1
|
Kleinendorst L, Abawi O, Vos N, van der Valk ES, Maas SM, Morgan AT, Hildebrand MS, Da Silva JD, Florijn RJ, Lauffer P, Visser JA, van Rossum EFC, van den Akker ELT, van Haelst MM. GNB1 and obesity: Evidence for a correlation between haploinsufficiency and syndromic obesity. Clin Obes 2024; 14:e12661. [PMID: 38596856 DOI: 10.1111/cob.12661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Most patients with GNB1 encephalopathy have developmental delay and/or intellectual disability, brain anomalies and seizures. Recently, two cases with GNB1 encephalopathy caused by haploinsufficiency have been reported that also show a Prader-Willi-like phenotype of childhood hypotonia and severe obesity. Here we present three new cases from our expert centre for genetic obesity in which GNB1 truncating and splice variants, probably leading to haploinsufficiency, were identified. They all have obesity, hyperphagia and intellectual deficit. The clinical cases and their weight courses are presented, together with a review of all 68 published cases with GNB1 encephalopathy. Information on weight was not mentioned in most of these articles, so we contacted authors for additional clinical information on weight status and hyperphagia. Of the 42 patients whose weight status we could determine, obesity was present in 8 patients (19%). Obesity is significantly over-represented in the group with truncating and splicing variants. In this group, we see an obesity prevalence of 75%. Since GNB1 has been linked to several key genes in the hypothalamic leptin-melanocortin pathway, which regulates satiety and energy expenditure, our data support the potential association between GNB1 haploinsufficiency and genetic obesity. We also suggest GNB1 is a candidate gene for the known obesity phenotype of the 1p36 microdeletion syndrome given this chromosomal region includes the GNB1 gene. Knowledge of an additional obesity phenotype is important for prognosis, early interventions against obesity and awareness when prescribing weight-inducing medication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lotte Kleinendorst
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Emma Center for Personalized Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ozair Abawi
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Obesity Center CGG, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Niels Vos
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eline S van der Valk
- Obesity Center CGG, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Saskia M Maas
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Michael S Hildebrand
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Medicine, Austin Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jorge D Da Silva
- Centro de Genética Médica Doutor Jacinto Magalhães, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto & Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, Abel Salazar Biomedical Sciences Institute, Porto University, Porto, Portugal
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Ralph J Florijn
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Peter Lauffer
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jenny A Visser
- Obesity Center CGG, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth F C van Rossum
- Obesity Center CGG, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Erica L T van den Akker
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Obesity Center CGG, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mieke M van Haelst
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Emma Center for Personalized Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Colombo S, Reddy HP, Petri S, Williams DJ, Shalomov B, Dhindsa RS, Gelfman S, Krizay D, Bera AK, Yang M, Peng Y, Makinson CD, Boland MJ, Frankel WN, Goldstein DB, Dascal N. Epilepsy in a mouse model of GNB1 encephalopathy arises from altered potassium (GIRK) channel signaling and is alleviated by a GIRK inhibitor. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1175895. [PMID: 37275776 PMCID: PMC10232839 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1175895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
De novo mutations in GNB1, encoding the Gβ1 subunit of G proteins, cause a neurodevelopmental disorder with global developmental delay and epilepsy, GNB1 encephalopathy. Here, we show that mice carrying a pathogenic mutation, K78R, recapitulate aspects of the disorder, including developmental delay and generalized seizures. Cultured mutant cortical neurons also display aberrant bursting activity on multi-electrode arrays. Strikingly, the antiepileptic drug ethosuximide (ETX) restores normal neuronal network behavior in vitro and suppresses spike-and-wave discharges (SWD) in vivo. ETX is a known blocker of T-type voltage-gated Ca2+ channels and G protein-coupled potassium (GIRK) channels. Accordingly, we present evidence that K78R results in a gain-of-function (GoF) effect by increasing the activation of GIRK channels in cultured neurons and a heterologous model (Xenopus oocytes)-an effect we show can be potently inhibited by ETX. This work implicates a GoF mechanism for GIRK channels in epilepsy, identifies a new mechanism of action for ETX in preventing seizures, and establishes this mouse model as a pre-clinical tool for translational research with predicative value for GNB1 encephalopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Colombo
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Haritha P. Reddy
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Sabrina Petri
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Damian J. Williams
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Boris Shalomov
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ryan S. Dhindsa
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Sahar Gelfman
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Daniel Krizay
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Amal K. Bera
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Mu Yang
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- Mouse NeuroBehavior Core Facility, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Yueqing Peng
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Christopher D. Makinson
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Michael J. Boland
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Wayne N. Frankel
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - David B. Goldstein
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Nathan Dascal
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ji C, Yang Y, Fu Y, Pu X, Xu G. Improvement of Ganoderma lucidum water extract on the learning and memory impairment and its mechanism in d-galactose-induced aging mice. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
|
4
|
