1
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Yang H, Zhang J, Zhang S, Xue Z, Hu S, Chen Y, Tang Y. Chiral Bisphosphine-Catalyzed Asymmetric Staudinger/aza-Wittig Reaction: An Enantioselective Desymmetrizing Approach to Crinine-Type Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:14136-14148. [PMID: 38642063 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c02755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
An unprecedented chiral bisphosphine-catalyzed asymmetric Staudinger/aza-Wittig reaction of 2,2-disubstituted cyclohexane-1,3-diones is reported, enabling the facile access of a broad range of cis-3a-arylhydroindoles in high yields with excellent enantioselectivities. The key to the success of this work relies on the first application of chiral bisphosphine DuanPhos to the asymmetric Staudinger/aza-Wittig reaction. An effective reductive system has been established to address the challenging PV═O/PIII redox cycle associated with the chiral bisphosphine catalyst. In addition, comprehensive experimental and computational investigations were carried out to elucidate the mechanism of the asymmetric reaction. Leveraging the newly developed chemistry, the enantioselective total syntheses of several crinine-type Amaryllidaceae alkaloids, including (+)-powelline, (+)-buphanamine, (+)-vittatine, and (+)-crinane, have been accomplished with remarkable conciseness and efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhi Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jingyang Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Sen Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhengwen Xue
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shengkun Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yi Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yefeng Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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2
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Maurya JP, Ramasastry SSV. Phosphine-Promoted Ring Opening/Recyclization of Cyclopropyl Ketones to Access Hydrofluorenones. Org Lett 2024; 26:2282-2286. [PMID: 38471028 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c00481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
The ring-reorganizing transformations of activated cyclopropanes are typically achieved under acidic conditions. This Letter describes the first acid-free and Lewis base-mediated cascade ring opening/recyclization of designed cyclopropyl ketones to access tetrahydrofluorenones. We rationally merged the nucleophilic features of phosphines with the electronically biased cyclopropanes to synthesize several new classes of hydrofluorenones. We have also demonstrated the synthetic utility of the products in accessing highly functionalized molecular scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay Prakash Maurya
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector 81, S A S Nagar, Manauli, Punjab 140 306, India
| | - S S V Ramasastry
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector 81, S A S Nagar, Manauli, Punjab 140 306, India
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3
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Steiner MR, Schmallegger M, Donner L, Hlina JA, Marschner C, Baumgartner J, Slugovc C. Using the phospha-Michael reaction for making phosphonium phenolate zwitterions. Beilstein J Org Chem 2024; 20:41-51. [PMID: 38230356 PMCID: PMC10790659 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.20.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The reactions of 2,4-di-tert-butyl-6-(diphenylphosphino)phenol and various Michael acceptors (acrylonitrile, acrylamide, methyl vinyl ketone, several acrylates, methyl vinyl sulfone) yield the respective phosphonium phenolate zwitterions at room temperature. Nine different zwitterions were synthesized and fully characterized. Zwitterions with the poor Michael acceptors methyl methacrylate and methyl crotonate formed, but could not be isolated in pure form. The solid-state structures of two phosphonium phenolate molecules were determined by single-crystal X-ray crystallography. The bonding situation in the solid state together with NMR data suggests an important contribution of an ylidic resonance structure in these molecules. The phosphonium phenolates are characterized by UV-vis absorptions peaking around 360 nm and exhibit a negative solvatochromism. An analysis of the kinetics of the zwitterion formation was performed for three Michael acceptors (acrylonitrile, methyl acrylate, and acrylamide) in two different solvents (chloroform and methanol). The results revealed the proton transfer step necessary to stabilize the initially formed carbanion as the rate-determining step. A preorganization of the carbonyl bearing Michael acceptors allowed for reasonable fast direct proton transfer from the phenol in aprotic solvents. In contrast, acrylonitrile, not capable of forming a similar preorganization, is hardly reactive in chloroform solution, while in methanol the corresponding phosphonium phenolate is formed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias R Steiner
- Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Materials, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Organocatalysis in Polymerization, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Max Schmallegger
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Larissa Donner
- Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Materials, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Organocatalysis in Polymerization, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Johann A Hlina
- Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, University of Graz, Schubertstraße 1, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Christoph Marschner
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Judith Baumgartner
