 30 other gene,s including the ROR2 gene (MIM *602337) which causing both brachydactyly type 1 (MIM #113000) and Robinow syndrome (MIM #268310), and the immunologically active SYK gene (MIM *600085). The deletion in the father was de novo and FISH analysis of blood lymphocytes did not suggest mosaicism. All three patients share similar mild dysmorphic features with downslanting palpebral fissures, narrow, high bridged nose with small nares, long, deeply grooved philtrum, ears with broad helix and uplifted lobuli, and small toenails. All have significant dysarthria and suffer from continuous middle ear and upper respiratory infections. The father also has a funnel chest and unilateral hypoplastic kidney but the daughters have no malformations. Conclusions This is the first report of a familial constitutional 9q22 deletion and the first deletion studied by array-CGH which does not involve the PTCH1 gene. The phenotype and penetrance are variable and the deletion found in the cognitively normal normal father poses a challenge in genetic counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Siggberg
- Department of Pathology, Haartman Institute and HUSLAB, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 3, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
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