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Wu Y, Liao C, Xie Y, Wang L. Prenatal Diagnosis of a de novo 2q14.3-q22.1 Deletion with Complex Chromosomal Rearrangement. Mol Syndromol 2024; 15:71-76. [PMID: 38357262 PMCID: PMC10862312 DOI: 10.1159/000531769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chromosomal aberrations due to complex chromosomal rearrangements (CCRs) can cause abnormal phenotypes if accompanied by microdeletions or microduplications near the breakpoint, or gene breaks. Case Presentation We report a prenatal diagnostic case of 2q14.3-q22.1 deletion with ultrasound suggestive of absent nasal bone accompanied by CCRs involving 6 chromosomes. Cytogenetic analysis revealed a karyotype of 46,XY,der(1)t(1;2)(p13.3;p11.2),der(2)t(1;2)inv(2)(q12q14.2)del(2)(q14.3q22.1),t(12;16)(q21.2;q12.1),t(13;21)(q32;q22.1). Chromosomal microarray analysis identified a 14.90 Mb deletion on 2q14.3q22.1. The copy number variant was de novo, as determined by karyotype analysis of the parents' peripheral blood G-banding. Conclusion The region contains haploinsufficient genes that can cause different phenotypes, mainly associated with neurodevelopmental and autism spectrum disorders. However, the genotype-phenotype correlation is limited in prenatal evaluation. Therefore, the combined use of multiple diagnostic techniques has an important role in the assessment of CCRs and genetic counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wu
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Chuanning Liao
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yamei Xie
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Lingxi Wang
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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2
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Cifuentes-Diaz C, Canali G, Garcia M, Druart M, Manett T, Savariradjane M, Guillaume C, Le Magueresse C, Goutebroze L. Differential impacts of Cntnap2 heterozygosity and Cntnap2 null homozygosity on axon and myelinated fiber development in mouse. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1100121. [PMID: 36793543 PMCID: PMC9922869 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1100121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last decade, a large variety of alterations of the Contactin Associated Protein 2 (CNTNAP2) gene, encoding Caspr2, have been identified in several neuronal disorders, including neurodevelopmental disorders and peripheral neuropathies. Some of these alterations are homozygous but most are heterozygous, and one of the current challenges is to estimate to what extent they could affect the functions of Caspr2 and contribute to the development of these pathologies. Notably, it is not known whether the disruption of a single CNTNAP2 allele could be sufficient to perturb the functions of Caspr2. To get insights into this issue, we questioned whether Cntnap2 heterozygosity and Cntnap2 null homozygosity in mice could both impact, either similarly or differentially, some specific functions of Caspr2 during development and in adulthood. We focused on yet poorly explored functions of Caspr2 in axon development and myelination, and performed a morphological study from embryonic day E17.5 to adulthood of two major brain interhemispheric myelinated tracts, the anterior commissure (AC) and the corpus callosum (CC), comparing wild-type (WT), Cntnap2 -/- and Cntnap2 +/- mice. We also looked for myelinated fiber abnormalities in the sciatic nerves of mutant mice. Our work revealed that Caspr2 controls the morphology of the CC and AC throughout development, axon diameter at early developmental stages, cortical neuron intrinsic excitability at the onset of myelination, and axon diameter and myelin thickness at later developmental stages. Changes in axon diameter, myelin thickness and node of Ranvier morphology were also detected in the sciatic nerves of the mutant mice. Importantly, most of the parameters analyzed were affected in Cntnap2 +/- mice, either specifically, more severely, or oppositely as compared to Cntnap2 -/- mice. In addition, Cntnap2 +/- mice, but not Cntnap2 -/- mice, showed motor/coordination deficits in the grid-walking test. Thus, our observations show that both Cntnap2 heterozygosity and Cntnap2 null homozygosity impact axon and central and peripheral myelinated fiber development, but in a differential manner. This is a first step indicating that CNTNAP2 alterations could lead to a multiplicity of phenotypes in humans, and raising the need to evaluate the impact of Cntnap2 heterozygosity on the other neurodevelopmental functions of Caspr2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Cifuentes-Diaz
- Inserm, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)-S 1270, Paris, France,Faculté des Sciences et Ingénierie, Sorbonne University, Paris, France,Institut du Fer à Moulin, Paris, France
| | - Giorgia Canali
- Inserm, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)-S 1270, Paris, France,Faculté des Sciences et Ingénierie, Sorbonne University, Paris, France,Institut du Fer à Moulin, Paris, France
| | - Marta Garcia
- Inserm, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)-S 1270, Paris, France,Faculté des Sciences et Ingénierie, Sorbonne University, Paris, France,Institut du Fer à Moulin, Paris, France
| | - Mélanie Druart
- Inserm, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)-S 1270, Paris, France,Faculté des Sciences et Ingénierie, Sorbonne University, Paris, France,Institut du Fer à Moulin, Paris, France
| | - Taylor Manett
- Inserm, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)-S 1270, Paris, France,Faculté des Sciences et Ingénierie, Sorbonne University, Paris, France,Institut du Fer à Moulin, Paris, France
| | - Mythili Savariradjane
- Inserm, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)-S 1270, Paris, France,Faculté des Sciences et Ingénierie, Sorbonne University, Paris, France,Institut du Fer à Moulin, Paris, France
| | - Camille Guillaume
- Inserm, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)-S 1270, Paris, France,Faculté des Sciences et Ingénierie, Sorbonne University, Paris, France,Institut du Fer à Moulin, Paris, France
| | - Corentin Le Magueresse
- Inserm, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)-S 1270, Paris, France,Faculté des Sciences et Ingénierie, Sorbonne University, Paris, France,Institut du Fer à Moulin, Paris, France
| | - Laurence Goutebroze
- Inserm, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)-S 1270, Paris, France,Faculté des Sciences et Ingénierie, Sorbonne University, Paris, France,Institut du Fer à Moulin, Paris, France,*Correspondence: Laurence Goutebroze,
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3
