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Vinueza-Espinosa DC, Santos C, Martínez-Labarga C, Malgosa A. Human DNA extraction from highly degraded skeletal remains: How to find a suitable method? Electrophoresis 2020; 41:2149-2158. [PMID: 33002215 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202000171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Retrieving DNA from highly degraded human skeletal remains is still a challenge due to low concentration and fragmentation, which makes it difficult to extract and purify. Recent works showed that silica-based methods allow better DNA recovery and this fact may be attributed to the type of bones and the quality of the preserved tissue. However, more systematic studies are needed to evaluate the efficiency of the different silica-based extraction methods considering the type of bones. The main goal of the present study is to establish the best extraction method and the type of bone that can maximize the recovery of PCR-amplifiable DNA and the subsequent retrieval of mitochondrial and nuclear genetic information. Five individuals were selected from an archaeological site located in Catalonia-Spain dating from 5th to 11th centuries AD. For each individual, five samples from different skeletal regions were collected: petrous bone, pulp cavity and cementum of tooth, and rib and limb bones. Four extraction methods were tested, three silica-based (silica in-suspension, HE column and XS plasma column) and the classical method based on phenol-chloroform. Silica in-suspension method from petrous bone and pulp cavity showed the best results. However, the remains preservation will ultimately be the key to the molecular result success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana C Vinueza-Espinosa
- Biology Anthropology Research Group, Department of Animal Biology, Vegetal Biology and Ecology, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Santos
- Biology Anthropology Research Group, Department of Animal Biology, Vegetal Biology and Ecology, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Martínez-Labarga
- Department of Biology, Centre of Molecular Anthropology for Ancient DNA Studies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Assumpció Malgosa
- Biology Anthropology Research Group, Department of Animal Biology, Vegetal Biology and Ecology, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Vinueza-Espinosa DC, Santos C, Martínez-Labarga C, Malgosa A. Assessing DNA recovery from highly degraded skeletal remains by using silica-based extraction methods. FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL GENETICS SUPPLEMENT SERIES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigss.2019.10.204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Afonso C, Nociarova D, Santos C, Martinez-Labarga C, Mestres I, Duran M, Malgosa A. Sex selection in late Iberian infant burials: Integrating evidence from morphological and genetic data. Am J Hum Biol 2018; 31:e23204. [PMID: 30556221 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to analyze the infant burials found inside Iberian homes in relation to a possible case of sex selection. METHODS The study included the remains of 11 infant individuals buried under the 10 houses excavated in the late Iberian village of Camp de les Lloses (Tona, Barcelona, Spain). Sex was determined using genetic analysis. RESULTS Our results showed that almost all the burials were females. However, the age interval of death was wide enough to weaken the premise of infanticide, and the burials probably represent cases of natural death. DISCUSSION Infanticide in its different forms has long been argued as an explanation for the infant remains found throughout various burial sites. Many authors thought that infanticide, mainly femicide, was the main method of population control in ancient times. However, there is no anthropological evidence (age distribution and sex analyzed genetically) to support the intentional killing of females in this or in other cases. We hypothesized that there was a positive selection for females to be buried inside the houses, probably related to their benefactor roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Afonso
- Unitat d'Antropologia biològica, Departament de Biologia Animal, de Biologia Vegetal i Ecologia, Facultat Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra-Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.,Centro de Investigação em Antropologia e Saúde, Life Science Department, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Dominika Nociarova
- Unitat d'Antropologia biològica, Departament de Biologia Animal, de Biologia Vegetal i Ecologia, Facultat Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra-Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Cristina Santos
- Unitat d'Antropologia biològica, Departament de Biologia Animal, de Biologia Vegetal i Ecologia, Facultat Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra-Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Cristina Martinez-Labarga
- Centre of Molecular Anthropology for Ancient DNA studies, Department of Biology, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Imma Mestres
- Centre d'Interpretació del Camp de les Lloses, Tona, Spain
| | | | - Assumpció Malgosa
- Unitat d'Antropologia biològica, Departament de Biologia Animal, de Biologia Vegetal i Ecologia, Facultat Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra-Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
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The maternal genetic make-up of the Iberian Peninsula between the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15644. [PMID: 29142317 PMCID: PMC5688114 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15480-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Agriculture first reached the Iberian Peninsula around 5700 BCE. However, little is known about the genetic structure and changes of prehistoric populations in different geographic areas of Iberia. In our study, we focus on the maternal genetic makeup of the Neolithic (~ 5500–3000 BCE), Chalcolithic (~ 3000–2200 BCE) and Early Bronze Age (~ 2200–1500 BCE). We report ancient mitochondrial DNA results of 213 individuals (151 HVS-I sequences) from the northeast, central, southeast and southwest regions and thus on the largest archaeogenetic dataset from the Peninsula to date. Similar to other parts of Europe, we observe a discontinuity between hunter-gatherers and the first farmers of the Neolithic. During the subsequent periods, we detect regional continuity of Early Neolithic lineages across Iberia, however the genetic contribution of hunter-gatherers is generally higher than in other parts of Europe and varies regionally. In contrast to ancient DNA findings from Central Europe, we do not observe a major turnover in the mtDNA record of the Iberian Late Chalcolithic and Early Bronze Age, suggesting that the population history of the Iberian Peninsula is distinct in character.
