1
|
Lai B, Jiang H, Gao Y, Zhou X. Skeletal ciliopathy: pathogenesis and related signaling pathways. Mol Cell Biochem 2024; 479:811-823. [PMID: 37188988 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04765-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Cilia are tiny organelles with conserved structures and components in eukaryotic cells. Ciliopathy is a set of diseases resulting from cilium dysfunction classified into first-order and second-order ciliopathy. With the advancement of clinical diagnosis and radiography, numerous skeletal phenotypes, including polydactyly, short limbs, short ribs, scoliosis, a narrow thorax, and numerous anomalies in bone and cartilage, have been discovered in ciliopathies. Mutation in genes encoding cilia core components or other cilia-related molecules have been found in skeletal ciliopathies. Meanwhile, various signaling pathways associated with cilia and skeleton development have been deemed to be significant for the occurrence and progression of diseases. Herein, we review the structure and key components of the cilium and summarize several skeletal ciliopathies with their presumable pathology. We also emphasize the signaling pathways involved in skeletal ciliopathies, which may assist in developing potential therapies for these diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Lai
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Fengyang Road 415, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Heng Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Fengyang Road 415, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Fengyang Road 415, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Xuhui Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Fengyang Road 415, Shanghai, 200003, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yazdizadeh M, Sharifi M, Torabi Parizi A, Alipour F, Ghasempuor M, Zanguei E, Yazdizadeh M. Dental management of a pediatric patient with progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis having dental anomalies: a case report and brief review of the literature. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:10. [PMID: 36624442 PMCID: PMC9827620 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02593-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis is a heterogeneous group of disorders, leading to intrahepatic cholestasis, with the possibility of chronic liver failure and biliary cirrhosis. Oligodontia is either the manifestation of a specific syndrome or is non-syndromic. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of type 3 progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis and concurrent oligodontia, craniosynostosis, dens in dente, taurodontism, and delayed permanent dentition in the medical and dental literature. CASE PRESENTATION We present the dental and medical histories and comprehensive dental management of a girl with type 3 progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis and several dental anomalies, who was referred to a dental clinic due to severe dental caries and pain. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that PFIC with manifestations as oligodontia, craniosynostosis, dens in dente, taurodontism, and delayed permanent dentition, might indicate an unknown syndrome; otherwise, the craniofacial anomalies are the manifestations of an independent disease coinciding with PFIC. Moreover, our case is a good example of the importance of timely medical and dental care in confining further health-related complications. The patient was able to ingest without any pain or discomfort after receiving proper dental management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mina Yazdizadeh
- grid.411495.c0000 0004 0421 4102Oral Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Maryam Sharifi
- grid.412105.30000 0001 2092 9755Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Arefeh Torabi Parizi
- grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Firoozeh Alipour
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Ghasempuor
- grid.411495.c0000 0004 0421 4102Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Elham Zanguei
- grid.411600.2Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Yazdizadeh
- grid.411746.10000 0004 4911 7066Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Al Noaim K, Alfadhel M, Carré A, Polak M, Al Mutair A. Resolved Severe Primary Hypothyroidism in Sensenbrenner Syndrome Post Hepatorenal Transplantation: A Case Report. Horm Res Paediatr 2022; 96:426-431. [PMID: 36513041 DOI: 10.1159/000528660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sensenbrenner syndrome, or cranioectodermal dysplasia (OMIM #218330), is a rare genetic condition inherited as an autosomal recessive with less than 70 reported cases worldwide. It results in multiorgan abnormalities along with ectodermal structural defects. No previous reported cases demonstrated primary hypothyroidism in a matter of Sensenbrenner syndrome. CASE PRESENTATION Herein, we report a 6-year-old girl who suffered from progressive liver failure and end-stage renal disease secondary to Sensenbrenner syndrome, which was associated with severe primary hypothyroidism that completely recovered after a combined renal and liver transplant. CONCLUSION For the first time in the literature, we report an association of Sensenbrenner syndrome with hypothyroidism that resolved after a combined renal and liver transplant. Such findings expand the clinical spectrum of this syndrome. However, a larger cohort is needed to confirm or exclude such an association. Our case highlights the importance of thyroid function monitoring in any patient with renal and liver failure prior to and after a hepatorenal transplant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Al Noaim
- Pediatric Endocrine Division, Department of Pediatrics, King Abdullah Specialized Children's Hospital, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNGHA), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majid Alfadhel
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNGHA), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Genetics and Precision Medicine Department, King Abdullah Specialized Children's Hospital, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNGHA), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Medical Genomics Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre (KAIMRC), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNGHA), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aurore Carré
- IMAGINE Institute affiliâtes, Paris, France
- INSERM U1016, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Michel Polak
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Gynecology, and Diabetology Department, Necker University Children's Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- IMAGINE Institute affiliâtes, Paris, France
- INSERM U1016, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Angham Al Mutair
- Pediatric Endocrine Division, Department of Pediatrics, King Abdullah Specialized Children's Hospital, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNGHA), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNGHA), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre (KAIMRC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhao X, Sui A, Cui L, Liu Z, Zhang R, Han Y, Shao L. A novel
WDR60
variant contributes to a late diagnosis of Jeune asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy in a Chinese patient: A case report. Clin Case Rep 2022; 10:e6561. [PMID: 36381051 PMCID: PMC9653168 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.6561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a Chinese patient with JATD presenting a mild skeletal phenotype and with renal insufficiency as the initial symptom of the disease. A novel homozygous c.2789C>T (p.S930L) variant in the WDR60 gene was identified. Our report will help to improve awareness and diagnosability for this disease. A late diagnosis of Jeune asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy in a Chinese patient. The patient presented mild skeletal phenotype, and with renal insufficiency as the initial symptom of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangzhong Zhao
- Medical Research Center The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Aihua Sui
- Medical Research Center The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Li Cui
- Department of Nephrology The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiying Liu
- Medical Research Center The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao China
- Department of Nephrology The Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Ruixiao Zhang
- Department of Nephrology The Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Yue Han
- Department of Nephrology The Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Leping Shao
- Department of Nephrology The Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Walczak-Sztulpa J, Wawrocka A, Sikora W, Pawlak M, Bukowska-Olech E, Kopaczewski B, Urzykowska A, Arts HH, Gotz-Więckowska A, Grenda R, Latos-Bieleńska A, Glazar R. WDR35 variants in a cranioectodermal dysplasia patient with early onset end-stage renal disease and retinal dystrophy. Am J Med Genet A 2022; 188:3071-3077. [PMID: 35875935 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Cranioectodermal dysplasia (CED) is rare heterogeneous condition. It belongs to a group of disorders defined as ciliopathies and is associated with defective cilia function and structure. To date six genes have been associated with CED. Here we describe a 4-year-old male CED patient whose features include dolichocephaly, multi-suture craniosynostosis, epicanthus, frontal bossing, narrow thorax, limb shortening, and brachydactyly. The patient presented early-onset chronic kidney disease and was transplanted at the age of 2 years and 5 months. At the age of 3.5 years a retinal degeneration was diagnosed. Targeted sequencing by NGS revealed the presence of compound heterozygous variants in the WDR35 gene. The variants are a novel missense change in exon 9 p.(Gly303Arg) and a previously described nonsense variant in exon 18 p.(Leu641*). Our findings suggest that patients with WDR35 defects may be at risk to develop early-onset retinal degeneration. Therefore, CED patients with pathogenic variation in this gene should be assessed at least once by the ophthalmologist before the age of 4 years to detect early signs of retinal degeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Wawrocka
- Department of Medical Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Weronika Sikora
- Students' Scientific Society of Medical Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Marta Pawlak
- Department of Ophthalmology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Bartłomiej Kopaczewski
- Department of Neurosurgery, Karol Jonscher Clinical Hospital, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Urzykowska
- Department of Nephrology, Kidney Transplantation and Hypertension, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Heleen H Arts
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.,IWK Health Centre, Clinical Genomics Laboratory, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Anna Gotz-Więckowska
- Department of Ophthalmology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Ryszard Grenda
- Department of Nephrology, Kidney Transplantation and Hypertension, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Latos-Bieleńska
- Department of Medical Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Renata Glazar
- Centers for Medical Genetics GENESIS, Poznan, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Scully DM, Larina IV. Mouse embryo phenotyping with optical coherence tomography. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1000237. [PMID: 36158219 PMCID: PMC9500480 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1000237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
With the explosion of gene editing tools in recent years, there has been a much greater demand for mouse embryo phenotyping, and traditional methods such as histology and histochemistry experienced a methodological renaissance as they became the principal tools for phenotyping. However, it is important to explore alternative phenotyping options to maximize time and resources and implement volumetric structural analysis for enhanced investigation of phenotypes. Cardiovascular phenotyping, in particular, is important to perform in vivo due to the dramatic structural and functional changes that occur in heart development over relatively short periods of time. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is one of the most exciting advanced imaging techniques emerging within the field of developmental biology, and this review provides a summary of how it is currently being implemented in mouse embryo investigations and phenotyping. This review aims to provide an understanding of the approaches used in optical coherence tomography and how they can be applied in embryology and developmental biology, with the overall aim of bridging the gap between biology and technology.
