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O'Connor M, Qiao H, Odamah K, Cerdeira PC, Man HY. Heterozygous Nexmif female mice demonstrate mosaic NEXMIF expression, autism-like behaviors, and abnormalities in dendritic arborization and synaptogenesis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24703. [PMID: 38322873 PMCID: PMC10844029 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with a strong genetic basis. ASDs are commonly characterized by impairments in language, restrictive and repetitive behaviors, and deficits in social interactions. Although ASD is a highly heterogeneous disease with many different genes implicated in its etiology, many ASD-associated genes converge on common cellular defects, such as aberrant neuronal morphology and synapse dysregulation. Our previous work revealed that, in mice, complete loss of the ASD-associated X-linked gene NEXMIF results in a reduction in dendritic complexity, a decrease in spine and synapse density, altered synaptic transmission, and ASD-like behaviors. Interestingly, human females of NEXMIF haploinsufficiency have recently been reported to demonstrate autistic features; however, the cellular and molecular basis for this haploinsufficiency-caused ASD remains unclear. Here we report that in the brains of Nexmif± female mice, NEXMIF shows a mosaic pattern in its expression in neurons. Heterozygous female mice demonstrate behavioral impairments similar to those of knockout male mice. In the mosaic mixture of neurons from Nexmif± mice, cells that lack NEXMIF have impairments in dendritic arborization and spine development. Remarkably, the NEXMIF-expressing neurons from Nexmif± mice also demonstrate similar defects in dendritic growth and spine formation. These findings establish a novel mouse model of NEXMIF haploinsufficiency and provide new insights into the pathogenesis of NEXMIF-dependent ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret O'Connor
- Department of Biology, Boston University, 5 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Hui Qiao
- Department of Biology, Boston University, 5 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - KathrynAnn Odamah
- Department of Biology, Boston University, 5 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | | | - Heng-Ye Man
- Department of Biology, Boston University, 5 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Biophysics, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 East Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University, 610 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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2
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Zhong L, Liu C, Lin L. Infantile spasms caused by NEXMIF mutation: A case report and literature review. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY. CHILD 2023; 12:380-385. [PMID: 37313861 DOI: 10.1080/21622965.2023.2220459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infantile spasms are rare epileptic syndromes associated with neurodevelopment and genes. The NEXMIF gene, identified as KIDLIA, KIAA2022 or Xpn, is a gene of unknown biological identity located on the q13.2 X chromosome. CASE DESCRIPTION We presented a 4-month-old infant with a diagnosis of infantile spasms with NEXMIF mutation. Clinical manifestations include psychomotor retardation, loss of consciousness, and seizures. After oral therapy with vigabatrin, sodium valproate, and levetiracetam, the syndrome was alleviated and no recurrence was observed during one month of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS A loss-of-function mutation in the NEXMIF gene has been reported. There are few reports on this mutation worldwide. This study provides a new idea for the clinical treatment of infantile spasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuming Zhong
- Department of Internal Medicine-Pediatrics, Meizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou, China
| | - Caihui Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine-Pediatrics, Meizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou, China
| | - Liang Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine-Pediatrics, Meizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou, China
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Gamirova R, Barkov A, Shaimuchametova V, Liukshina N, Volkov I, Tomenko T, Rachmanina O, Shestakova O, Gorobets E. Epilepsy and other phenotypic features of X-linked intellectual disability caused by the mutations in the KIAA2022 gene. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2022; 122:14-20. [DOI: 10.17116/jnevro202212209214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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4
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Cioclu MC, Coppola A, Tondelli M, Vaudano AE, Giovannini G, Krithika S, Iacomino M, Zara F, Sisodiya SM, Meletti S. Cortical and Subcortical Network Dysfunction in a Female Patient With NEXMIF Encephalopathy. Front Neurol 2021; 12:722664. [PMID: 34566868 PMCID: PMC8459922 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.722664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEE) are the most severe group of epilepsies. Recently, NEXMIF mutations have been shown to cause a DEE in females, characterized by myoclonic–atonic epilepsy and recurrent nonconvulsive status. Here we used advanced neuroimaging techniques in a patient with a novel NEXMIF de novo mutation presenting with recurrent absence status with eyelid myoclonia, to reveal brain structural and functional changes that can bring the clinical phenotype to alteration within specific brain networks. Indeed, the alterations found in the patient involved the visual pericalcarine cortex and the middle frontal gyrus, regions that have been demonstrated to be a core feature in epilepsy phenotypes with visual sensitivity and eyelid myoclonia with absences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cristina Cioclu
