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Remediation of Saline Wastewater Producing a Fuel Gas Containing Alkanes and Hydrogen Using Zero Valent Iron (Fe0). WATER 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/w14121926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Zero valent iron (Fe0) water remediation studies, over the last 40 years, have periodically reported the discovery of CnH2n+2 in the product water or product gas, where n = 1 to 20. Various theories have been proposed for the presence of these hydrocarbons. These include: (i) reductive transformation of a more complex organic chemical; (ii) hydrogenation of an organic chemical, as part of a degradation process; (iii) catalytic hydrogenation and polymerisation of carbonic acid; and (iv) redox transformation. This study uses wastewater (pyroligneous acid, (pH = 0.5 to 4.5)) from a carbonization reactor processing municipal waste to define the controls for the formation of CnH2n+2 (where n = 3 to 9), C3H4, and C3H6. A sealed, static diffusion, batch flow reactor, containing zero-valent metals [181 g m-Fe0 + 29 g m-Al0 + 27 g m-Cu0 + 40 g NaCl] L−1, was operated at two temperatures, 273–298 K and 348 K, respectively. The reactions, reactant quotients, and rate constants for the catalytic formation of H2(g), CO2(g), C3H4(g), C3H6(g), C3H8(g), C4H10(g), C5H12(g), C6H14(g,l), and C7H16(g,l), are defined as function of zero valent metal concentration (g L−1), reactor pressure (MPa), and reactor temperature (K). The produced fuel gas (422–1050 kJ mole−1) contained hydrogen + CnHy(gas), where n = 3 to 7. The gas production rate was: [1058 moles CnHy + 132 moles H2] m−3 liquid d−1 (operating pressure = 0.1 MPa; temperature = 348 K). Increasing the operating pressure to 1 MPa increased the fuel gas production rate to [2208 moles CnHy + 1071 moles H2] m−3 liquid d−1. In order to achieve these results, the Fe0, operated as a “Smart Material”, simultaneously multi-tasking to create self-assembly, auto-activated catalysts for hydrogen production, hydrocarbon formation, and organic chemical degradation (degrading carboxylic acids and phenolic species to CO2 and CO).
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Han C, Du L, Konarova M, Qi DC, Phillips DL, Xu J. Beyond Hydrogen Evolution: Solar-Driven, Water-Donating Transfer Hydrogenation over Platinum/Carbon Nitride. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c01932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chenhui Han
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Lili Du
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Muxina Konarova
- Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Dong-Chen Qi
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - David Lee Phillips
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Jingsan Xu
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
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Sharma P, Rathod J, Singh AP, Kumar P, Sasson Y. Synthesis of heterogeneous Ru(ii)-1,2,3-triazole catalyst supported over SBA-15: application to the hydrogen transfer reaction and unusual highly selective 1,4-disubstituted triazole formation via multicomponent click reaction. Catal Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cy02619f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Remarkable reactivity of solid catalyst in H2O medium for the regioselective 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazole with excellent yield in one pot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priti Sharma
- Casali Center of Applied Chemistry
- Institute of Chemistry
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
- Jerusalem
- Israel
| | - Jayant Rathod
- Division of Organic Chemistry
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory
- Pune-411008
- India
| | - A. P. Singh
- Catalysis Division
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory
- Pune 411008
- India
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Division of Organic Chemistry
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory
- Pune-411008
- India
| | - Yoel Sasson
- Casali Center of Applied Chemistry
- Institute of Chemistry
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
- Jerusalem
- Israel
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