Collapse
|
7
|
Qiu H, Tsurumi Y, Katoh Y, Nakayama K. Combinations of deletion and missense variations of the dynein-2 DYNC2LI1 subunit found in skeletal ciliopathies cause ciliary defects. Sci Rep 2022; 12:31. [PMID: 34997029 PMCID: PMC8742128 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03950-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cilia play crucial roles in sensing and transducing extracellular signals. Bidirectional protein trafficking within cilia is mediated by the intraflagellar transport (IFT) machinery containing IFT-A and IFT-B complexes, with the aid of kinesin-2 and dynein-2 motors. The dynein-2 complex drives retrograde trafficking of the IFT machinery after its transportation to the ciliary tip as an IFT cargo. Mutations in genes encoding the dynein-2-specific subunits (DYNC2H1, WDR60, WDR34, DYNC2LI1, and TCTEX1D2) are known to cause skeletal ciliopathies. We here demonstrate that several pathogenic variants of DYNC2LI1 are compromised regarding their ability to interact with DYNC2H1 and WDR60. When expressed in DYNC2LI1-knockout cells, deletion variants of DYNC2LI1 were unable to rescue the ciliary defects of these cells, whereas missense variants, as well as wild-type DYNC2LI1, restored the normal phenotype. DYNC2LI1-knockout cells coexpressing one pathogenic deletion variant together with wild-type DYNC2LI1 demonstrated a normal phenotype. In striking contrast, DYNC2LI1-knockout cells coexpressing the deletion variant in combination with a missense variant, which mimics the situation of cells of compound heterozygous ciliopathy individuals, demonstrated ciliary defects. Thus, DYNC2LI1 deletion variants found in individuals with skeletal ciliopathies cause ciliary defects when combined with a missense variant, which expressed on its own does not cause substantial defects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hantian Qiu
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yuta Tsurumi
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.,General Research Institute, Hoyu Co., Ltd., Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1136, Japan
| | - Yohei Katoh
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Nakayama
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ryżko J, Walczak-Sztulpa J, Czubkowski P, Latos-Bieleńska A, Kowalski A, Stefanowicz M, Jarmużek W, Grenda R, Pawłowska J. Case Report: Sequential Liver After Kidney Transplantation in a Patient With Sensenbrenner Syndrome (Cranioectodermal Dysplasia). Front Pediatr 2022; 10:834064. [PMID: 35281231 PMCID: PMC8914039 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.834064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensenbrenner syndrome, also known as cranioectodermal dysplasia (CED), is a rare ciliopathy clinically characterized by congenital craniofacial, skeletal, and ectodermal defects. Chronic kidney and liver insufficiency are also present in this disorder. Cranioectodermal dysplasia is an autosomal recessive and heterogeneous genetic disease. Six genes (IFT122, WDR35, IFT140, IFT43, IFT52, and WDR19) are known to be associated with this syndrome. Until 2021 more than 70 patients have been reported with CED, however, an orthotopic liver transplantation has been reported only in one case. Here, we present a case report of sequential liver-after-kidney transplantation in a male patient affected by CED. The kidney and liver transplantation was performed at the age of 7 and 12 years, respectively. Patients with Sensenbrenner syndrome require a multidisciplinary medical management and should regularly be followed-up by hepatologists and nephrologists, as the liver and kidney diseases are the major cause of morbidity and mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Ryżko
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nutritional Disorders and Pediatrics, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Piotr Czubkowski
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nutritional Disorders and Pediatrics, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Latos-Bieleńska
- Department of Medical Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Adam Kowalski
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Organ Transplantation, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Stefanowicz
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Organ Transplantation, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wioletta Jarmużek
- Department of Nephrology, Kidney Transplantation and Hypertension, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ryszard Grenda
- Department of Nephrology, Kidney Transplantation and Hypertension, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Pawłowska
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nutritional Disorders and Pediatrics, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Focșa IO, Budișteanu M, Bălgrădean M. Clinical and genetic heterogeneity of primary ciliopathies (Review). Int J Mol Med 2021; 48:176. [PMID: 34278440 PMCID: PMC8354309 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.5009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Ciliopathies comprise a group of complex disorders, with involvement of the majority of organs and systems. In total, >180 causal genes have been identified and, in addition to Mendelian inheritance, oligogenicity, genetic modifications, epistatic interactions and retrotransposon insertions have all been described when defining the ciliopathic phenotype. It is remarkable how the structural and functional impairment of a single, minuscule organelle may lead to the pathogenesis of highly pleiotropic diseases. Thus, combined efforts have been made to identify the genetic substratum and to determine the pathophysiological mechanism underlying the clinical presentation, in order to diagnose and classify ciliopathies. Yet, predicting the phenotype, given the intricacy of the genetic cause and overlapping clinical characteristics, represents a major challenge. In the future, advances in proteomics, cell biology and model organisms may provide new insights that could remodel the field of ciliopathies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ina Ofelia Focșa
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy 'Carol Davila', 021901 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Magdalena Budișteanu
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, 'Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia' Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry, 041914 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Bălgrădean
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Nephrology, Emergency Clinical Hospital for Children 'Maria Skłodowska Curie', 077120 Bucharest, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sensenbrenner syndrome: a further challenge in evaluating sagittal synostosis and a need for a multidisciplinary approach. Childs Nerv Syst 2021; 37:1695-1701. [PMID: 33606107 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-021-05075-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sensenbrenner syndrome, also known as cranioectodermal dysplasia (CED), is a genetically heterogeneous ciliopathy, characterized by dysmorphic features including dolichocephaly (with inconstant sagittal craniosynostosis), chronic kidney disease (CKD), hepatic fibrosis, retinitis pigmentosa, and brain abnormalities, with a partial clinical overlap with other ciliopathies. PATIENTS AND METHODS A retrospective review of four children with Sensenbrenner syndrome treated at the Femme Mère Enfant University Hospital of Lyon from 2005 to 2020 was conducted. RESULTS Variants in WDR35 or WDR19 were found in all children. Two of them underwent surgery for a scaphocephaly in the first months of life. All patients developed CKD leading to end-stage renal disease during the first/second decades. DISCUSSION The diagnosis of scaphocephaly may precede the diagnosis of the underlying Sensenbrenner syndrome, thus highlighting the importance of a systematic multidisciplinary assessment and follow-up for craniosynostoses, in order to identify syndromic forms requiring specific management. In Sensenbrenner syndrome, patients' management should be coordinated by multidisciplinary teams of reference centers for rare diseases, with expertise in the management of craniofacial malformations as well as rare skeletal and renal disorders. Indeed, a prompt etiological diagnosis will result in an early diagnosis of multisystemic complications, notably renal involvement, thus improving global prognosis.
Collapse
|
11
|
Hammarsjö A, Pettersson M, Chitayat D, Handa A, Anderlid BM, Bartocci M, Basel D, Batkovskyte D, Beleza-Meireles A, Conner P, Eisfeldt J, Girisha KM, Chung BHY, Horemuzova E, Hyodo H, Korņejeva L, Lagerstedt-Robinson K, Lin AE, Magnusson M, Moosa S, Nayak SS, Nilsson D, Ohashi H, Ohashi-Fukuda N, Stranneheim H, Taylan F, Traberg R, Voss U, Wirta V, Nordgren A, Nishimura G, Lindstrand A, Grigelioniene G. High diagnostic yield in skeletal ciliopathies using massively parallel genome sequencing, structural variant screening and RNA analyses. J Hum Genet 2021; 66:995-1008. [PMID: 33875766 PMCID: PMC8472897 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-021-00925-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal ciliopathies are a heterogenous group of disorders with overlapping clinical and radiographic features including bone dysplasia and internal abnormalities. To date, pathogenic variants in at least 30 genes, coding for different structural cilia proteins, are reported to cause skeletal ciliopathies. Here, we summarize genetic and phenotypic features of 34 affected individuals from 29 families with skeletal ciliopathies. Molecular diagnostic testing was performed using massively parallel sequencing (MPS) in combination with copy number variant (CNV) analyses and in silico filtering for variants in known skeletal ciliopathy genes. We identified biallelic disease-causing variants in seven genes: DYNC2H1, KIAA0753, WDR19, C2CD3, TTC21B, EVC, and EVC2. Four variants located in non-canonical splice sites of DYNC2H1, EVC, and KIAA0753 led to aberrant splicing that was shown by sequencing of cDNA. Furthermore, CNV analyses showed an intragenic deletion of DYNC2H1 in one individual and a 6.7 Mb de novo deletion on chromosome 1q24q25 in another. In five unsolved cases, MPS was performed in family setting. In one proband we identified a de novo variant in PRKACA and in another we found a homozygous intragenic deletion of IFT74, removing the first coding exon and leading to expression of a shorter message predicted to result in loss of 40 amino acids at the N-terminus. These findings establish IFT74 as a new skeletal ciliopathy gene. In conclusion, combined single nucleotide variant, CNV and cDNA analyses lead to a high yield of genetic diagnoses (90%) in a cohort of patients with skeletal ciliopathies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Hammarsjö
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, and Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Laboratory, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Maria Pettersson
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, and Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Laboratory, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - David Chitayat
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, and Mt. Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,The Prenatal Diagnosis and Medical Genetics Program, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Atsuhiko Handa
- Department of Radiology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Britt-Marie Anderlid
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, and Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Laboratory, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marco Bartocci
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Neonatology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Donald Basel
- Division of Medical Genetics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Dominyka Batkovskyte
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ana Beleza-Meireles
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Peter Conner
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet and Center for Fetal Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jesper Eisfeldt
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, and Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Laboratory, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Katta M Girisha
- Department of Medical Genetics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Brian Hon-Yin Chung
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong and Shenzhen Hospital, Futian District, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Eva Horemuzova
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet and Paediatric Endocrinology Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hironobu Hyodo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokyo Metropolitan Bokutoh Hospital, Kotobashi, Sumida-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Liene Korņejeva
- Department of Prenatal Diagnostics, Riga Maternity Hospital, Riga, Latvia
| | - Kristina Lagerstedt-Robinson
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, and Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Laboratory, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Angela E Lin
- Medical Genetics, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Måns Magnusson
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, and Centre for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Karolinska University Laboratory, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Science for Life Laboratory, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shahida Moosa
- Medical Genetics, Tygerberg Hospital and Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Shalini S Nayak
- Department of Medical Genetics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Daniel Nilsson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, and Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Laboratory, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hirofumi Ohashi
- Division of Medical Genetics, Saitama Children's Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Naoko Ohashi-Fukuda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokyo Metropolitan Bokutoh Hospital, Kotobashi, Sumida-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Henrik Stranneheim