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Science, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Antonietta Coppola
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Manuela Tondelli
- Neurology Unit, OCB Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Giada Giovannini
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Science, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Neurology Unit, OCB Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy.,PhD Program in Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - S Krithika
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.,The Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy, Chalfont-St-Peter, Bucks, United Kingdom.,School of Life Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Michele Iacomino
- Unit of Medical Genetics, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genova, Italy
| | - Federico Zara
- Unit of Medical Genetics, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genova, Italy.,Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Faculty of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Sanjay M Sisodiya
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.,The Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy, Chalfont-St-Peter, Bucks, United Kingdom
| | - Stefano Meletti
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Science, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Neurology Unit, OCB Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
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Mayo S, Gómez-Manjón I, Fernández-Martínez FJ, Camacho A, Martínez F, Benito-León J. Candidate Genes for Eyelid Myoclonia with Absences, Review of the Literature. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115609. [PMID: 34070602 PMCID: PMC8199219 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Eyelid myoclonia with absences (EMA), also known as Jeavons syndrome (JS) is a childhood onset epileptic syndrome with manifestations involving a clinical triad of absence seizures with eyelid myoclonia (EM), photosensitivity (PS), and seizures or electroencephalogram (EEG) paroxysms induced by eye closure. Although a genetic contribution to this syndrome is likely and some genetic alterations have been defined in several cases, the genes responsible for have not been identified. In this review, patients diagnosed with EMA (or EMA-like phenotype) with a genetic diagnosis are summarized. Based on this, four genes could be associated to this syndrome (SYNGAP1, KIA02022/NEXMIF, RORB, and CHD2). Moreover, although there is not enough evidence yet to consider them as candidate for EMA, three more genes present also different alterations in some patients with clinical diagnosis of the disease (SLC2A1, NAA10, and KCNB1). Therefore, a possible relationship of these genes with the disease is discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Mayo
- Genetics and Inheritance Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain; (I.G.-M.); (F.J.F.-M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-91-779-2603
| | - Irene Gómez-Manjón
- Genetics and Inheritance Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain; (I.G.-M.); (F.J.F.-M.)
- Department of Genetics, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fco. Javier Fernández-Martínez
- Genetics and Inheritance Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain; (I.G.-M.); (F.J.F.-M.)
- Department of Genetics, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Camacho
- Department of Neurology, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28041 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Francisco Martínez
- Traslational Research in Genetics, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), 46026 Valencia, Spain;
- Genetics Unit, Hospital Universitario y Politecnico La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Julián Benito-León
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Sun H, Shen XR, Fang ZB, Jiang ZZ, Wei XJ, Wang ZY, Yu XF. Next-Generation Sequencing Technologies and Neurogenetic Diseases. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11040361. [PMID: 33921670 PMCID: PMC8072598 DOI: 10.3390/life11040361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology has led to great advances in understanding the causes of Mendelian and complex neurological diseases. Owing to the complexity of genetic diseases, the genetic factors contributing to many rare and common neurological diseases remain poorly understood. Selecting the correct genetic test based on cost-effectiveness, coverage area, and sequencing range can improve diagnosis, treatments, and prevention. Whole-exome sequencing and whole-genome sequencing are suitable methods for finding new mutations, and gene panels are suitable for exploring the roles of specific genes in neurogenetic diseases. Here, we provide an overview of the classifications, applications, advantages, and limitations of NGS in research on neurological diseases. We further provide examples of NGS-based explorations and insights of the genetic causes of neurogenetic diseases, including Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, spinocerebellar ataxias, epilepsy, and multiple sclerosis. In addition, we focus on issues related to NGS-based analyses, including interpretations of variants of uncertain significance, de novo mutations, congenital genetic diseases with complex phenotypes, and single-molecule real-time approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Xue-Fan Yu
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-157-5430-1836
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