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Rott A, Turner N, Scholz U, von Heyking K, Immler F, Peters J, Haberstroh J, Harbeck M. Early medieval stone-lined graves in Southern Germany: analysis of an emerging noble class. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2017; 162:794-809. [DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.23170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Rott
- State Collection for Anthropology and Palaeoanatomy; SNSB; Munich 80333 Germany
| | - Nils Turner
- Department Biology I, Anthropology and Environmental History; LMU Munich; Planegg-Martinsried 82152 Germany
| | | | | | | | - Joris Peters
- State Collection for Anthropology and Palaeoanatomy; SNSB; Munich 80333 Germany
- LMU Munich, Department of Veterinary Sciences; Institute of Palaeoanatomy, Domestication Research and History of Veterinary Medicine; Munich 80539 Germany
| | - Jochen Haberstroh
- Bavarian State Department of Monuments and Sites; Munich 80539 Germany
| | - Michaela Harbeck
- State Collection for Anthropology and Palaeoanatomy; SNSB; Munich 80333 Germany
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Keller M, Rott A, Hoke N, Schwarzberg H, Regner-Kamlah B, Harbeck M, Wahl J. United in death-related by blood? Genetic and archeometric analyses of skeletal remains from the neolithic earthwork bruchsal-aue. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2015; 157:458-71. [DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.22738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Revised: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Keller
- Anthropology and Environmental History; Department Biology I; Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich; D-82152 Martinsried Germany
| | - Andreas Rott
- Department of Anthropology; State Collection for Anthropology and Palaeoanatomy; D-80333 Munich Germany
| | - Nadja Hoke
- Anthropology and Environmental History; Department Biology I; Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich; D-82152 Martinsried Germany
- Department of Anthropology; State Collection for Anthropology and Palaeoanatomy; D-80333 Munich Germany
| | - Heiner Schwarzberg
- Department of Prehistory; Bavarian State Archaeological Collection; D-80538 Munich Germany
| | - Birgit Regner-Kamlah
- Department of Archaeological Heritage Management 84.2; State Office for Cultural Heritage Management Baden-Württemberg, State Regional Authority Stuttgart; D-76133 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Michaela Harbeck
- Department of Anthropology; State Collection for Anthropology and Palaeoanatomy; D-80333 Munich Germany
| | - Joachim Wahl
- Department of Archaeological Heritage Management 84.1; State Office for Cultural Heritage Management Baden-Württemberg, State Regional Authority Stuttgart; D-78467 Constance Germany
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Alt K, Brandt G, Knipper C, Lehn C. Empfehlungen für die Probenentnahme in der forensischen Anthropologie. Rechtsmedizin (Berl) 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00194-014-0950-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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González-Ruiz M, Santos C, Jordana X, Simón M, Lalueza-Fox C, Gigli E, Aluja MP, Malgosa A. Tracing the origin of the east-west population admixture in the Altai region (Central Asia). PLoS One 2012; 7:e48904. [PMID: 23152818 PMCID: PMC3494716 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2012] [Accepted: 10/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
A recent discovery of Iron Age burials (Pazyryk culture) in the Altai Mountains of Mongolia may shed light on the mode and tempo of the generation of the current genetic east-west population admixture in Central Asia. Studies on ancient mitochondrial DNA of this region suggest that the Altai Mountains played the role of a geographical barrier between West and East Eurasian lineages until the beginning of the Iron Age. After the 7th century BC, coinciding with Scythian expansion across the Eurasian steppes, a gradual influx of East Eurasian sequences in Western steppes is detected. However, the underlying events behind the genetic admixture in Altai during the Iron Age are still unresolved: 1) whether it was a result of migratory events (eastward firstly, westward secondly), or 2) whether it was a result of a local demographic expansion in a 'contact zone' between European and East Asian people. In the present work, we analyzed the mitochondrial DNA lineages in human remains from Bronze and Iron Age burials of Mongolian Altai. Here we present support to the hypothesis that the gene pool of Iron Age inhabitants of Mongolian Altai was similar to that of western Iron Age Altaians (Russia and Kazakhstan). Thus, this people not only shared the same culture (Pazyryk), but also shared the same genetic east-west population admixture. In turn, Pazyryks appear to have a similar gene pool that current Altaians. Our results further show that Iron Age Altaians displayed mitochondrial lineages already present around Altai region before the Iron Age. This would provide support for a demographic expansion of local people of Altai instead of westward or eastward migratory events, as the demographic event behind the high population genetic admixture and diversity in Central Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes González-Ruiz
- Unitat d’Antropologia Biològica, Dept. BABVE, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Santos
- Unitat d’Antropologia Biològica, Dept. BABVE, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Jordana
- Institut Català de Paleontologia Miquel Crusafont (ICP), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Simón
- Unitat d’Antropologia Biològica, Dept. BABVE, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Elena Gigli
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva, CSIC-UPF, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Pilar Aluja
- Unitat d’Antropologia Biològica, Dept. BABVE, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Assumpció Malgosa
- Unitat d’Antropologia Biològica, Dept. BABVE, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail:
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