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, and Centre for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Karolinska University Laboratory, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell biology, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fulya Taylan
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, and Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Laboratory, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rasa Traberg
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Ulrika Voss
- Department of Pediatric Radiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Valtteri Wirta
- Science for Life Laboratory, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell biology, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ann Nordgren
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, and Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Laboratory, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gen Nishimura
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Pediatric Imaging, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Anna Lindstrand
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, and Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Laboratory, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Giedre Grigelioniene
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, and Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Laboratory, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Strong A, Li D, Mentch F, Bedoukian E, Hartung EA, Meyers K, Skraban C, Wen J, Medne L, Glessner J, Watson D, Krantz I, Hakonarson H. Ciliopathies: Coloring outside of the lines. Am J Med Genet A 2021; 185:687-694. [PMID: 33369054 PMCID: PMC7898607 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Ciliopathy syndromes are a diverse spectrum of disease characterized by a combination of cystic kidney disease, hepatobiliary disease, retinopathy, skeletal dysplasia, developmental delay, and brain malformations. Though generally divided into distinct disease categories based on the pattern of system involvement, ciliopathy syndromes are known to display certain phenotypic overlap. We performed next-generation sequencing panel testing, clinical exome sequencing, and research-based exome sequencing reanalysis on patients with suspected ciliopathy syndromes with additional features. We identified biallelic pathogenic variants in BBS1 in a child with features of cranioectodermal dysplasia, and biallelic variants in BBS12 in a child with the clinical stigmata of Bardet-Biedl syndrome, but also with anal atresia. We additionally identified biallelic pathogenic variants in WDR35 and DYNC2H1 in children with predominant liver disease and ductal plate malformation without skeletal dysplasia. Our study highlights the phenotypic and genetic diversity of ciliopathy syndromes, the importance of considering ciliopathy syndromes as a disease-spectrum and screening for all associated complications in all patients, and describes exclusive extra-skeletal manifestations in two classical skeletal dysplasia syndromes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alanna Strong
- Division of Human GeneticsChildren's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA,The Center for Applied GenomicsChildren's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Dong Li
- The Center for Applied GenomicsChildren's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Frank Mentch
- The Center for Applied GenomicsChildren's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Emma Bedoukian
- Roberts Individualized Medical Genetics CenterChildren's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Erum A. Hartung
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA,Division of NephrologyChildren's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Kevin Meyers
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA,Division of NephrologyChildren's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Cara Skraban
- Division of Human GeneticsChildren's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Jessica Wen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and NutritionChildren's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA,Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and NutritionUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Livija Medne
- Division of Human GeneticsChildren's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA,Roberts Individualized Medical Genetics CenterChildren's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Joseph Glessner
- The Center for Applied GenomicsChildren's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Deborah Watson
- The Center for Applied GenomicsChildren's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Ian Krantz
- Roberts Individualized Medical Genetics CenterChildren's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- Division of Human GeneticsChildren's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA,The Center for Applied GenomicsChildren's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA,Division of Pulmonary MedicineChildren's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yang Q, Zhang Q, Chen F, Yi S, Li M, Yi S, Xu X, Luo J. A novel combination of biallelic IFT122 variants associated with cranioectodermal dysplasia: A case report. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:311. [PMID: 33717254 PMCID: PMC7885081 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cranioectodermal dysplasia (CED) or Sensenbrenner syndrome is a very rare autosomal-recessive disease that is characterized by craniofacial, skeletal and ectodermal abnormalities. The proteins encoded by six CED-associated genes are members of the intraflagelline transport (IFT) system, which serves an essential role in the assembly, maintenance and function of primary cilia. The current study identified compound novel heterozygous IFT122 (NM_052985.3) variants in a male Chinese infant with CED. The latter variant changes the length of the protein and may result in the partial loss-of-function of IFT122. With the simultaneous presence of frameshift and stop-loss variants, the patient manifested typical CED with fine and sparse hair, macrocephaly, dysmorphic facial features and upper limb phocomelia. A number of unusual phenotypic characteristics were additionally observed and included postaxial polydactyly of both hands and feet. The molecular confirmation of CED in this patient expands the CED-associated variant spectrum of IFT122 in CED, while the manifestation of CED in this patient provides additional clinical information regarding this syndrome. Moreover, the two variants identified in the proband provide a novel perspective into the phenotypes caused by different combinations of variants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Yang
- Department of Genetic and Metabolic Central Laboratory, Guangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530023, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Genetic and Metabolic Central Laboratory, Guangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530023, P.R. China
| | - Fei Chen
- Department of Genetic and Metabolic Central Laboratory, Guangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530023, P.R. China
| | - Shang Yi
- Department of Genetic and Metabolic Central Laboratory, Guangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530023, P.R. China
| | - Mengting Li
- Department of Genetic and Metabolic Central Laboratory, Guangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530023, P.R. China
| | - Sheng Yi
- Department of Genetic and Metabolic Central Laboratory, Guangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530023, P.R. China
| | - Xingmin Xu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510800, P.R. China
| | - Jingsi Luo
- Department of Genetic and Metabolic Central Laboratory, Guangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530023, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ishida Y, Kobayashi T, Chiba S, Katoh Y, Nakayama K. Molecular basis of ciliary defects caused by compound heterozygous IFT144/WDR19 mutations found in cranioectodermal dysplasia. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 30:213-225. [PMID: 33517396 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary cilia contain specific proteins to achieve their functions as cellular antennae. Ciliary protein trafficking is mediated by the intraflagellar transport (IFT) machinery containing the IFT-A and IFT-B complexes. Mutations in genes encoding the IFT-A subunits (IFT43, IFT121/WDR35, IFT122, IFT139/TTC21B, IFT140 and IFT144/WDR19) often result in skeletal ciliopathies, including cranioectodermal dysplasia (CED). We here characterized the molecular and cellular defects of CED caused by compound heterozygous mutations in IFT144 [the missense variant IFT144(L710S) and the nonsense variant IFT144(R1103*)]. These two variants were distinct with regard to their interactions with other IFT-A subunits and with the IFT-B complex. When exogenously expressed in IFT144-knockout (KO) cells, IFT144(L710S) as well as IFT144(WT) rescued both moderately compromised ciliogenesis and the abnormal localization of ciliary proteins. As the homozygous IFT144(L710S) mutation was found to cause autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa, IFT144(L710S) is likely to be hypomorphic at the cellular level. In striking contrast, the exogenous expression of IFT144(R1103*) in IFT144-KO cells exacerbated the ciliogenesis defects. The expression of IFT144(R1103*) together with IFT144(WT) restored the abnormal phenotypes of IFT144-KO cells. However, the coexpression of IFT144(R1103*) with the hypomorphic IFT144(L710S) variant in IFT144-KO cells, which mimics the genotype of compound heterozygous CED patients, resulted in severe ciliogenesis defects. Taken together, these observations demonstrate that compound heterozygous mutations in IFT144 cause severe ciliary defects via a complicated mechanism, where one allele can cause severe ciliary defects when combined with a hypomorphic allele.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yamato Ishida
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Takuya Kobayashi
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Shuhei Chiba
- Department of Genetic Disease Research, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Yohei Katoh
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Nakayama
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Walczak-Sztulpa J, Wawrocka A, Stańczyk M, Pesz K, Dudarewicz L, Chrul S, Bukowska-Olech E, Wieczorek-Cichecka N, Arts HH, Oud MM, Śmigiel R, Grenda R, Obersztyn E, Chrzanowska KH, Latos-Bieleńska A. Interfamilial clinical variability in four Polish families with cranioectodermal dysplasia and identical compound heterozygous variants in WDR35. Am J Med Genet A 2021; 185:1195-1203. [PMID: 33421337 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cranioectodermal dysplasia (CED) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder primarily characterized by craniofacial, skeletal, and ectodermal abnormalities. CED is a chondrodysplasia, which is part of a spectrum of clinically and genetically heterogeneous diseases that result from disruptions in cilia. Pathogenic variants in genes encoding components of the ciliary transport machinery are known to cause CED. Intra- and interfamilial clinical variability has been reported in a few CED studies and the findings of this study align with these observations. Here, we report on five CED patients from four Polish families with identical compound heterozygous variants [c.1922T>G p.(Leu641Ter) and c.2522A>T; p.(Asp841Val)] in WDR35. The frequent occurrence of both identified changes in Polish CED families suggests that these variants may be founder mutations. Clinical evaluation of the CED patients revealed interfamilial clinical variability among the patients. This includes differences in skeletal and ectodermal features as well as variability in development, progression, and severity of renal and liver insufficiency. This is the first report showing significant interfamilial clinical variability in a series of CED patients from unrelated families with identical compound heterozygous variants in WDR35. Our findings strongly indicate that other genetic and non-genetic factors may modulate the progression and expression of the patients' phenotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Wawrocka
- Department of Medical Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Stańczyk
- Department of Pediatrics, Immunology and Nephrology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz, Poland
| | - Karolina Pesz
- Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Lech Dudarewicz
- Department of Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz, Poland
| | - Sławomir Chrul
- Department of Pediatrics, Immunology and Nephrology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz, Poland
| | | | | | - Heleen H Arts
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.,IWK Health Centre, Clinical Genomics Laboratory, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Machteld M Oud
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Robert Śmigiel
- Division of Pediatrics and Rare Disorders, Department of Pediatrics, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Ryszard Grenda
- Department of Nephrology, Kidney Transplantation and Hypertension, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Obersztyn
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krystyna H Chrzanowska
- Department of Medical Genetics, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Latos-Bieleńska
- Department of Medical Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Syndromic and Systemic Diagnoses Associated With Isolated Sagittal Synostosis. PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2020; 7:e2540. [PMID: 32537296 PMCID: PMC7288895 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000002540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Reports of systemic associations in patients with Isolated Sagittal Synostosis (ISS) are sparse. Craniofacial surgeons, and other providers, should be aware that a significant proportion of patients with ISS may have syndromic or systemic involvement. This study investigates the incidence of systemic disease and syndromic diagnosis in a cohort of patients presenting with ISS (ie, patients with sagittal synostosis without other sutural involvement).