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Christian Slugovc
- Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Materials, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Organocatalysis in Polymerization, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010 Graz, Austria
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4
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Selvaraj A, Cordier M, Devillard M, Alcaraz G. Synthesis of Photochromic Phosphines by Pd-Catalyzed Annulation Reaction of Alkynes Bearing Phosphinyl Substituent with a Silacyclopropene. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302374. [PMID: 37639287 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of phosphines with light controlled basicity is presented in this study. A methodological approach for the preparation of these unconventional photochromic phosphines based on a dithienylethene organic moiety is reported. It relies on the palladium-catalyzed annulation of alkynyl phosphines in the presence of a 2,3-Dithienylsilacyclopropene. Accordingly, a diphenyphosphino moiety is connected to the organic photochrome thanks to different linkers. Their influence on the photochromism and on the phosphinyl group basicity is studied and evaluated based on experimental an NMR descriptor as well as DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshitha Selvaraj
- ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR 6226, Univ Rennes, CNRS, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Marie Cordier
- ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR 6226, Univ Rennes, CNRS, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Marc Devillard
- ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR 6226, Univ Rennes, CNRS, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Gilles Alcaraz
- ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR 6226, Univ Rennes, CNRS, 35000, Rennes, France
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5
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Papis M, Bucci R, Contini A, Gelmi ML, Lo Presti L, Poli G, Broggini G, Loro C. Phosphine-Catalyzed Domino Regio- and Stereo-Selective Hexamerization of 2-(Bromomethyl)acrylates to 1,2-Bis(cyclohexenyl)ethenyl Derivatives. Org Lett 2023; 25:7380-7384. [PMID: 37772494 PMCID: PMC10580324 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
A phosphine-catalyzed domino assembly of six units of 2-bromomethyl acrylates afforded polyalkenyl adducts containing two cyclohexenyl rings. This reaction occurs under mild conditions providing the final product by formation of seven carbon-carbon bonds and four stereocenters. Experimental and computational studies support an initial dimerization of the substrate, which in turn trimerizes involving two totally regio- and stereocontrolled Diels-Alder cycloadditions. The yield of the hexamerization of the 2-bromomethyl acrylates depends on the size of the ester function. The protocol has also proved to be practicable on a gram scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Papis
- Dipartimento
di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia, Università
degli Studi dell’Insubria, Via Valleggio 9, 22100, Como, Italy
| | - Raffaella Bucci
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Farmaceutiche, DISFARM Università
degli Studi di Milano, Via Venezian 21, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandro Contini
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Farmaceutiche, DISFARM Università
degli Studi di Milano, Via Venezian 21, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Gelmi
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Farmaceutiche, DISFARM Università
degli Studi di Milano, Via Venezian 21, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Leonardo Lo Presti
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università degli Studi
di Milano, via Golgi
19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Giovanni Poli
- Sorbonne
Université, Faculté des Sciences et Ingénierie,
CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire,
IPCM, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Gianluigi Broggini
- Dipartimento
di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia, Università
degli Studi dell’Insubria, Via Valleggio 9, 22100, Como, Italy
| | - Camilla Loro
- Dipartimento
di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia, Università
degli Studi dell’Insubria, Via Valleggio 9, 22100, Como, Italy
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6
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Zhang J, Hao W, Chen Y, Wang Z, Yao J, Yao W. Phosphine-catalyzed Rauhut-Currier reaction of γ-alkyl allenoate and subsequent trapping using the Diels-Alder reaction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:11720-11723. [PMID: 37702327 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc03151a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
We have disclosed a Rauhut-Currier reaction of γ-alkyl-substituted allenoate, catalyzed by L-valine-derived amide phosphine, to form trisubstitued allenoate, which was trapped by maleimide or DMAD via the Diels-Alder reaction. Exo-bicyclic succinimide derivatives including three continuous stereocenters with an exo-carbon-carbon double bound were constructed in up to quantitative yields with high stereospecificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China.
| | - Wei Hao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China.
| | - Ying Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China.
| | - Zhen Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Drug Research, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China.
| | - Jinzhong Yao
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314001, P. R. China
| | - Weijun Yao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China.
