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de La Salles AYF, de Andrade JK, de Souza JG, Freitas KDB, Carreiro ADN, Veloso EVL, Rocha EF, Klem MAP, Mendonça FTM, de Menezes DJA. Anatomy applied to image diagnosis of the hind limb in the black-striped capuchin (Sapajus libidinosus Spix, 1823). Am J Primatol 2022; 84:e23416. [PMID: 35848101 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.23416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The knowledge of anatomy and imaging exams emerges as an important tool in the study of evolutionary processes of a species, in the elaboration of diagnosis, and the successful choice of the appropriate clinical and surgical procedures. Therefore, this study aims to describe the osteology of the hind limb of Sapajus libidinosus by means of gross, radiographic, and tomographic images. Four cadavers were used in the macroscopic analysis and five animals for the imaging exams, of which four were eventually euthanized and added to the macroscopic study. For imaging exams, they were kept anesthetized. All bones of the hind limb were documented, their structures were described, and compared with data in the literature from human and nonhuman primates. We have performed Student's t test for independent samples. There was no statistical difference between the sexes regarding the length of the hind limb bones. The coxal bone was largely well described using imaging methods. A small penile bone was present at the tip of the penis and it could be identified by all analysis methods. The femur, as well as the tibia and fibula, were not well portrayed in their proximal and distal epiphyses by radiography (Rx). However, they were well identified on tomography. No third trochanter was observed in the femur and the patella had a triangular shape. All the structures described by gross anatomy of the tarsus and metatarsus could be identified by Rx and tomography. More subtle structures, such as the popliteal notch on the tibia, and the gluteal tuberosity pectineal line and facies aspera on the coxal bone, were not identified by medical imaging. S. libidinosus presented anatomical characteristics that were similar to those of larger New World and Old World monkeys, including man. This suggests it's value as an experimental model for studies in recent primates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Y F de La Salles
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science and Health, Center for Rural Health and Technology, Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos, Paraíba, Brazil
| | | | - Joyce G de Souza
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science and Health, Center for Rural Health and Technology, Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Kelvis de B Freitas
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Artur da N Carreiro
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science and Health, Center for Rural Health and Technology, Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Edson V L Veloso
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science and Health, Center for Rural Health and Technology, Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Ediane F Rocha
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science and Health, Center for Rural Health and Technology, Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Marcius A P Klem
- Institute of Veterinary Radiology, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Fábio T M Mendonça
- Veterinary Health Center, Universidade Potiguar, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Danilo J A de Menezes
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science and Health, Center for Rural Health and Technology, Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos, Paraíba, Brazil.,Department of Morphology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
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Garbino GST. How many marmoset (Primates: Cebidae: Callitrichinae) genera are there? A phylogenetic analysis based on multiple morphological systems. Cladistics 2015; 31:652-678. [DOI: 10.1111/cla.12106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme S. T. Garbino
- IPÊ - Instituto de Pesquisas Ecológicas; C. Postal 47 12960-000, Nazaré Paulista São Paulo Brazil
- Pós-graduação; Museu de Zoologia; Universidade de São Paulo; Avenida Nazaré 481 04263-000 São Paulo SP Brazil
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Casteleyn C, Bakker J, Breugelmans S, Kondova I, Saunders J, Langermans JAM, Cornillie P, Van den Broeck W, Van Loo D, Van Hoorebeke L, Bosseler L, Chiers K, Decostere A. Anatomical description and morphometry of the skeleton of the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus). Lab Anim 2012; 46:152-63. [DOI: 10.1258/la.2012.011167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Callithrix jacchus (common marmoset) is regularly used in biomedical research, including for studies involving the skeleton. To support these studies, skeletons of healthy animals that had been euthanized for reasons not interfering with skeletal anatomy were prepared. The marmoset dental formula 2I-1C-3P-2M of each oral quadrant is atypical for New World monkeys which commonly possess a third molar. Seven cervical, 12–13 thoracic, 7–6 lumbar, 2–3 sacral and 26–29 caudal vertebrae are present, the thoracolumbar region always comprising 19 vertebrae. A sigmoid clavicle connects the scapula with the manubrium of the sternum. Depending on the number of thoracic vertebrae, 4–5 sternebrae are located between the manubrium and xiphoid process. Wide interosseous spaces separate the radius from the ulna, and the tibia from the fibula. A small sesamoid bone is inserted in the m. abductor digiti primi longus at the medial border of the carpus, a pair of ovoid sesamoid bones is located at the palmar/plantar sides of the trochleae of each metapodial bone, and round fabellae articulate with the proximal surfaces of the femoral condyles. Male marmosets possess a small penile bone. Both the front and hind feet have five digits. The hallux possesses a flat nail, whereas all other digits present curved claws. Interestingly, a central bone is present in both the carpus and tarsus. This study provides a description and detailed illustrations of the skeleton of the common marmoset as an anatomical guide for further biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Casteleyn
- Applied Veterinary Morphology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biochemical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - J Bakker
- Animal Science Department, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, The Netherlands
| | - S Breugelmans
- Department of Morphology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - I Kondova
- Animal Science Department, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, The Netherlands
| | - J Saunders
- Department of Veterinary Medical Imaging and Small Animal Orthopaedics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - J A M Langermans
- Animal Science Department, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, The Netherlands
| | - P Cornillie
- Department of Morphology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - W Van den Broeck
- Department of Morphology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - D Van Loo
- Department of Soil Management, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- UGCT – Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - L Van Hoorebeke
- UGCT – Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - L Bosseler
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - K Chiers
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - A Decostere
- Department of Morphology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
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Porter LM, Garber PA, Nacimento E. Exudates as a fallback food for Callimico goeldii. Am J Primatol 2009; 71:120-9. [PMID: 18985770 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.20630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Fallback foods have been defined as resources for which a species has evolved specific masticatory and digestive adaptations, and are consumed principally when preferred foods are scarce. In the present field investigation, we examine fungi, fruit, and exudate consumption in one group of Callimico goeldii in order to determine the importance of exudates as a fallback food for this species. Based on a total of 1,198 hr of quantitative behavioral data collected between mid-November 2002-August 2003, we found that pod exudates of Parkia velutina accounted for 19% of callimico feeding time in the dry season. This resource was not consumed in the wet season when fruits and fungi were the most common items in the diet. In the dry season of 2005 (July), the same callimico study group did not consume Parkia pod exudates. Instead, the group ate exudates obtained from holes gouged in tree trunks by pygmy marmosets and exudates resulting from natural weathering and insect damage on trunks, roots, and lianas. Pod exudates are reported to contain greater amounts of readily available energy than do trunk and root exudates, and were consumed throughout all periods of the day, particularly in the late afternoon. Trunk and root exudates were consumed principally in the morning. We propose that digestive adaptations of the hindgut, which enable callimicos to exploit fungi (a resource high in structural carbohydrates) year-round, predispose them to efficiently exploit and process exudates as fallback foods when other resources, such as ripe fruits, are scarce.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila M Porter
- Department of Anthropology, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115, USA.
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