Collapse
|
17
|
Walczak-Sztulpa J, Posmyk R, Bukowska-Olech EM, Wawrocka A, Jamsheer A, Oud MM, Schmidts M, Arts HH, Latos-Bielenska A, Wasilewska A. Compound heterozygous IFT140 variants in two Polish families with Sensenbrenner syndrome and early onset end-stage renal disease. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2020; 15:36. [PMID: 32007091 PMCID: PMC6995138 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-020-1303-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sensenbrenner syndrome, which is also known as cranioectodermal dysplasia (CED), is a rare, autosomal recessive ciliary chondrodysplasia characterized by a variety of clinical features including a distinctive craniofacial appearance as well as skeletal, ectodermal, liver and renal anomalies. Progressive renal disease can be life-threatening in this condition. CED is a genetically heterogeneous disorder. Currently, variants in any of six genes (IFT122, WDR35, IFT140, IFT43, IFT52 and WDR19) have been associated with this syndrome. All of these genes encode proteins essential for intraflagellar transport (IFT) a process that is required for cilium assembly, maintenance and function. Intra- and interfamilial clinical variability has been reported in CED, which is consistent with CED’s genetic heterogeneity and is indicative of genetic background effects. Results Two male CED patients from two unrelated Polish families were included in this study. Clinical assessment revealed distinctive clinical features of Sensenbrenner syndrome, such as dolichocephaly, shortening of long bones and early onset renal failure. Ectodermal anomalies also included thin hair, short and thin nails, and small teeth in both patients. Next generation sequencing (NGS) techniques were performed in order to determine the underlying genetic cause of the disorder using whole exome sequencing (WES) for patient 1 and a custom NGS-based panel for patient 2. Subsequent qPCR and duplex PCR analysis were conducted for both patients. Genetic analyses identified compound heterozygous variants in the IFT140 gene in both affected individuals. Both patients harbored a tandem duplication variant p.Tyr1152_Thr1394dup on one allele. In addition, a novel missense variant, p.(Leu109Pro), and a previously described p.(Gly522Glu) variant were identified in the second allele in patients 1 and 2, respectively. Segregation analysis of the variants was consistent with the expected autosomal recessive disease inheritance pattern. Both patients had severe renal failure requiring kidney transplantation in early childhood. Conclusion The finding of compound heterozygous IFT140 mutations in two unrelated CED patients provide further evidence that IFT140 gene mutations are associated with this syndrome. Our studies confirm that IFT140 changes in patients with CED are associated with early onset end-stage renal disease. Moreover, this report expands our knowledge of the clinical- and molecular genetics of Sensenbrenner syndrome and it highlights the importance of multidisciplinary approaches in the care of CED patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Walczak-Sztulpa
- Department of Medical Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 8 Street, 60-608, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Renata Posmyk
- Department of Perinatology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Ewelina M Bukowska-Olech
- Department of Medical Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 8 Street, 60-608, Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Wawrocka
- Department of Medical Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 8 Street, 60-608, Poznan, Poland
| | - Aleksander Jamsheer
- Department of Medical Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 8 Street, 60-608, Poznan, Poland
| | - Machteld M Oud
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Miriam Schmidts
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Freiburg University Hospital, Freiburg University Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Heleen H Arts
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.,IWK Health Centre, Clinical Genomics Laboratory, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Anna Latos-Bielenska
- Department of Medical Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 8 Street, 60-608, Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Wasilewska
- Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Pazour GJ, Quarmby L, Smith AO, Desai PB, Schmidts M. Cilia in cystic kidney and other diseases. Cell Signal 2019; 69:109519. [PMID: 31881326 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.109519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial cells lining the ducts and tubules of the kidney nephron and collecting duct have a single non-motile cilium projecting from their surface into the lumen of the tubule. These organelles were long considered vestigial remnants left as a result of evolution from a ciliated ancestor, but we now recognize them as critical sensory antennae. In the kidney, the polycystins and fibrocystin, products of the major human polycystic kidney disease genes, localize to this organelle. The polycystins and fibrocystin, through an unknown mechanism, monitor the diameter of the kidney tubules and regulate the proliferation and differentiation of the cells lining the tubule. When the polycystins, fibrocystin or cilia themselves are defective, the cell perceives this as a pro-proliferative signal, which leads to tubule dilation and cystic disease. In addition to critical roles in preventing cyst formation in the kidney, cilia are also important in cystic and fibrotic diseases of the liver and pancreas, and ciliary defects lead to a variety of developmental abnormalities that cause structural birth defects in most organs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory J Pazour
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Biotech II, Suite 213, 373 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, United States of America.
| | - Lynne Quarmby
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada.
| | - Abigail O Smith
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Biotech II, Suite 213, 373 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, United States of America
| | - Paurav B Desai
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Biotech II, Suite 213, 373 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, United States of America
| | - Miriam Schmidts
- Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg University Faculty of Medicine, Mathildenstrasse 1, 79112 Freiburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Ryan R, Failler M, Reilly ML, Garfa-Traore M, Delous M, Filhol E, Reboul T, Bole-Feysot C, Nitschké P, Baudouin V, Amselem S, Escudier E, Legendre M, Benmerah A, Saunier S. Functional characterization of tektin-1 in motile cilia and evidence for TEKT1 as a new candidate gene for motile ciliopathies. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 27:266-282. [PMID: 29121203 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddx396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A child presenting with Mainzer-Saldino syndrome (MZSDS), characterized by renal, retinal and skeletal involvements, was also diagnosed with lung infections and airway ciliary dyskinesia. These manifestations suggested dysfunction of both primary and motile cilia, respectively. Targeted exome sequencing identified biallelic mutations in WDR19, encoding an IFT-A subunit previously associated with MZSDS-related chondrodysplasia, Jeune asphyxiating thoracic dysplasia and cranioectodermal dysplasia, linked to primary cilia dysfunction, and in TEKT1 which encodes tektin-1 an uncharacterized member of the tektin family, mutations of which may cause ciliary dyskinesia. Tektin-1 localizes at the centrosome in cycling cells, at basal bodies of both primary and motile cilia and to the axoneme of motile cilia in airway cells. The identified mutations impaired these localizations. In addition, airway cells from the affected individual showed severe motility defects without major ultrastructural changes. Knockdown of tekt1 in zebrafish resulted in phenotypes consistent with a function for tektin-1 in ciliary motility, which was confirmed by live imaging. Finally, experiments in the zebrafish also revealed a synergistic effect of tekt1 and wdr19. Altogether, our data show genetic interactions between WDR19 and TEKT1 likely contributing to the overall clinical phenotype observed in the affected individual and provide strong evidence for TEKT1 as a new candidate gene for primary ciliary dyskinesia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Ryan
- INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Hereditary Kidney Diseases, 75015 Paris, France.,Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité University, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Marion Failler
- INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Hereditary Kidney Diseases, 75015 Paris, France.,Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité University, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Madeline Louise Reilly
- INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Hereditary Kidney Diseases, 75015 Paris, France.,Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité University, 75015 Paris, France.,Paris Diderot University, Paris, France
| | - Meriem Garfa-Traore
- Cell Imaging Platform, INSERM US24 Structure Fédérative de Recherche Necker, Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Marion Delous
- INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Hereditary Kidney Diseases, 75015 Paris, France.,Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité University, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Emilie Filhol
- INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Hereditary Kidney Diseases, 75015 Paris, France.,Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité University, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Thérèse Reboul
- INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Hereditary Kidney Diseases, 75015 Paris, France.,Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité University, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Christine Bole-Feysot
- Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité University, 75015 Paris, France.,Bioinformatics Core Facility, Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité University, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Patrick Nitschké
- Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité University, 75015 Paris, France.,INSERM UMR-1163, Genomic Core Facility, 75015 Paris, France
| | | | - Serge Amselem
- UMR-S 933, INSERM, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6, Paris, France.,Service de Génétique et Embryologie Médicales, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - Estelle Escudier
- UMR-S 933, INSERM, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6, Paris, France.,Service de Génétique et Embryologie Médicales, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - Marie Legendre
- UMR-S 933, INSERM, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6, Paris, France.,Service de Génétique et Embryologie Médicales, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Benmerah
- INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Hereditary Kidney Diseases, 75015 Paris, France.,Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité University, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Sophie Saunier
- INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Hereditary Kidney Diseases, 75015 Paris, France.,Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité University, 75015 Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Halcrow SE, Killgrove K, Robbins Schug G, Knapp M, Huffer D, Arriaza B, Jungers W, Gunter J. On engagement with anthropology: A critical evaluation of skeletal and developmental abnormalities in the Atacama preterm baby and issues of forensic and bioarchaeological research ethics. Response to Bhattacharya et al. "Whole-genome sequencing of Atacama skeleton shows novel mutations linked with dysplasia" in Genome Research, 2018, 28: 423-431. Doi: 10.1101/gr.223693.117. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PALEOPATHOLOGY 2018; 22:97-100. [PMID: 30025270 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpp.2018.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Here we evaluate Bhattacharya et al.'s (2018) recent paper "Whole-genome sequencing of Atacama skeleton shows novel mutations linked with dysplasia" published in Genome Research. In this short report, we examine the hypothesis that the so-called "Atacama skeleton" has skeletal abnormalities indicative of dysplasia, critique the validity of the interpretations of disease based on genomic analyses, and comment on the ethics of research on this partially mummified human foetus. The current paper acts as a case study of the importance of using an anthropological approach for aDNA research on human remains. A critical evaluation of the ethically controversial paper by Bhattacharya et al. highlights how an understanding of skeletal biological processes, including normal and abnormal growth and development, taphonomic processes, environmental context, and close attention to ethical issues of dealing with human remains, is vital to scientific interpretations. To this end, close collaboration with palaeopathologists and local archaeologists through appropriate peer-reviewed journals will add to the rigour of scientific interpretation and circumvent misinterpretation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siân E Halcrow
- Department of Anatomy, Otago School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, New Zealand.