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7
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Dutta L, Mondal A, Maurya JP, Mukhopadhyay D, Ramasastry SSV. Conceptual advances in nucleophilic organophosphine-promoted transformations. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:11045-11056. [PMID: 37656437 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc03648k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Catalysis by trivalent nucleophilic organophosphines has emerged as an essential tool in organic synthesis. Several new organic transformations promoted by phosphines substantiate and complement the existing synthetic chemistry tools. Mere design of the substrate and reagent combinations has introduced new modes of reactivity patterns, which are otherwise difficult to achieve. These design considerations have led to the rapid build-up of complex molecular entities and laid a solid foundation to synthesise bioactive natural products and pharmaceuticals. This article presents an overview of some of the conceptual advances, including our contributions to nucleophilic organophosphine chemistry. The scope, limitations, mechanistic insights, and applications of these metal-free transformations are discussed elaborately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lona Dutta
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector 81, Manauli PO, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 140306, India.
| | - Atanu Mondal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector 81, Manauli PO, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 140306, India.
| | - Jay Prakash Maurya
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector 81, Manauli PO, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 140306, India.
| | - Dipto Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector 81, Manauli PO, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 140306, India.
| | - S S V Ramasastry
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector 81, Manauli PO, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 140306, India.
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8
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Nakano Y, Maddigan-Wyatt JT, Lupton DW. Enantioselective Catalysis by the Umpolung of Conjugate Acceptors Involving N-Heterocyclic Carbene or Organophosphine 1,4-Addition. Acc Chem Res 2023; 56:1190-1203. [PMID: 37093247 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.3c00063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
ConspectusConjugate acceptors are one of the most common electrophilic functional groups in organic synthesis. While useful in a diverse range of transformations, their applications are largely dominated by the reactions from which their name is derived (i.e., as an acceptor of nucleophiles in the conjugate position). In 2014, we commenced studies focused on their ability to undergo polarity inversion through the conjugate addition of Lewis base catalysts. The first step in this process provides an enolate, from which the well-developed Rauhut-Currier (RC) and Morita-Baylis-Hillman (MBH) reactions can occur; however, tautomerization to provide a species in which the β-carbon of the conjugate acceptor can now act as a donor is also possible. When we commenced studies on this topic, reaction designs with this type of species, particularly when accessed using N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs), had been reported on only a handful of occasions. Despite a lack of development, conceptually it was felt that reactions taking advantage of polarity switching by Lewis base conjugate addition have a number of desirable features. Perhaps the most significant is the potential to reimagine a ubiquitous functional group as an entirely new synthon, namely, a donor to electrophiles from the conjugate position.Our work has focused on catalysis with both simple conjugate acceptors and also those embedded within more complicated substrates; the latter has allowed a series of cycloisomerizations and annulation reactions to be achieved. In most cases, the reactions have been possible using enantioenriched chiral NHCs or organophosphines as the Lewis base catalysts thereby delivering enantioselective approaches to novel cyclic molecules. While related chemistry can be accessed with either family of catalyst, in all cases reactions have been designed to take advantage of one or the other. In addition, a fine balance exists between reactions that exploit the initially formed enolate and those that involve the polarity-inverted β-anion. In our studies, this balance is addressed through substrate design, although catalyst control may also be possible. We consider the chemistry discussed in this Account to be in its infancy. Significant challenges remain to be addressed before our broad aim of discovering a universal approach to the polarity inversion of all conjugate acceptors can be achieved. These challenges broadly relate to chemoselectivity with substrates bearing multiple electrophilic functionalities, reliance upon the use of conjugate acceptors, and catalyst efficiency. To address these challenges, advances in catalyst design and catalyst cooperativity are likely required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Nakano
