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Simerly CR, Takahashi D, Jacoby E, Castro C, Hartnett C, Hewitson L, Navara C, Schatten G. Fertilization and Cleavage Axes Differ In Primates Conceived By Conventional (IVF) Versus Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI). Sci Rep 2019; 9:15282. [PMID: 31653971 PMCID: PMC6814755 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51815-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
With nearly ten million babies conceived globally, using assisted reproductive technologies, fundamental questions remain; e.g., How do the sperm and egg DNA unite? Does ICSI have consequences that IVF does not? Here, pronuclear and mitotic events in nonhuman primate zygotes leading to the establishment of polarity are investigated by multidimensional time-lapse video microscopy and immunocytochemistry. Multiplane videos after ICSI show atypical sperm head displacement beneath the oocyte cortex and eccentric para-tangential pronuclear alignment compared to IVF zygotes. Neither fertilization procedure generates incorporation cones. At first interphase, apposed pronuclei align obliquely to the animal-vegetal axis after ICSI, with asymmetric furrows assembling from the male pronucleus. Furrows form within 30° of the animal pole, but typically, not through the ICSI injection site. Membrane flow drives polar bodies and the ICSI site into the furrow. Mitotic spindle imaging suggests para-tangential pronuclear orientation, which initiates random spindle axes and minimal spindle:cortex interactions. Parthenogenetic pronuclei drift centripetally and assemble astral spindles lacking cortical interactions, leading to random furrows through the animal pole. Conversely, androgenotes display cortex-only pronuclear interactions mimicking ICSI. First cleavage axis determination in primates involves dynamic cortex-microtubule interactions among male pronuclei, centrosomal microtubules, and the animal pole, but not the ICSI site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calvin R Simerly
- Pittsburgh Development Center, Division of Developmental & Regenerative Medicine, and Obstetrics-Gynecology-Reproductive Sciences, Cell Biology, and Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 204 Craft Avenue Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, USA
| | - Diana Takahashi
- Division of Cardiometabolic Health, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, 97006, USA
| | - Ethan Jacoby
- CCRM Houston Main Center Memorial City, 929 Gessner Rd, Suite 2300, Houston, Texas, 77024, USA
| | - Carlos Castro
- Pittsburgh Development Center, Division of Developmental & Regenerative Medicine, and Obstetrics-Gynecology-Reproductive Sciences, Cell Biology, and Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 204 Craft Avenue Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, USA
| | - Carrie Hartnett
- Pittsburgh Development Center, Division of Developmental & Regenerative Medicine, and Obstetrics-Gynecology-Reproductive Sciences, Cell Biology, and Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 204 Craft Avenue Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, USA
| | - Laura Hewitson
- The Johnson Center for Child Health and Development, Austin, Texas, 78701, USA
| | - Christopher Navara
- Department of Biology, South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Disease, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78249, USA
| | - Gerald Schatten
- Pittsburgh Development Center, Division of Developmental & Regenerative Medicine, and Obstetrics-Gynecology-Reproductive Sciences, Cell Biology, and Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 204 Craft Avenue Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, USA.
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