| | - Kristina Killgrove
- Department of Anthropology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States
| | | | - Michael Knapp
- Department of Anatomy, Otago School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, New Zealand
| | - Damien Huffer
- Department of Archaeology and Classical Studies, Stockholm University, Sweden
| | - Bernardo Arriaza
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, Chile
| | - William Jungers
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Stony Brook School of Medicine, United States
| | - Jennifer Gunter
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaiser San Francisco, United States
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Cha S, Lim JE, Park AY, Do JH, Lee SW, Shin C, Cho NH, Kang JO, Nam JM, Kim JS, Woo KM, Lee SH, Kim JY, Oh B. Identification of five novel genetic loci related to facial morphology by genome-wide association studies. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:481. [PMID: 29921221 PMCID: PMC6008943 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-4865-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Face morphology is strongly determined by genetic factors. However, only a small number of genes related to face morphology have been identified to date. Here, we performed a two-stage genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 85 face morphological traits in 7569 Koreans (5643 in the discovery set and 1926 in the replication set). RESULTS In this study, we analyzed 85 facial traits, including facial angles. After discovery GWAS, 128 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) showing an association of P < 5 × 10- 6 were selected to determine the replication of the associations, and meta-analysis of discovery GWAS and the replication analysis resulted in five genome-wide significant loci. The OSR1-WDR35 [rs7567283, G allele, beta (se) = -0.536 (0.096), P = 2.75 × 10- 8] locus was associated with the facial frontal contour; the HOXD1-MTX2 [rs970797, A allele, beta (se) = 0.015 (0.003), P = 3.97 × 10- 9] and WDR27 [rs3736712, C allele, beta (se) = 0.293 (0.048), P = 8.44 × 10- 10] loci were associated with eye shape; and the SOX9 [rs2193054, C allele, beta (se) (ln-transformed) = -0.007 (0.001), P = 6.17 × 10- 17] and DHX35 [rs2206437, A allele, beta (se) = -0.283 (0.047), P = 1.61 × 10- 9] loci were associated with nose shape. WDR35 and SOX9 were related to known craniofacial malformations, i.e., cranioectodermal dysplasia 2 and campomelic dysplasia, respectively. In addition, we found three independent association signals in the SOX9 locus, and six known loci for nose size and shape were replicated in this study population. Interestingly, four SNPs within these five face morphology-related loci showed discrepancies in allele frequencies among ethnic groups. CONCLUSIONS We identified five novel face morphology loci that were associated with facial frontal contour, nose shape, and eye shape. Our findings provide useful genetic information for the determination of face morphology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seongwon Cha
- Future Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eun Lim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Ah Yeon Park
- Mibyeong Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Hyeong Do
- Future Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Si Woo Lee
- Future Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Chol Shin
- Division of Pulmonary Sleep and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital and Institute of Human Genomic Study, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, 15355, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Han Cho
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-One Kang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Min Nam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Sik Kim
- DNA Forensic Division, Supreme Prosecutors' Office, Seoul, 06590, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Man Woo
- DNA Forensic Division, Supreme Prosecutors' Office, Seoul, 06590, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hwan Lee
- DNA Forensic Division, Supreme Prosecutors' Office, Seoul, 06590, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Yeol Kim
- KM Fundamental Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Bermseok Oh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ackah RL, Yoeli D, Kueht M, Galván NTN, Cotton RT, Rana A, O'Mahony CA, Goss JA. Orthotopic liver transplantation for Sensenbrenner syndrome. Pediatr Transplant 2018; 22. [PMID: 29076289 DOI: 10.1111/petr.13077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Sensenbrenner syndrome, or cranioectodermal dysplasia, is a rare heterogeneic autosomal recessive disorder, affecting ~1 of 1 000 000 live births. The syndrome usually manifests within the first year of life and can present with progressive liver and renal involvement. For all Sensenbrenner patients, renal and liver diseases are the main contributors of morbidity and mortality. In this report, we present the case of a 7-year-old boy with congenital liver disease progressing to liver failure secondary to Sensenbrenner syndrome. For this patient, evidence of liver dysfunction was evident from 2 months of age and progressed to frank cirrhosis and severe portal hypertension with multiple episodes of life-threatening variceal bleeding by age 6. This report illustrates the capability of orthotopic liver transplantation as a viable therapy for those pediatric patients suffering from severe liver failure secondary to a congenital ciliopathy, such as Sensenbrenner syndrome. In fact, early emphasis should be placed on the renal and liver involvement associated with Sensenbrenner syndrome with particular consideration for early referral for transplantation in cases with severe disease. Although the condition is rare, clinicians should be aware of it and its association with fatal liver disease to facilitate appropriate evaluation and referral.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Linda Ackah
- Division of Abdominal Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Dor Yoeli
- Division of Abdominal Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael Kueht
- Division of Abdominal Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nhu Thao Nguyen Galván
- Division of Abdominal Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ronald Timothy Cotton
- Division of Abdominal Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Abbas Rana
- Division of Abdominal Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Christine Ann O'Mahony
- Division of Abdominal Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - John Alan Goss
- Division of Abdominal Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Hwang SH, White KA, Somatilaka BN, Shelton JM, Richardson JA, Mukhopadhyay S. The G protein-coupled receptor Gpr161 regulates forelimb formation, limb patterning and skeletal morphogenesis in a primary cilium-dependent manner. Development 2018; 145:dev.154054. [PMID: 29222391 DOI: 10.1242/dev.154054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The role of basal suppression of the sonic hedgehog (Shh) pathway and its interaction with Indian hedgehog (Ihh) signaling during limb/skeletal morphogenesis is not well understood. The orphan G protein-coupled receptor Gpr161 localizes to primary cilia and functions as a negative regulator of Shh signaling by promoting Gli transcriptional repressor versus activator formation. Here, we show that forelimb buds are not formed in Gpr161 knockout mouse embryos despite establishment of prospective limb fields. Limb-specific deletion of Gpr161 resulted in prematurely expanded Shh signaling and ectopic Shh-dependent patterning defects resulting in polysyndactyly. In addition, endochondral bone formation in forearms, including formation of both trabecular bone and bone collar was prevented. Endochondral bone formation defects resulted from accumulation of proliferating round/periarticular-like chondrocytes, lack of differentiation into columnar chondrocytes, and corresponding absence of Ihh signaling. Gpr161 deficiency in craniofacial mesenchyme also prevented intramembranous bone formation in calvarium. Defects in limb patterning, endochondral and intramembranous skeletal morphogenesis were suppressed in the absence of cilia. Overall, Gpr161 promotes forelimb formation, regulates limb patterning, prevents periarticular chondrocyte proliferation and drives osteoblastogenesis in intramembranous bones in a cilium-dependent manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Hee Hwang
- Department of Cell Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Kevin A White
- Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | | | - John M Shelton
- Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | | | - Saikat Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Cell Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Chowdhury D, Williams KB, Chidekel A, Pizarro C, Preedy C, Young M, Hendrickson C, Robinson DL, Kreiger PA, Puffenberger EG, Strauss KA. Management of Congenital Heart Disease Associated with Ellis-van Creveld Short-rib Thoracic Dysplasia. J Pediatr 2017; 191:145-151. [PMID: 29173298 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2017.08.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate clinical outcome of patients with Ellis-van Creveld syndrome (EVC) in whom congenital heart disease (CHD) repair was delayed intentionally to reduce the risk of postoperative respiratory morbidity and mortality. STUDY DESIGN This retrospective review of 51 EVC c.1886+5G>T homozygotes born between 2005 and 2014 focused on 18 subjects who underwent surgery for CHD, subdivided into early (mean, 1.3 months) vs delayed (mean, 50.1 months) repair. RESULTS Growth trajectories differed between control subjects and patients with EVC, and CHD was associated with slower weight gain. Relative to controls, infants with EVC had a 40%-75% higher respiratory rates (independent of CHD) accompanied by signs of compensated respiratory acidosis. Blood gases and respiratory rates approached normal values by age 4 years. Hemodynamically significant CHD was present in 23 children, 18 (78%) of whom underwent surgical repair. Surgery was performed at 1.3 ± 1.3 months for children born between 2005 and 2009 (n = 9) and 50.1 ± 40.2 months (P = .009) for children born between 2010 and 2014 (n = 9). The latter had shorter postoperative mechanical ventilation (1.1 ± 2.4 days vs 49.6 ± 57.1 days; P = .075), shorter intensive care duration of stay (16 ± 24 days vs 48.6 ± 44.2 days; P = .155), and no postoperative tracheostomies (vs 60%; P = .028) or deaths (vs 44%; P = .082). CONCLUSION Among children with EVC and possibly other short-rib thoracic dysplasias, delayed surgical repair of CHD reduces postoperative morbidity and improves survival. Respiratory rate serves as a simple indicator for optimal timing of surgical repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Aaron Chidekel
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Nemours/duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE
| | - Christian Pizarro
- Division of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nemours/duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE
| | - Catherine Preedy
- Division of Neonatal Intensive Care, Nemours/duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE
| | | | | | | | - Portia A Kreiger
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Antony D, Nampoory N, Bacchelli C, Melhem M, Wu K, James CT, Beales PL, Hubank M, Thomas D, Mashankar A, Behbehani K, Schmidts M, Alsmadi O. Exome sequencing for the differential diagnosis of ciliary chondrodysplasias: Example of a WDR35 mutation case and review of the literature. Eur J Med Genet 2017; 60:658-666. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2017.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
26
|
Fu W, Wang L, Kim S, Li J, Dynlacht BD. Role for the IFT-A Complex in Selective Transport to the Primary Cilium. Cell Rep 2017; 17:1505-1517. [PMID: 27806291 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Intraflagellar transport sub-complex A (IFT-A) is known to regulate retrograde IFT in the cilium. To rigorously assess its other possible roles, we knocked out an IFT-A subunit, IFT121/WDR35, in mammalian cells and screened the localization of more than 50 proteins. We found that Wdr35 regulates cilium assembly by selectively regulating transport of distinct cargoes. Beyond its role in retrograde transport, we show that Wdr35 functions in fusion of Rab8 vesicles at the nascent cilium, protein exit from the cilium, and centriolar satellite organization. Furthermore, we show that Wdr35 is essential for entry of many membrane proteins into the cilium through robust interactions with cargoes and other IFT-A subunits, but the actin network functions to dampen this transport. Wdr35 is mutated in several ciliopathies, and we find that certain disease mutations impair interactions with cargo and other IFT-A subunits. Together, our data link defects in IFT-A mediated cargo transport with disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiang Fu
