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Cheva A, Chorti A, Boulogeorgou K, Chatzikyriakidou A, Achilla C, Bontinis V, Bontinis A, Milias S, Zarampoukas T, Bakkar SY, Papavramidis T. Sporadic Parathyroid Adenoma: A Pilot Study of Novel Biomarkers in Females. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:1100. [PMID: 39064529 PMCID: PMC11279064 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60071100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Parathyroid adenoma is a distinct cause of primary hyperparathyroidism, with the vast majority being sporadic ones. Proteomic analysis of parathyroid adenomas has proposed a large number of related proteins. The aim of this study is to evaluate the immunohistochemical staining of ANXA2, MED12, MAPK1 and VDR in parathyroid adenoma tissue. Materials and Methods: Fifty-one parathyroid adenomas were analyzed for ANXA2, MED12, MAPK1 and VDR expressions. Tissue was extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded parathyroid adenoma specimens; an immunohistochemical study was applied, and the percentage of allocation and intensity were evaluated. Results: ANXA2 stained positively in 60.8% of all cell types, while MED12 had positive staining in 66%. MAPK1 expression was found to be negative in total, although a specific pattern for oxyphil cells was observed, as they stained positive in 17.7%. Finally, VDR staining was positive at 22.8%, based on nuclear staining. Conclusions: These immunohistochemical results could be utilized as biomarkers for the diagnosis of sporadic parathyroid adenoma. It is of great importance that a distinct immunophenotype of nodule-forming cells in a positive adenoma could suggest a specific pattern of adenoma development, as in hereditary patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angeliki Cheva
- Laboratory of Pathology, Faculty of Health Science, Medical School, Aristotle University, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Angeliki Chorti
- 1st Propaedeutic Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Science, Medical School, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University, 546 36 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Kassiani Boulogeorgou
- Laboratory of Pathology, Faculty of Health Science, Medical School, Aristotle University, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anthoula Chatzikyriakidou
- Laboratory of Medical Biology—Genetics, Faculty of Health Science, Medical School, Aristotle University, 546 36 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Charoula Achilla
- Laboratory of Medical Biology—Genetics, Faculty of Health Science, Medical School, Aristotle University, 546 36 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Vangelis Bontinis
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Faculty of Health Science, Medical School, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University, 546 36 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Alkis Bontinis
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Faculty of Health Science, Medical School, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University, 546 36 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stefanos Milias
- Minimal Invasive Endocrine Surgery Department, Kyanos Stavros, Euromedica, 546 36 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Thomas Zarampoukas
- Laboratory of Pathology, Interbalkan Medical Center, 546 26 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Sohail Y. Bakkar
- Endocrine & General Surgery, The Hashemite University, Amman 13133, Jordan
| | - Theodosios Papavramidis
- 1st Propaedeutic Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Science, Medical School, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University, 546 36 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Minimal Invasive Endocrine Surgery Department, Kyanos Stavros, Euromedica, 546 36 Thessaloniki, Greece
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Shah A, Bapna M, Al-Saif H, Li R, Couser NL. Eye and ocular adnexa manifestations of MED12-related disorders. Ophthalmic Genet 2021; 43:126-129. [PMID: 34670449 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2021.1989601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MED12-related disorders are a rare group of intellectual disability syndromes with a broad range of phenotypic characteristics. The phenotypic spectrum of MED12-related disorders currently includes X-Linked Ohdo Syndrome, Lujan-Fryns Syndrome (LS), and FG syndrome type 1 (FG), also known as Opitz-Kaveggia Syndrome. The MED12 gene encodes the largest component of the mediator complex of RNA polymerase II, which is critical for recruiting activators and repressors to regulate the transcription of genes critical to growth, development, and differentiation. METHODS We performed a systematic literature review of previously published cases to highlight the key ocular features in individuals with MED12-related disorders. In addition, we present a new case of a female patient with a de novo pathogenic c. 3866A>G, p.Q1289R variant. Ocular manifestations are not uncommon in MED12-related disorders, but have not been characterized in literature reports. Commonly reoccurring reported eye and ocular adnexa features within the spectrum include ptosis, downslanting palpebral fissures, and hypertelorism. Other less common findings include strabismus, astigmatism, and optic nerve hypoplasia. RESULTS Our patient presented with developmental delay, mild hypotonia and dysmorphic features including frontal bossing, high arched palate, and syndactyly of the 2nd and 3rd toes bilaterally. DISCUSSION Ocular manifestations identified in this patient included intermittent esotropia, hyperopic astigmatism, epicanthal folds and ptosis bilaterally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arth Shah
- Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Monika Bapna
- Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Hind Al-Saif
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Rachel Li
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Natario L Couser
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Children's Hospital of Richmond at VCU, Richmond, Virginia, USA
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Srivastava S, Kulshreshtha R. Insights into the regulatory role and clinical relevance of mediator subunit, MED12, in human diseases. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:3163-3177. [PMID: 33174211 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Transcriptional dysregulation is central to many diseases including cancer. Mutation or deregulated expression of proteins involved in transcriptional machinery leads to aberrant gene expression that disturbs intricate cellular processes of division and differentiation. The subunits of the mediator complex are master regulators of stimuli-derived transcription and are essential for transcription by RNA polymerase II. MED12 is a part of the CDK8 kinase module of the mediator complex and is essential for kinase assembly and function. Other than its function in activation of the kinase activity of CDK8 mediator, it also brings about transcription repression or activation, in response to several signalling pathways, a function that is independent of its role as a part of kinase assembly. Accumulating evidence suggests that MED12 controls complex transcription programs that are defining in cell fate determination, differentiation, and carcinogenesis. Mutations or differential expression of MED12 manifest in several human disorders and diseases. For instance, MED12 mutations are the gold standard for the diagnosis of several X-linked intellectual disability syndromes. Further, certain MED12 mutations are categorised as driver mutations in carcinogenesis as well. This is a timely review that provides for the first time a wholesome view on the critical roles and pathways regulated by MED12, its interactions along with the implications of MED12 alterations/mutations in various cancers and nonneoplastic disorders. Based on the preclinical studies, MED12 indeed emerges as an attractive novel therapeutic target for various diseases and intellectual disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srishti Srivastava
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Ritu Kulshreshtha
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
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Rubinato E, Rondeau S, Giuliano F, Kossorotoff M, Parodi M, Gherbi S, Steffan J, Jonard L, Marlin S. MED12 missense mutation in a three-generation family. Clinical characterization of MED12-related disorders and literature review. Eur J Med Genet 2020; 63:103768. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2019.103768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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