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - David W Lupton
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Victoria, Australia
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9
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Mao Y, Chen W, Li C, Miao L, Lin Y, Ling F, Chen Z, Yao J. Synthesis of 3,4,5-trisubstituted phenols via Rh(III)-catalyzed alkenyl C-H activation assisted by phosphonium cations. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:3775-3778. [PMID: 36912283 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc00017f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
An efficient method for the construction of various 3,4,5-trisubstituted phenol derivatives has been achieved via the Rh(III)-catalyzed coupling of phosphonium cations with internal alkynes. This protocol shows good substrate compatibility, as an array of structurally and electronically diverse phosphonium compounds react efficiently with up to 87% yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Mao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Wenxi Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Changchang Li
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Lin Miao
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yanfei Lin
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Fei Ling
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Zhangpei Chen
- Center for Molecular Science and Engineering, College of Science, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China.
| | - Jinzhong Yao
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, Zhejiang, China.
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10
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Li S, Fang L, Dou Q, Wang T, Cheng B. Recent advances in phosphorylation of hetero-nucleophilic reagents via P–H bond cleavage. Tetrahedron 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2023.133344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
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11
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Liu D, Zhao Y, Patureau FW. NaI/PPh 3-catalyzed visible-light-mediated decarboxylative radical cascade cyclization of N-arylacrylamides for the efficient synthesis of quaternary oxindoles. Beilstein J Org Chem 2023; 19:57-65. [PMID: 36741816 PMCID: PMC9874234 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.19.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
A practical NaI/PPh3-catalyzed decarboxylative radical cascade cyclization of N-arylacrylamides with redox-active esters is described, which is mediated by visible light irradiation. A wide range of substrates bearing different substituents and derived from ubiquitous carboxylic acids, including α-amino acids, were synthesized and examined under this very mild, efficient, and cost effective transition-metal-free synthetic method. These afforded various functionalized oxindoles featuring a C3 quaternary stereogenic center. Mechanistic experiments suggest a radical mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Yue Zhao
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Frederic W Patureau
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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12
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Reyes E, Prieto L, Milelli A. Asymmetric Organocatalysis: A Survival Guide to Medicinal Chemists. Molecules 2022; 28:271. [PMID: 36615465 PMCID: PMC9822454 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Majority of drugs act by interacting with chiral counterparts, e.g., proteins, and we are, unfortunately, well-aware of how chirality can negatively impact the outcome of a therapeutic regime. The number of chiral, non-racemic drugs on the market is increasing, and it is becoming ever more important to prepare these compounds in a safe, economic, and environmentally sustainable fashion. Asymmetric organocatalysis has a long history, but it began its renaissance era only during the first years of the millennium. Since then, this field has reached an extraordinary level, as confirmed by the awarding of the 2021 Chemistry Nobel Prize. In the present review, we wish to highlight the application of organocatalysis in the synthesis of enantio-enriched molecules that may be of interest to the pharmaceutical industry and the medicinal chemistry community. We aim to discuss the different activation modes observed for organocatalysts, examining, for each of them, the generally accepted mechanisms and the most important and developed reactions, that may be useful to medicinal chemists. For each of these types of organocatalytic activations, select examples from academic and industrial applications will be disclosed during the synthesis of drugs and natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efraim Reyes