- Department of Pathology and Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU School of Medicine, Smilow Research Building, 522 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Pathology and Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU School of Medicine, Smilow Research Building, 522 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Sehyun Kim
- Department of Pathology and Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU School of Medicine, Smilow Research Building, 522 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Brian David Dynlacht
- Department of Pathology and Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU School of Medicine, Smilow Research Building, 522 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
The evolving craniofacial phenotype of a patient with Sensenbrenner syndrome caused by IFT140 compound heterozygous mutations. Clin Dysmorphol 2017; 26:247-251. [DOI: 10.1097/mcd.0000000000000169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
28
|
Yoshikawa T, Kamei K, Nagata H, Saida K, Sato M, Ogura M, Ito S, Miyazaki O, Urushihara M, Kondo S, Sugawara N, Ishizuka K, Hamasaki Y, Shishido S, Morisada N, Iijima K, Nagata M, Yoshioka T, Ogata K, Ishikura K. Diversity of renal phenotypes in patients with WDR19
mutations: Two case reports. Nephrology (Carlton) 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/nep.12996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Takahisa Yoshikawa
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology; National Center for Child Health and Development; Tokyo Japan
| | - Koichi Kamei
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology; National Center for Child Health and Development; Tokyo Japan
| | - Hiroko Nagata
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology; National Center for Child Health and Development; Tokyo Japan
| | - Ken Saida
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology; National Center for Child Health and Development; Tokyo Japan
| | - Mai Sato
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology; National Center for Child Health and Development; Tokyo Japan
| | - Masao Ogura
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology; National Center for Child Health and Development; Tokyo Japan
| | - Shuichi Ito
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology; National Center for Child Health and Development; Tokyo Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine; Yokohama City University; Yokohama Japan
| | - Osamu Miyazaki
- Department of Radiology; National Center for Child Health and Development; Tokyo Japan
| | - Maki Urushihara
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences; Tokushima University Graduate School; Tokushima Japan
| | - Shuji Kondo
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences; Tokushima University Graduate School; Tokushima Japan
| | - Noriko Sugawara
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology; Tokyo Women's Medical University; Tokyo Japan
| | - Kiyonobu Ishizuka
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology; Tokyo Women's Medical University; Tokyo Japan
| | - Yuko Hamasaki
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology; Toho University Faculty of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
| | - Seiichiro Shishido
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology; Toho University Faculty of Medicine; Tokyo Japan
| | - Naoya Morisada
- Department of Pediatrics; Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine; Kobe Japan
- Department of Clinical Genetics; Hyogo Prefectural Kobe Children's Hospital; Kobe Japan
| | - Kazumoto Iijima
- Department of Pediatrics; Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine; Kobe Japan
| | - Michio Nagata
- Department of Kidney and Vascular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine; University of Tsukuba; Ibaraki Japan
| | - Takako Yoshioka
- Department of Pathology; National Center for Child Health and Development; Tokyo Japan
| | - Kentaro Ogata
- Department of Pathology; Federation of National Service Personnel Mutual Aid Associations, Tachikawa Hospital; Tokyo Japan
| | - Kenji Ishikura
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology; National Center for Child Health and Development; Tokyo Japan
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Muttusamy T, Ma A, Sinnerbrink I, Quinton AE, Peek MJ, Joung S. Prenatal sonographic features of cranioectodermal dysplasia. Prenat Diagn 2017; 37:628-630. [DOI: 10.1002/pd.5037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Muttusamy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Nepean Hospital; New South Wales Australia
| | - A. Ma
- Department of Clinical Genetics; Nepean Hospital; New South Wales Australia
- Disciplines of Genetic Medicine, Child and Adolescent Health, Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical School; Sydney University; New South Wales Australia
| | - I. Sinnerbrink
- Department of Clinical Genetics; Nepean Hospital; New South Wales Australia
| | - A. E. Quinton
- Medical Sonography, School of Health, Medical and Applied Science; Central Queensland University; Australia
| | - M. J. Peek
- Medical School, College of Medicine, Biology and Environment; The Australian National University; Australia
| | - S. Joung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Nepean Hospital; New South Wales Australia
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Hirano T, Katoh Y, Nakayama K. Intraflagellar transport-A complex mediates ciliary entry and retrograde trafficking of ciliary G protein-coupled receptors. Mol Biol Cell 2017; 28:429-439. [PMID: 27932497 PMCID: PMC5341726 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e16-11-0813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cilia serve as cellular antennae where proteins involved in sensory and developmental signaling, including G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), are specifically localized. Intraflagellar transport (IFT)-A and -B complexes mediate retrograde and anterograde ciliary protein trafficking, respectively. Using a visible immunoprecipitation assay to detect protein-protein interactions, we show that the IFT-A complex is divided into a core subcomplex, composed of IFT122/IFT140/IFT144, which is associated with TULP3, and a peripheral subcomplex, composed of IFT43/IFT121/IFT139, where IFT139 is most distally located. IFT139-knockout (KO) and IFT144-KO cells demonstrated distinct phenotypes: IFT139-KO cells showed the accumulation of IFT-A, IFT-B, and GPCRs, including Smoothened and GPR161, at the bulged ciliary tips; IFT144-KO cells showed failed ciliary entry of IFT-A and GPCRs and IFT-B accumulation at the bulged tips. These observations demonstrate the distinct roles of the core and peripheral IFT-A subunits: IFT139 is dispensable for IFT-A assembly but essential for retrograde trafficking of IFT-A, IFT-B, and GPCRs; in contrast, IFT144 is essential for functional IFT-A assembly and ciliary entry of GPCRs but dispensable for anterograde IFT-B trafficking. Thus the data presented here demonstrate that the IFT-A complex mediates not only retrograde trafficking but also entry into cilia of GPCRs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki Hirano
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yohei Katoh
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Nakayama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Oud MM, Lamers IJC, Arts HH. Ciliopathies: Genetics in Pediatric Medicine. J Pediatr Genet 2016; 6:18-29. [PMID: 28180024 DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1593841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ciliary disorders, which are also referred to as ciliopathies, are a group of hereditary disorders that result from dysfunctional cilia. The latter are cellular organelles that stick up from the apical plasma membrane. Cilia have important roles in signal transduction and facilitate communications between cells and their surroundings. Ciliary disruption can result in a wide variety of clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorders with overlapping phenotypes. Because cilia occur widespread in our bodies many organs and sensory systems can be affected when they are dysfunctional. Ciliary disorders may be isolated or syndromic, and common features are cystic liver and/or kidney disease, blindness, neural tube defects, brain anomalies and intellectual disability, skeletal abnormalities ranging from polydactyly to abnormally short ribs and limbs, ectodermal defects, obesity, situs inversus, infertility, and recurrent respiratory tract infections. In this review, we summarize the features, frequency, morbidity, and mortality of each of the different ciliopathies that occur in pediatrics. The importance of genetics and the occurrence of genotype-phenotype correlations are indicated, and advances in gene identification are discussed. The use of next-generation sequencing by which a gene panel or all genes can be screened in a single experiment is highlighted as this technology significantly lowered costs and time of the mutation detection process in the past. We discuss the challenges of this new technology and briefly touch upon the use of whole-exome sequencing as a diagnostic test for ciliary disorders. Finally, a perspective on the future of genetics in the context of ciliary disorders is provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Machteld M Oud
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ideke J C Lamers
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Heleen H Arts
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Biochemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Yamamura T, Morisada N, Nozu K, Minamikawa S, Ishimori S, Toyoshima D, Ninchoji T, Yasui M, Taniguchi-Ikeda M, Morioka I, Nakanishi K, Nishio H, Iijima K. Rare renal ciliopathies in non-consanguineous families that were identified by targeted resequencing. Clin Exp Nephrol 2016; 21:136-142. [PMID: 26968886 DOI: 10.1007/s10157-016-1256-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nephronophthisis-related ciliopathies (NPHP-RC) are a frequent cause of renal failure for children and adolescents. Although diagnosing these diseases clinically is difficult, a comprehensive genetic screening approach of targeted resequencing can uncover the genetic background in this complicated family of diseases. METHODS We studied three Japanese female patients with renal insufficiency from non-consanguineous parents. A renal biopsy for clinical reasons was not performed. Therefore, we did not know the diagnosis of these patients from a clinical aspect. We performed comprehensive genetic analysis using the TruSight One Sequencing Panel next generation sequencing technique. RESULTS We identified three different rare NPHP-RC variants in the following genes: SDCCAG8, MKKS, and WDR35. Patient 1 with SDCCAG8 homozygous deletions showed no ciliopathy-specific extrarenal manifestations, such as retinitis pigmentosa or polydactyly prior to genetic analysis. Patient 2 with a MKKS splice site homozygous mutation and a subsequent 39-amino acid deletion in the substrate-binding apical domain, had clinical symptoms of Bardet-Biedl syndrome. She and her deceased elder brother had severe renal insufficiency soon after birth. Patient 3 with a compound heterozygous WDR35 mutation had ocular coloboma and intellectual disability. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that a comprehensive genetic screening system using target resequencing is useful and non-invasive for the diagnosis of patients with an unknown cause of pediatric end-stage renal disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiko Yamamura
- Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Naoya Morisada
- Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan. .,Department of Community Medicine and Social Healthcare Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan.