Galosi S, Pollini L, Novelli M, Bernardi K, Di Rocco M, Martinelli S, Leuzzi V. Motor, epileptic, and developmental phenotypes in genetic disorders affecting G protein coupled receptors-cAMP signaling. Front Neurol 2022; 13:886751. [PMID: 36003298 PMCID: PMC9393484 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.886751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last years, a constantly increasing number of genetic diseases associated with epilepsy and movement disorders have been recognized. An emerging group of conditions in this field is represented by genetic disorders affecting G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs)–cAMP signaling. This group of postsynaptic disorders includes genes encoding for proteins highly expressed in the central nervous system and involved in GPCR signal transduction and cAMP production (e.g., GNAO1, GNB1, ADCY5, GNAL, PDE2A, PDE10A, and HPCA genes). While the clinical phenotype associated with ADCY5 and GNAL is characterized by movement disorder in the absence of epilepsy, GNAO1, GNB1, PDE2A, PDE10A, and HPCA have a broader clinical phenotype, encompassing movement disorder, epilepsy, and neurodevelopmental disorders. We aimed to provide a comprehensive phenotypical characterization of genetic disorders affecting the cAMP signaling pathway, presenting with both movement disorders and epilepsy. Thus, we reviewed clinical features and genetic data of 203 patients from the literature with GNAO1, GNB1, PDE2A, PDE10A, and HPCA deficiencies. Furthermore, we delineated genotype–phenotype correlation in GNAO1 and GNB1 deficiency. This group of disorders presents with a highly recognizable clinical phenotype combining distinctive motor, epileptic, and neurodevelopmental features. A severe hyperkinetic movement disorder with potential life-threatening exacerbations and high susceptibility to a wide range of triggers is the clinical signature of the whole group of disorders. The existence of a distinctive clinical phenotype prompting diagnostic suspicion and early detection has relevant implications for clinical and therapeutic management. Studies are ongoing to clarify the pathophysiology of these rare postsynaptic disorders and start to design disease-specific treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Serena Galosi
- Department Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Serena Galosi
| | - Luca Pollini
- Department Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Novelli
- Department Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Martina Di Rocco
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Martinelli
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Leuzzi
- Department Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Da Silva JD, Costa MD, Almeida B, Lopes F, Maciel P, Teixeira-Castro A. Case Report: A Novel GNB1 Mutation Causes Global Developmental Delay With Intellectual Disability and Behavioral Disorders. Front Neurol 2021; 12:735549. [PMID: 34646230 PMCID: PMC8504539 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.735549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Diseases of neurodevelopment mostly exhibit neurological and psychiatric symptoms that go from very mild to extremely severe. While the etiology of most cases of neurodevelopmental disease is still unknown, the discovery of underlying genetic causes is rapidly increasing, with hundreds of genes being currently implicated as disease-causing. Here, we report a clinical case of a patient with a previously undiagnosed syndrome comprising severe global developmental delay, intellectual disability, and behavioral disorders (such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder and recurrent bouts of aggressive behavior). After genetic testing, a pathogenic variant was detected in the GNB1 gene, which codes for the G-protein subunit β1. The detected variant (c.217G>A, p.A73T) has not been previously reported in any of the 58 published cases of GNB1 encephalopathy. However, it localizes to the mutational hotspot in exons 6 and 7 in which 88% of all missense mutations occur. An in silico model predicts that this mutation is likely to disrupt the WD40 domain of the GNB1 protein, which is required for its interaction with other G-proteins and, consequently, for downstream signal transduction. In conclusion, we reported an additional GNB1 encephalopathy patient, bearing a novel mutation, taking another step toward a better understanding of its clinical presentation and prospective development of treatments for the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Diogo Da Silva
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's-Portuguese Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal.,Pediatrics Department, Hospital of Santa Maria Maior, Barcelos, Portugal
| | - Marta Daniela Costa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's-Portuguese Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Bruno Almeida
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's-Portuguese Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Fátima Lopes
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's-Portuguese Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Maciel
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's-Portuguese Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Andreia Teixeira-Castro
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's-Portuguese Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lansdon LA, Fleming EA, Viso FD, Sullivan BR, Saunders CJ. Second patient with GNB2-related neurodevelopmental disease: Further evidence for a gene-disease association. Eur J Med Genet 2021; 64:104243. [PMID: 33971351 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2021.104243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
G-proteins are ubiquitously expressed heterotrimeric proteins consisting of α, β and γ subunits and mediate G-protein coupled receptor signalling cascades. The β subunit is encoded by one of five highly similar paralogs (GNB1-GNB5, accordingly). The developmental importance of G-proteins is highlighted by the clinical relevance of variants in genes such as GNB1, which cause severe neurodevelopmental disease (NDD). Recently the candidacy of GNB2 was raised in association with NDD in an individual with a de novo variant affecting a codon conserved across paralogs and recurrently mutated in GNB1-related disease, c.229G>A p.(Gly77Arg), in association with global developmental delay, intellectual disability and dysmorphic features. Here, we report a patient with strikingly similar facial features and NDD in association with a de novo GNB2 variant affecting the same codon, c.229G>T p.(Gly77Trp). In addition, this individual has epilepsy and overgrowth. Our report is the second to implicate a de novo GNB2 variant with a severe yet variable NDD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa A Lansdon
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Mercy-Kansas City, 2401 Gillham Road, Kansas City, MO, USA; Genomic Medicine Center, Children's Mercy-Kansas City, 2401 Gillham Road, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Emily A Fleming
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Children's Mercy-Kansas City, 2401 Gillham Road, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Florencia Del Viso
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Mercy-Kansas City, 2401 Gillham Road, Kansas City, MO, USA; Genomic Medicine Center, Children's Mercy-Kansas City, 2401 Gillham Road, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Bonnie R Sullivan
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Children's Mercy-Kansas City, 2401 Gillham Road, Kansas City, MO, USA; University of Missouri-Kansas City, School of Medicine, 2411 Holmes Street, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Carol J Saunders
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Mercy-Kansas City, 2401 Gillham Road, Kansas City, MO, USA; Genomic Medicine Center, Children's Mercy-Kansas City, 2401 Gillham Road, Kansas City, MO, USA; University of Missouri-Kansas City, School of Medicine, 2411 Holmes Street, Kansas City, MO, USA.
| |
Collapse
|