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Liher Prieto
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Andrea Milelli
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Corso d’Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
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13
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C – C coupling of alkynes to the CH2 group in a 1-phosphonioethenyl ligand in a zwitterionic dirhenium carbonyl complex. J Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2022.122490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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14
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Adams RD, Kaushal M, Rassolov VA, Smith MD. Synthesis and Chemistry of Ammonioethenyl and Phosphonioethenyl Ligands in Zwitterionic Dirhenium Carbonyl Complexes. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:12262-12274. [PMID: 35895600 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
New zwitterionic dirhenium carbonyl complexes containing ammonioethenyl and phosphonioethenyl ligands have been synthesized and studied. The reaction of Re2(CO)10 with C2H2 and Me3NO yielded the dirhenium complex Re2(CO)9(NMe3) (6) and the new zwitterionic complex Re2(CO)9[η1-E-2-CH═CH(NMe3)] (7). Compound 6 was characterized structurally and was found to have a NMe3 ligand in an equatorial coordination site cis to a long Re-Re single bond, Re-Re = 3.0938(2) Å. Compound 7 can be obtained from the reaction of 6 with ethyne (C2H2) formally by the insertion of ethyne into the Re-N bond to the NMe3 ligand. Compound 7 contains a 2-trimethylammonioethenyl ligand, -CH═CH(+NMe3), that is formally a zwitterion having a positive charge on the nitrogen atom and a negative charge on the terminal carbon atom. When coordinated to rhenium by the terminal ethenyl carbon atom, the negative charge on the -CH═CH(+NMe3) carbon atom is formally transferred to the rhenium atom. The reaction of Re2(CO)10 with C2H2 and NEt3 in the presence of Me3NO yielded the new dirhenium complex Re2(CO)9[η1-E-2-CH═CH(NEt3)] (8) together with some 6 and 7. Compound 8 is structurally similar to 7, but it contains a NEt3 group in the ammonioethenyl ligand in the place of the NMe3 group in 7. Reactions of 7 with PMePh2 and PPh3 yielded the zwitterionic 2-arylphosphonioethenyl-coordinated dirhenium carbonyl complexes, Re2(CO)9[η1-E-2-CH═CH(PPh2Me)] (9a) and Re2(CO)9[η1-E-2-CH═CH(PPh3)] (9b), and the zwitterionic 1-phosphonioethenyl ligand in the dirhenium carbonyl complexes, Re2(CO)9[η1-1-C(PPh2Me)(═CH2)] (10a), Re2(CO)8[μ-η2-1-C(PPh2Me)(═CH2)] (11a), and Re2(CO)8[[μ-η2-1-C(PPh3)(CH2)] (11b). Compound 10a was converted to 11a and the new compound Re2(CO)7(μ-H)[μ-η2-1-(CH2C)P(Ph)(Me)(o-C6H4)], (12) by decarbonylation using Me3NO. Compound 12 contains an ortho-metalated phenyl ring. The new products 6,7, 8, 9b, 10a, 11a, 11b and 12 were characterized structurally by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard D Adams
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Meenal Kaushal
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Vitaly A Rassolov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Mark D Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
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Maddigan-Wyatt JT, Cao J, Ametovski J, Hooper JF, Lupton DW. Enantioselective Synthesis of Pyrrolidines by a Phosphine-Catalyzed γ-Umpolung/β-Umpolung Cascade. Org Lett 2022; 24:2847-2852. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jing Cao
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Jhi Ametovski
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Joel F. Hooper
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - David W. Lupton
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
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16
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Wang X, Yu C, Atodiresei IL, Patureau FW. Phosphine-Catalyzed Dearomative [3 + 2] Cycloaddition of Benzoxazoles with a Cyclopropenone. Org Lett 2022; 24:1127-1131. [PMID: 35085442 PMCID: PMC8845044 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c04045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
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The triphenylphosphine-catalyzed
dearomative [3 + 2] cycloaddition
of benzoxazoles with 1,2-diphenylcyclopropenone is herein described.
The reaction scope, mechanism, and possible future applications of
this rare organocatalyzed cycloaddition are herein discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingben Wang
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Congjun Yu
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Iuliana L Atodiresei
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Frederic W Patureau
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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