| | - Kandai Nozu
- Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Shogo Minamikawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Shingo Ishimori
- Department of Pediatrics, Kakogawa West City Hospital, 384-1, Hiratsu, Yoneda-cho, Kakogawa, 675-8611, Japan
| | - Daisaku Toyoshima
- Department of Child Neurology, Hyogo Prefectural Kobe Children's Hospital, 1-1-1, Takakuradai, Suma-ku, Kobe, 654-0081, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ninchoji
- Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Masato Yasui
- Department of Pediatrics, Fukuyama Capital Hospital, 5-23-1, Zao-cho, Fukuyama, 721-0971, Japan
| | - Mariko Taniguchi-Ikeda
- Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Ichiro Morioka
- Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Koichi Nakanishi
- Department of Pediatrics, Wakayama Medical College, 811-1, Kimiidera, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan
| | - Hisahide Nishio
- Department of Community Medicine and Social Healthcare Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Kazumoto Iijima
- Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Fitzgerald DA, Shapiro AJ. When to suspect primary ciliary dyskinesia in children. Paediatr Respir Rev 2016; 18:3-7. [PMID: 26822945 DOI: 10.1016/j.prrv.2015.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Primary ciliary dyskinesia [PCD] is an uncommon, autosomal recessively inherited condition that is often overlooked and undertreated in childhood. Amidst the myriad of children with coloured nasal secretions, otitis media and a wet cough, there exists a subset with PCD as the underlying unifying diagnosis. In this paper we have highlighted the varying clinical manifestations of PCD, emphasising different presentations between neonates, toddlers, school aged children and adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominic A Fitzgerald
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Discipline of Paediatrics & Child Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Adam J Shapiro
- Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University, 1001 Decarie Blvd - BRC.5016, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H4A 3J1
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Stokman MF, Oud MM, van Binsbergen E, Slaats GG, Nicolaou N, Renkema KY, Nijman IJ, Roepman R, Giles RH, Arts HH, Knoers NVAM, van Haelst MM. De novo 14q24.2q24.3 microdeletion including IFT43 is associated with intellectual disability, skeletal anomalies, cardiac anomalies, and myopia. Am J Med Genet A 2016; 170:1566-9. [PMID: 26892345 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.37598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We report an 11-year-old girl with mild intellectual disability, skeletal anomalies, congenital heart defect, myopia, and facial dysmorphisms including an extra incisor, cup-shaped ears, and a preauricular skin tag. Array comparative genomic hybridization analysis identified a de novo 4.5-Mb microdeletion on chromosome 14q24.2q24.3. The deleted region and phenotype partially overlap with previously reported patients. Here, we provide an overview of the literature on 14q24 microdeletions and further delineate the associated phenotype. We performed exome sequencing to examine other causes for the phenotype and queried genes present in the 14q24.2q24.3 microdeletion that are associated with recessive disease for variants in the non-deleted allele. The deleted region contains 65 protein-coding genes, including the ciliary gene IFT43. Although Sanger and exome sequencing did not identify variants in the second IFT43 allele or in other IFT complex A-protein-encoding genes, immunocytochemistry showed increased accumulation of IFT-B proteins at the ciliary tip in patient-derived fibroblasts compared to control cells, demonstrating defective retrograde ciliary transport. This could suggest a ciliary defect in the pathogenesis of this disorder. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marijn F Stokman
- Department of Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Machteld M Oud
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud Insitute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ellen van Binsbergen
- Department of Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Gisela G Slaats
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Nayia Nicolaou
- Department of Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kirsten Y Renkema
- Department of Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Isaac J Nijman
- Department of Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald Roepman
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud Insitute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Rachel H Giles
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Heleen H Arts
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud Insitute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | - Nine V A M Knoers
- Department of Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Mieke M van Haelst
- Department of Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Moosa S, Obregon MG, Altmüller J, Thiele H, Nürnberg P, Fano V, Wollnik B. Novel IFT122 mutations in three Argentinian patients with cranioectodermal dysplasia: Expanding the mutational spectrum. Am J Med Genet A 2016; 170A:1295-301. [PMID: 26792575 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.37570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cranioectodermal dysplasia (CED), also known as Sensenbrenner syndrome, is an autosomal recessive ciliary chondrodysplasia characterized by a recognizable craniofacial gestalt, skeletal abnormalities, and ectodermal features. To date, four genes have been shown to underlie the syndrome, namely, IFT122 (WDR10), WDR35 (IFT121), IFT43 (C14orf179), and WDR19 (IFT144). Clinical characterization of a larger cohort of patients with CED has been undertaken previously. Nevertheless, there are too few molecularly confirmed patients reported in the literature to determine precise genotype-phenotype correlations. To date, biallelic IFT122 mutations have been described in only five families. We therefore studied three unrelated Argentinian patients with typical features of CED using a 4813 next-generation sequencing (NGS) gene panel, which we call the "Mendeliome." The three patients had different, novel, compound heterozygous mutations in IFT122. Consequently, we compared these three patients to those previously described with IFT122 mutations. Thus, our report serves to add 6 novel mutations to the IFT122 mutation spectrum and to contribute to the IFT122-related clinical characterization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahida Moosa
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Janine Altmüller
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Holger Thiele
- Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Peter Nürnberg
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Virginia Fano
- Department of Growth and Development, Garrahan Pediatrics Hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Bernd Wollnik
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Smith C, Lamont RE, Wade A, Bernier FP, Parboosingh JS, Innes AM. A relatively mild skeletal ciliopathy phenotype consistent with cranioectodermal dysplasia is associated with a homozygous nonsynonymous mutation in WDR35. Am J Med Genet A 2015; 170:760-5. [PMID: 26691894 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.37514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Ciliopathies are a class of clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorders characterized by deficits of the primary cilium, an important organelle for cellular signaling and development. Here we report on a patient from a consanguineous family presenting with renal cysts, short stature, distinctive facial features, missing teeth, brachydactyly, narrow chest, and abnormal ribs. His phenotype resembled a skeletal ciliopathy and the initial clinical differential diagnosis included Jeune thoracic dystrophy and cranioectodermal dysplasia. Due to the presence of parental consanguinity, a homozygous recessive mutation was the suspected cause and homozygosity mapping was used to direct candidate gene sequencing. WDR35, an intraflagellar transport protein previously associated with cranioectodermal dysplasia, the more severe short rib polydactyly syndrome type V and recently Ellis van Creveld syndrome, is present within a region of homozygosity and sequencing of all coding exons identified a novel homozygous nonsynonymous variant, p.Trp1153Cys. This variant affects a highly conserved tryptophan residue, is predicted to be deleterious, and is the most distal mutation yet reported in WDR35. This case expands the spectrum of phenotypes caused by WDR35 mutations, which we review herein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Smith
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ryan E Lamont
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, Albeta, Canada
| | - Andrew Wade
- Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Francois P Bernier
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, Albeta, Canada
| | - Jillian S Parboosingh
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, Albeta, Canada
| | - A Micheil Innes
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, Albeta, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Cortés CR, Metzis V, Wicking C. Unmasking the ciliopathies: craniofacial defects and the primary cilium. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 2015; 4:637-53. [PMID: 26173831 DOI: 10.1002/wdev.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Revised: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decade, the primary cilium has emerged as a pivotal sensory organelle that acts as a major signaling hub for a number of developmental signaling pathways. In that time, a vast number of proteins involved in trafficking and signaling have been linked to ciliary assembly and/or function, demonstrating the importance of this organelle during embryonic development. Given the central role of the primary cilium in regulating developmental signaling, it is not surprising that its dysfunction results in widespread defects in the embryo, leading to an expanding class of human congenital disorders known as ciliopathies. These disorders are individually rare and phenotypically variable, but together they affect virtually every vertebrate organ system. Features of ciliopathies that are often overlooked, but which are being reported with increasing frequency, are craniofacial abnormalities, ranging from subtle midline defects to full-blown orofacial clefting. The challenge moving forward is to understand the primary mechanism of disease given the link between the primary cilium and a number of developmental signaling pathways (such as hedgehog, platelet-derived growth factor, and WNT signaling) that are essential for craniofacial development. Here, we provide an overview of the diversity of craniofacial abnormalities present in the ciliopathy spectrum, and reveal those defects in common across multiple disorders. Further, we discuss the molecular defects and potential signaling perturbations underlying these anomalies. This provides insight into the mechanisms leading to ciliopathy phenotypes more generally and highlights the prevalence of widespread dysmorphologies resulting from cilia dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudio R Cortés
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Vicki Metzis
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Carol Wicking
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Li Y, Garrod AS, Madan-Khetarpal S, Sreedher G, McGuire M, Yagi H, Klena NT, Gabriel GC, Khalifa O, Zahid M, Panigrahy A, Weiner DJ, Lo CW. Respiratory motile cilia dysfunction in a patient with cranioectodermal dysplasia. Am J Med Genet A 2015; 167A:2188-96. [PMID: 25914204 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.37133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 04/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Ciliopathies such as cranioectodermal dysplasia, Sensenbrenner syndrome, short-rib polydactyly, and Jeune syndrome are associated with respiratory complications arising from rib cage dysplasia. While such ciliopathies have been demonstrated to involve primary cilia defects, we show motile cilia dysfunction in the airway of a patient diagnosed with cranioectodermal dysplasia. While this patient had mild thoracic dystrophy not requiring surgical treatment, there was nevertheless newborn respiratory distress, restrictive airway disease with possible obstructive airway involvement, repeated respiratory infections, and atelectasis. High-resolution videomicroscopy of nasal epithelial biopsy showed immotile/dyskinetic cilia and nasal nitric oxide was reduced, both of which are characteristics of primary ciliary dyskinesia, a sinopulmonary disease associated with mucociliary clearance defects due to motile cilia dysfunction in the airway. Exome sequencing analysis of this patient identified compound heterozygous mutations in WDR35, but no mutations in any of the 30 known primary ciliary dyskinesia genes or other cilia-related genes. Given that WDR35 is only known to be required for primary cilia function, we carried out WDR35 siRNA knockdown in human respiratory epithelia to assess the role of WDR35 in motile cilia function. This showed WDR35 deficiency disrupted ciliogenesis in the airway, indicating WDR35 is also required for formation of motile cilia. Together, these findings suggest patients with WDR35 mutations have an airway mucociliary clearance defect masked by their restrictive airway disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- You Li
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Andrea S Garrod
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Allergy & Immunology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Suneeta Madan-Khetarpal
- Division of Medical Genetics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Gayathri Sreedher
- Division of Medical Genetics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Marianne McGuire
- Division of Medical Genetics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Medical Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Hisato Yagi
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Nikolai T Klena
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - George C Gabriel
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Maliha Zahid
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Ashok Panigrahy