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Streicher SA, Lim U, Park SL, Li Y, Sheng X, Hom V, Xia L, Pooler L, Shepherd J, Loo LWM, Ernst T, Buchthal S, Franke AA, Tiirikainen M, Wilkens LR, Haiman CA, Stram DO, Cheng I, Le Marchand L. Genome-wide association study of abdominal MRI-measured visceral fat: The multiethnic cohort adiposity phenotype study. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0279932. [PMID: 36607984 PMCID: PMC9821421 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Few studies have explored the genetic underpinnings of intra-abdominal visceral fat deposition, which varies substantially by sex and race/ethnicity. Among 1,787 participants in the Multiethnic Cohort (MEC)-Adiposity Phenotype Study (MEC-APS), we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of the percent visceral adiposity tissue (VAT) area out of the overall abdominal area, averaged across L1-L5 (%VAT), measured by abdominal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A genome-wide significant signal was found on chromosome 2q14.3 in the sex-combined GWAS (lead variant rs79837492: Beta per effect allele = -4.76; P = 2.62 × 10-8) and in the male-only GWAS (lead variant rs2968545: (Beta = -6.50; P = 1.09 × 10-9), and one suggestive variant was found at 13q12.11 in the female-only GWAS (rs79926925: Beta = 6.95; P = 8.15 × 10-8). The negatively associated variants were most common in European Americans (T allele of rs79837492; 5%) and African Americans (C allele of rs2968545; 5%) and not observed in Japanese Americans, whereas the positively associated variant was most common in Japanese Americans (C allele of rs79926925, 5%), which was all consistent with the racial/ethnic %VAT differences. In a validation step among UK Biobank participants (N = 23,699 of mainly British and Irish ancestry) with MRI-based VAT volume, both rs79837492 (Beta = -0.026, P = 0.019) and rs2968545 (Beta = -0.028, P = 0.010) were significantly associated in men only (n = 11,524). In the MEC-APS, the association between rs79926925 and plasma sex hormone binding globulin levels reached statistical significance in females, but not in males, with adjustment for total adiposity (Beta = -0.24; P = 0.028), on the log scale. Rs79837492 and rs2968545 are located in intron 5 of CNTNAP5, and rs79926925, in an intergenic region between GJB6 and CRYL1. These novel findings differing by sex and racial/ethnic group warrant replication in additional diverse studies with direct visceral fat measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha A. Streicher
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Unhee Lim
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - S. Lani Park
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Yuqing Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California–San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Xin Sheng
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Victor Hom
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Lucy Xia
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Loreall Pooler
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - John Shepherd
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Lenora W. M. Loo
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Thomas Ernst
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Steven Buchthal
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Adrian A. Franke
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Maarit Tiirikainen
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Lynne R. Wilkens
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Christopher A. Haiman
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Daniel O. Stram
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Iona Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California–San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Loïc Le Marchand
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
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4
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Etherington GJ, Ciezarek A, Shaw R, Michaux J, Croose E, Haerty W, Di Palma F. Extensive genome introgression between domestic ferret and European polecat during population recovery in Great Britain. J Hered 2022; 113:500-515. [PMID: 35932226 PMCID: PMC9584812 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esac038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The European polecat (Mustela putorius) is a mammalian predator which occurs across much of Europe east to the Ural Mountains. In Great Britain, following years of persecution the range of the European polecat contracted and by the early 1900s was restricted to unmanaged forests of central Wales. The European polecat has recently undergone a population increase due to legal protection and its range now overlaps that of feral domestic ferrets (Mustela putorius furo). During this range expansion, European polecats hybridized with feral domestic ferrets producing viable offspring. Here, we carry out population-level whole-genome sequencing on 8 domestic ferrets, 19 British European polecats, and 15 European polecats from the European mainland. We used a range of population genomics methods to examine the data, including phylogenetics, phylogenetic graphs, model-based clustering, phylogenetic invariants, ABBA-BABA tests, topology weighting, and Fst. We found high degrees of genome introgression in British polecats outside their previous stronghold, even in those individuals phenotyped as “pure” polecats. These polecats ranged from presumed F1 hybrids (gamma = 0.53) to individuals that were much less introgressed (gamma = 0.2). We quantify this introgression and find introgressed genes containing Fst outliers associated with cognitive function and sight.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adam Ciezarek
- The Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
| | - Rebecca Shaw
- The Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
| | - Johan Michaux
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | | | | | - Federica Di Palma
- The Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.,Genome British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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5
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Chromosome 2q14.3 microdeletion encompassing CNTNAP5 gene in a patient carrying a complex chromosomal rearrangement. J Genet 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12041-021-01316-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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6
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Aleo S, Milani D, Pansa A, Marchisio P, Guerneri S, Silipigni R. Autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability in an inherited 2q14.3 micro‐deletion involving
CNTNAP5. Am J Med Genet A 2020; 182:3071-3073. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiano Aleo
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milan Italy
| | - Donatella Milani
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milan Italy
| | - Alessandra Pansa
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milan Italy
| | - Paola Marchisio
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milan Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation University of Milan Milan Italy
| | - Silvana Guerneri
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milan Italy
| | - Rosamaria Silipigni
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milan Italy
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