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Goyal C, Goyal V, Naqvi WM. Goyal-Naqvi Syndrome (Concurrent Trisomy 10p and Terminal 14q Deletion): A Review of the Literature. Cureus 2021; 13:e16652. [PMID: 34513343 PMCID: PMC8412206 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.16652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Goyal-Naqvi syndrome (GNS) is a newly documented clinical entity that comprises trisomy 10p and terminal 14q deletion, though trisomy 10p and terminal 14q deletion have been discovered as distinct conditions in 1974 and 1997, respectively. Nevertheless, to date, the total number of reported cases of each of these conditions is estimated to be in double digits. Both manifest as a constellation of features like craniofacial dysmorphism, hypotonia, intellectual impairment and global developmental delay. Characteristic facies include protruded forehead, hypertelorism, epicanthic folds, down slanting palpebral fissures, flat nasal bridge, long philtrum, thin upper lip, carp-shaped mouth, retro-micrognathia and low set ears. Besides, trisomy 10p is strikingly associated with clinodactyly and camptodactyly which aids in clinical diagnosis, apart from other musculoskeletal deformities like hip dysplasia and pes planus. Intersex conditions have been found to commonly co-exist. As other systems also display involvement frequently, trisomy 10p is a discernible multiple congenital anomalies/mental retardation (MCA/MR) syndrome. On the other hand, with terminal 14q deletion, increased risk of certain types of cancer was predicted as specific tumor suppressor genes are lost in the deletion and thus, screening was recommended. Genetic workup using techniques like fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), spectral karyotyping (SKY) and chromosomal microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) was found to be helpful in diagnosis of trisomy 10p and 14q deletion. Prenatal diagnosis of these conditions has been well documented too. Intrauterine growth retardation has been observed to be related to trisomy 10p. There is a paucity of literature on the management of children diagnosed with trisomy 10p or with terminal 14q deletion. Although management of a child diagnosed with concomitant occurrence of trisomy 10p and terminal 14q deletion by a multidisciplinary approach emphasizing physiotherapeutic intervention has shown remarkable improvement in motor skills, the care of children diagnosed with these genetic aberrations needs further investigation. Documentation of more such cases will help to expand phenotypic spectrum for early identification and to delineate natural history for a life span approach. Early identification and intervention facilitate tapping of the maximum neuroplastic potential for better neurodevelopmental outcomes. We present a review of current literature on this novel syndrome to identify gaps in knowledge to build future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanan Goyal
- Physiotherapy, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, IND.,Paediatric Physiotherapy, Government Physiotherapy College, Raipur, IND
| | - Vivek Goyal
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shri Balaji Institute of Medical Science, Raipur, IND
| | - Waqar M Naqvi
- Community Physiotherapy, Mahatma Gandhi Mission School of Physiotherapy, Aurangabad, IND.,Community Physiotherapy, Mahatma Gandhi Mission Institute of Health Sciences, Navi Mumbai, IND
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Goyal C, Goyal V, Naqvi WM. A Rare and Unusual Case of Trisomy 10p with Terminal 14q Deletion: A Multidisciplinary Approach. Cureus 2021; 13:e15459. [PMID: 34258121 PMCID: PMC8256636 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.15459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Trisomy 10p is a rare entity to be diagnosed and so is terminal 14q deletion. The total number of trisomy 10p cases reported to date is estimated to be in double digits. The number of terminal 14q deletion cases that have been reported in the literature is even lesser than that of trisomy 10p. Simultaneous occurrence of these genetic aberrations is, therefore, extremely rare. Herein, we document a case of a 14-month-old female diagnosed with trisomy 10p and terminal 14q deletion, who presented with an inability to sit without support and had difficulty in holding her neck. She had no means of independent indoor mobility, which was further limiting her development by exploration. Clinical features included hypotonia, developmental delay, extraneous movements of the head and tongue, intellectual impairment, and facial dysmorphism. She could maintain tripod sitting for less than a minute. Physiotherapy intervention was based on principles of neurodevelopmental treatment and sensory integration. After nine months of physiotherapy intervention, her total gross motor function measure (GMFM) score improved from 11% to 40%. The functional gains were maintained with a home exercise program, after almost one year of discontinuation of institution-based physiotherapy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the management of a child with the diagnosis of trisomy 10p along with terminal 14q deletion. Further research on the role of early intervention to maximize functional potential in rare genetic conditions is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanan Goyal
- Community Physiotherapy, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, IND
- Paediatric Physiotherapy, Government Physiotherapy College, Raipur, IND
| | - Vivek Goyal
- Anaesthesiology, Shri Balaji Institute of Medical Science, Raipur, IND
| | - Waqar M Naqvi
- Community Physiotherapy, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, IND
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Zhang R, Chen X, Wang D, Chen X, Wang C, Zhang Y, Xu M, Yu J. Prevalence of chromosomal abnormalities identified by copy number variation sequencing in high-risk pregnancies, spontaneous abortions, and suspected genetic disorders. J Int Med Res 2019; 47:1169-1178. [PMID: 30732499 PMCID: PMC6421393 DOI: 10.1177/0300060518818020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective High-throughput sequencing based on copy number variation (CNV-seq) is
commonly used to detect chromosomal abnormalities including aneuploidy. This
study provides evidence for the prevalence of chromosomal abnormalities in
target populations. Methods A total of 160 samples, including 83 high-risk pregnancies, 37 spontaneous
abortions, and 40 suspected genetic disorders, were analyzed by CNV-seq.