- Department of Pediatric Radiology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Daniel J Weiner
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Allergy & Immunology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Cecilia W Lo
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Caparrós-Martín JA, De Luca A, Cartault F, Aglan M, Temtamy S, Otaify GA, Mehrez M, Valencia M, Vázquez L, Alessandri JL, Nevado J, Rueda-Arenas I, Heath KE, Digilio MC, Dallapiccola B, Goodship JA, Mill P, Lapunzina P, Ruiz-Perez VL. Specific variants in WDR35 cause a distinctive form of Ellis-van Creveld syndrome by disrupting the recruitment of the EvC complex and SMO into the cilium. Hum Mol Genet 2015; 24:4126-37. [PMID: 25908617 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Most patients with Ellis-van Creveld syndrome (EvC) are identified with pathogenic changes in EVC or EVC2, however further genetic heterogeneity has been suggested. In this report we describe pathogenic splicing variants in WDR35, encoding retrograde intraflagellar transport protein 121 (IFT121), in three families with a clinical diagnosis of EvC but having a distinctive phenotype. To understand why WDR35 variants result in EvC, we analysed EVC, EVC2 and Smoothened (SMO) in IFT-A deficient cells. We found that the three proteins failed to localize to Wdr35(-/-) cilia, but not to the cilium of the IFT retrograde motor mutant Dync2h1(-/-), indicating that IFT121 is specifically required for their entry into the ciliary compartment. Furthermore expression of Wdr35 disease cDNAs in Wdr35(-/-) fibroblasts revealed that the newly identified variants lead to Hedgehog signalling defects resembling those of Evc(-/-) and Evc2(-/-) mutants. Together our data indicate that splicing variants in WDR35, and possibly in other IFT-A components, underlie a number of EvC cases by disrupting targeting of both the EvC complex and SMO to cilia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José A Caparrós-Martín
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain, CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alessandro De Luca
- Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, IRCCS, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - François Cartault
- CHU de la Réunion Hôpital Félix Guyon, Saint-Denis, Île de la Réunion, France
| | - Mona Aglan
- Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, Centre of Excellence of Human Genetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samia Temtamy
- Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, Centre of Excellence of Human Genetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ghada A Otaify
- Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, Centre of Excellence of Human Genetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mennat Mehrez
- Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, Centre of Excellence of Human Genetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - María Valencia
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain, CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Vázquez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jean-Luc Alessandri
- CHU de la Réunion Hôpital Félix Guyon, Saint-Denis, Île de la Réunion, France
| | - Julián Nevado
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Rueda-Arenas
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Karen E Heath
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Judith A Goodship
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK and
| | - Pleasantine Mill
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Pablo Lapunzina
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Victor L Ruiz-Perez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain, CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain,
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Rao Damerla R, Gabriel GC, Li Y, Klena NT, Liu X, Chen Y, Cui C, Pazour GJ, Lo CW. Role of cilia in structural birth defects: insights from ciliopathy mutant mouse models. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 102:115-25. [PMID: 24975753 DOI: 10.1002/bdrc.21067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Structural birth defect (SBD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the newborn period. Although the etiology of SBD is diverse, a wide spectrum of SBD associated with ciliopathies points to the cilium as having a central role in the pathogenesis of SBDs. Ciliopathies are human diseases arising from disruption of cilia structure and/or function. They are associated with developmental anomalies in one or more organ systems and can involve defects in motile cilia, such as those in the airway epithelia or from defects in nonmotile (primary cilia) that have sensory and cell signaling function. Availability of low cost next generation sequencing has allowed for explosion of new knowledge in genetic etiology of ciliopathies. This has led to the appreciation that many genes are shared in common between otherwise clinically distinct ciliopathies. Further insights into the relevance of the cilium in SBD has come from recovery of pathogenic mutations in cilia-related genes from many large-scale mouse forward genetic screens with differing developmental phenotyping focus. Our mouse mutagenesis screen for congenital heart disease (CHD) using noninvasive fetal echocardiography has yielded a marked enrichment for pathogenic mutations in genes required for motile or primary cilia function. These novel mutant mouse models will be invaluable for modeling human ciliopathies and further interrogating the role of the cilium in the pathogenesis of SBD and CHD. Overall, these findings suggest a central role for the cilium in the pathogenesis of a wide spectrum of developmental anomalies associated with CHD and SBDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rama Rao Damerla
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
McInerney-Leo A, Harris J, Leo P, Marshall M, Gardiner B, Kinning E, Leong H, McKenzie F, Ong W, Vodopiutz J, Wicking C, Brown M, Zankl A, Duncan E. Whole exome sequencing is an efficient, sensitive and specific method for determining the genetic cause of short-rib thoracic dystrophies. Clin Genet 2015; 88:550-7. [DOI: 10.1111/cge.12550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Revised: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A.M. McInerney-Leo
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital; Woolloongabba QLD 4102 Australia
| | - J.E. Harris
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital; Woolloongabba QLD 4102 Australia
| | - P.J. Leo
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital; Woolloongabba QLD 4102 Australia
| | - M.S. Marshall
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital; Woolloongabba QLD 4102 Australia
| | - B. Gardiner
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital; Woolloongabba QLD 4102 Australia
| | - E. Kinning
- West of Scotland Genetics Service; Southern General Hospital; Glasgow G51 4TF UK
| | - H.Y. Leong
- Genetics Department; Hospital Kuala Lumpur; Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - F. McKenzie
- Genetic Services of Western Australia; Subiaco WA 6008 Australia
- School of Paediatrics and Child Health; The University of Western Australia; Crawley WA 6009 Australia
| | - W.P. Ong
- Genetics Department; Hospital Kuala Lumpur; Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - J. Vodopiutz
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine Medical University of Vienna; A-1090 Vienna Waehringerguertel 18-20 Vienna Austria
| | - C. Wicking
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience; The University of Queensland; St Lucia QLD 4072 Australia
| | - M.A. Brown
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital; Woolloongabba QLD 4102 Australia
| | - A. Zankl
- Discipline of Genetic Medicine; The University of Sydney; Sydney Australia
- Academic Department of Medical Genetics; Sydney Children's Hospital Network (Westmead); Sydney Australia
| | - E.L. Duncan
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital; Woolloongabba QLD 4102 Australia
- Department of Endocrinology, James Mayne Building; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital; Butterfield Road Herston QLD 4029 Australia
- The University of Queensland, University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research; Herston QLD 4029 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Okiro P, Wainwright H, Spranger J, Beighton P. Autopsy observations in lethal short-rib polydactyly syndromes. Pediatr Dev Pathol 2015; 18:40-8. [PMID: 25437139 DOI: 10.2350/14-05-1496-oa.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The short rib-polydactyly syndromes are a heterogeneous group of lethal autosomal recessive disorders (SRP I-IV), which result from cellular ciliary dysfunction during embryogenesis. Diagnosis is conventionally based on radiographic imaging. Since 1976, postmortem investigations of 5 affected fetuses or stillbirths have been undertaken and the visceral abnormalities have been documented. These anomalies are discussed in the context of prenatal differential diagnosis and prognostication following imaging in pregnancy and at autopsy following miscarriage or stillbirth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Okiro
- 1 Division of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory, 7925 Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
The ciliopathy gene Rpgrip1l is essential for hair follicle development. J Invest Dermatol 2014; 135:701-709. [PMID: 25398052 PMCID: PMC4340706 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2014.483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Revised: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The primary cilium is essential for skin morphogenesis through regulating the Notch, Wnt, and hedgehog signaling pathways. Prior studies on the functions of primary cilia in the skin were based on the investigations of genes that are essential for cilium formation. However, none of these ciliogenic genes has been linked to ciliopathy, a group of disorders caused by abnormal formation or function of cilia. To determine whether there is a genetic and molecular link between ciliopathies and skin morphogenesis, we investigated the role of RPGRIP1L, a gene mutated in Joubert (JBTS) and Meckel (MKS) syndromes, two severe forms of ciliopathy, in the context of skin development. We found that RPGRIP1L is essential for hair follicle morphogenesis. Specifically, disrupting the Rpgril1 gene in mice resulted in reduced proliferation and differentiation of follicular keratinocytes, leading to hair follicle developmental defects. These defects were associated with significantly decreased primary cilium formation and attenuated hedgehog signaling. In contrast, we found that hair follicle induction and polarization and the development of interfollicular epidermis were unaffected. This study indicates that RPGRIP1L, a ciliopathy gene, is essential for hair follicle morphogenesis likely through regulating primary cilia formation and the hedgehog signaling pathway.
Collapse
|
44
|
Kurschat CE, Müller RU, Franke M, Maintz D, Schermer B, Benzing T. An approach to cystic kidney diseases: the clinician's view. Nat Rev Nephrol 2014; 10:687-99. [DOI: 10.1038/nrneph.2014.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
45
|
Wills ES, Roepman R, Drenth JPH. Polycystic liver disease: ductal plate malformation and the primary cilium. Trends Mol Med 2014; 20:261-70. [PMID: 24506938 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2014.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Revised: 01/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic livers are found in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), caused by polycystic kidney disease (PKD)1 and PKD2 mutations in virtually all cases, and in isolated polycystic liver disease (PCLD), where 20% of cases are caused by mutations in Protein kinase C substrate 80K-H (PRKCSH) or SEC63. Loss of heterozygosity in single hepatoblasts leads to underlying cystogenic ductal plate malformations. Crucially, actual components driving this development remain elusive. Recent advances have unraveled the roles of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, Notch and Wnt signaling, transcriptional regulators such as hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF)6 and HNF1β, as well as cilium function in hepatobiliary organogenesis. In polycystic liver disease, mutation or defective co-translational processing of key elements required for primary cilium formation have been implicated. This review recapitulates liver patterning factors in hepatobiliary development and extracts molecular players in hepatic cystogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edgar S Wills
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Radboud University Medical Centre, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald Roepman
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Radboud Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Joost P H Drenth
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Radboud University Medical Centre, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Koefoed K, Veland IR, Pedersen LB, Larsen LA, Christensen ST. Cilia and coordination of signaling networks during heart development. Organogenesis 2013; 10:108-25. [PMID: 24345806 DOI: 10.4161/org.27483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary cilia are unique sensory organelles that coordinate a wide variety of different signaling pathways to control cellular processes during development and in tissue homeostasis. Defects in function or assembly of these antenna-like structures are therefore associated with a broad range of developmental disorders and diseases called ciliopathies. Recent studies have indicated a major role of different populations of cilia, including nodal and cardiac primary cilia, in coordinating heart development, and defects in these cilia are associated with congenital heart disease. Here, we present an overview of the role of nodal and cardiac primary cilia in heart development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karen Koefoed
- Department of Biology; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen, Denmark; Wilhelm Johannsen Centre for Functional Genome Research; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Iben Rønn Veland
- Department of Biology; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Lars Allan Larsen
- Wilhelm Johannsen Centre for Functional Genome Research; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | |
Collapse
|