Relationships between the incidence of these chromosomal abnormalities and
risk factors (e.g. advanced maternal age, abnormal pregnancy history, and
family history of congenital disease) were further analyzed by subgroup. Results A total of 37 (44.6%) high-risk pregnancies, 25 (67.6%) spontaneous
abortions, and 22 (55%) suspected genetic disorders had chromosomal
abnormalities including aneuploidy and CNVs. There was an increased risk
association between the prevalence of aneuploidy and pathogenic-relevant CNV
in the fetus or abortive tissue and advanced maternal age. Moreover, a
family history of congenital disease was also positively correlated with
fetal chromosomal abnormalities in high-risk pregnancies. Conclusion A relatively high prevalence of chromosomal abnormalities was detected in
high-risk pregnancies, spontaneous abortions, and suspected genetic
disorders, indicating the importance of CNV detection in such
populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- 1 Prenatal Diagnosis Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,2 Scientific Research Centre, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | | | - Dong Wang
- 2 Scientific Research Centre, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xuan Chen
- 4 Department of Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Chao Wang
- 1 Prenatal Diagnosis Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuhong Zhang
- 1 Prenatal Diagnosis Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | | | - Jingcui Yu
- 2 Scientific Research Centre, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Su M, Benke PJ, Bademci G, Cengiz FB, Ouyang X, Peng J, Casas CE, Tekin M, Fan YS. Monosomy chromosome 21 compensated by 21q22.11q22.3 duplication in a case with small size and minor anomalies. Mol Cytogenet 2018; 11:43. [PMID: 30123325 PMCID: PMC6090943 DOI: 10.1186/s13039-018-0390-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Partial monosomy 21 is a rare finding with variable sizes and deletion breakpoints, presenting with a broad spectrum of phenotypes. Case presentation We report a 10-month-old boy with short stature, minor anomalies and mild motor delay. The patient had a monosomy 21 and duplication of the 21q22.11q22.3 region on the remaining derivative chromosome 21 which represents a partial 21q uniparental disomy of paternal origin, upd(21q22.11q22.3)pat. The abnormalities were characterized by karyotyping, FISH, chromosomal microarray, and genotyping. Conclusions This is the first case showing a monosomy 21 compensated by upd(21q22.11q22.3) as a mechanism of genomic rescue. Because there is no strong evidence showing imprinting on chromosome 21, the uniparental disomy itself is not associated with abnormal phenotype but has reduced phenotype severity of monosomy 21. We reviewed the previously published cases with isolated 21q deletions and identified a common deletion of 5.7 Mb associated with low birth weight, length and head circumference in the 21q21.2 region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Su
- 1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1601 NW 12th Avenue, Miami, FL 33136 USA
| | - Paul J Benke
- 2Department of Genetics, Joe DiMaggio Children's Hospital and the Charles E Schmidt College of Medicine, 1150 N 35th Avenue, Hollywood, FL 33021 USA
| | - Guney Bademci
- 3John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1501 NW 10th Avenue, Miami, FL 33136 USA
| | - Filiz Basak Cengiz
- 3John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1501 NW 10th Avenue, Miami, FL 33136 USA
| | - Xiaomei Ouyang
- 1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1601 NW 12th Avenue, Miami, FL 33136 USA
| | - Jinghong Peng
- 1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1601 NW 12th Avenue, Miami, FL 33136 USA
| | - Carmen E Casas
- 1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1601 NW 12th Avenue, Miami, FL 33136 USA
| | - Mustafa Tekin
- 3John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1501 NW 10th Avenue, Miami, FL 33136 USA
| | - Yao-Shan Fan
- 1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1601 NW 12th Avenue, Miami, FL 33136 USA
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Jespersgaard C, Damgaard IN, Cornelius N, Bache I, Knabe N, Miranda MJ, Tümer Z. Proximal 21q deletion as a result of a de novo unbalanced t(12;21) translocation in a patient with dysmorphic features, hepatomegaly, thick myocardium and delayed psychomotor development. Mol Cytogenet 2016; 9:11. [PMID: 26855673 PMCID: PMC4743331 DOI: 10.1186/s13039-016-0220-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background IInterstitial 21q deletions can cause a wide spectrum of symptoms depending on the size and the location of the deletion. It has previously been suggested that the long arm of chromosome 21 can be divided into three regions based on the clinical severity of the patients and deletion of the region from 32.3 Mb to 37.1 Mb was more crucial than the deletion of other regions. Case Presentation In this study we describe a female patient with dysmorphic features, hepatomegaly, thick myocardium and psychomotor delay. Conventional karyotyping was initially interpreted as full monosomy 21, but subsequent chromosome microarray analysis suggested an approximately 18 Mb partial monosomy. Re-evaluation of the karyotype and fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed deletion of the proximal 21q11.2-q22.11 segment and insertion of 21q22.11-qter to 12qter. The deletion of the present case overlaps with two of the proposed regions including part of the proposed crucial region. Conclusions This report emphasizes the relevance of investigating suspected full monosomies with high resolution methods and FISH in order to investigate the extent of the deletion and the presence of more complex rearrangements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathrine Jespersgaard
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Applied Human Molecular Genetics, Kennedy Center, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Ida N Damgaard
- Department of Paediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Nanna Cornelius
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Applied Human Molecular Genetics, Kennedy Center, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Iben Bache
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Applied Human Molecular Genetics, Kennedy Center, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark ; Wilhelm Johannsen Centre for Functional Genome Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels Knabe
- Department of Paediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Maria J Miranda
- Department of Paediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Zeynep Tümer
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Applied Human Molecular Genetics, Kennedy Center, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark
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