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Zhang YQ, Zong XN, Wu HH, Li H. Secular changes in eruption of primary teeth in Chinese infants and young children from three national cross-sectional surveys. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8155. [PMID: 38589568 PMCID: PMC11002017 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59044-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The eruption of primary teeth is a basic event during physical development of children, which is affected by heredity and environment. This study aimed to analyze the changes in primary teeth eruption among Chinese children with social development. A total of 249,264 healthy children under 2 years were extracted from the 1995, 2005, and 2015 National Survey on the Physical Growth and Development of Children in Nine Cities of China. Their primary teeth were examined and percentiles of primary teeth eruption age were calculated by probit analysis. The median primary teeth eruption age were 6.8 months, 6.7 months, 6.6 months in 1995, 2005 and 2015. Primary teeth eruption age of boys was 0.2 months, 0.3 months, 0.3 months earlier than that of girls in 1995, 2005 and 2015. Primary teeth eruption age was the earliest in children from northern region and was the latest in children from southern region, and this regional difference did not change over time. These findings suggest that primary teeth eruption age slightly advanced with social development, and their gender difference and regional difference have always existed, which supplied some data for understanding the secular trend of primary teeth development in stomatology, pediatrics, anthropology, and other related fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Qin Zhang
- Department of Growth and Development, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Xin-Nan Zong
- Department of Growth and Development, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Hua-Hong Wu
- Department of Growth and Development, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Growth and Development, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China.
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Reis CLB, Barbosa MCF, Henklein S, Madalena IR, de Lima DC, Oliveira MAHM, Küchler EC, de Oliveira DSB. Nutritional Status is Associated with Permanent Tooth Eruption in a Group of Brazilian School Children. Glob Pediatr Health 2021; 8:2333794X211034088. [PMID: 34350311 PMCID: PMC8295946 DOI: 10.1177/2333794x211034088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the association between nutritional status with delayed tooth eruption (DTE). Oral examination was performed in schoolchildren (8-11 years old), and DTE was defined by absence of dental gingival emergence or when primary tooth was still present in the oral cavity after the expected time. BMI z-score of each child were collected and nutritional status was defined. Chi-square test and binary logistic regression adjusted by age and gender were performed. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI) were calculated. The established alpha was 5%. Among 353 included children, 247 were classified as eutrophic, 16 as underweight, 64 as overweight, and 26 as obese. Underweight was associated as a risk factor to DTE (P = .014; OR = 3.5; 95% CI = 1.3-9.8), and underweight girls had more chance to present DTE than eutrophic girls (P = .048; OR = 4.4; 95% CI = 1.1-17.2) in chi square test. In logistic regression, underweight was associated as a risk factor to DTE (OR = 4.21; CI 95% = 1.42-12.43; P = .009). Underweight children have a higher risk of DTE in permanents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caio L B Reis
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Mariane C F Barbosa
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Suelyn Henklein
- Department of Dentistry, University of the Region of Joinville-Univille, Joinville, Brazil
| | - Isabela R Madalena
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Daniela C de Lima
- Department of Clinic and Surgery, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Maria A H M Oliveira
- Department Master's Program of Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Uberaba-UNIUBE, Uberaba, Brazil
| | - Erika C Küchler
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Daniela S B de Oliveira
- Department of Clinic and Surgery, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil
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Silveira ERD, Cademartori MG, Ardenghi TM, Silveira MF, Barros FC, Azevedo MS, Demarco FF. Wich factors influencing the number of teeth at 12 months of age: a birth cohort study. Braz Oral Res 2021; 35:e059. [PMID: 34076186 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2021.vol35.0059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to verify, through a longitudinal follow-up, the pre-, peri- and postnatal factors associated with the eruption of deciduous teeth. The study was nested in a Birth Cohort Study conducted in Pelotas, a Southern Brazilian city. Mothers were followed prenatally and their children were followed-up perinatally, at 3 and 12 months of age. The outcome was the number of teeth at 12 months, and exploratory variables included maternal habits and characteristics, anthropometric measures of children and mothers, and socioeconomic and demographic information. Data were collected through interviews with the mother and children's clinical exam. Poisson regression models were used for the analysis. Participants included 4,014 children with a mean number of erupted teeth at 12 months of 5.50. After adjustments, a lower mean number of teeth was observed in children from non-white mothers, early preterm children, and shorter children at birth and at 12 months. A higher number of teeth was observed for mothers with excessive weight gain during pregnancy, mothers who smoked during pregnancy, weightier children at birth and at 12 months, and for children with larger heads at birth and at 12 months. Our findings suggest that maternal and children characteristics influenced primary tooth eruption.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Thiago Machado Ardenghi
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, Dental School, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Fernando Celso Barros
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, Medical School, Department of Epidemiology, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Marina Sousa Azevedo
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, Dental School, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Flávio Fernando Demarco
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, Dental School, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
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Shivakumar B, Arunakshi, Niveditha, Shivaprasad, Manjuprasad. Validation of demirjian's 8-teeth method of age estimation in the population of Bengaluru. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2021; 25:499-502. [PMID: 35281153 PMCID: PMC8859581 DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_330_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Demirjian's method of dental age assessment estimates the overall dental age by scoring based on the stage of tooth formation, using panoramic radiographs. This method was primarily based on data acquired from individuals of French-Canadian origin. It has since been applied and modified for the Indian population. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to assess the reliability of the Indian formula in the population of Bengaluru. Materials and Methods: Dental maturity of 297 subjects between 9 and 17 years was assessed using the India-specific formula of Demirjian et al.'s 8-teeth method and the chronological age of each subject was calculated. Pearson's correlation, Independent student test/Mann–Whitney test and Chi-square test were used for statistical analysis of the results obtained. Results and Discussion: A very strong correlation (P < 0.001) between the chronological and estimated age by Demirjian's method was obtained. The mean absolute error among the total samples was not significant and majority of the error in the estimated age was <1 year in males and females, indicating that the India specific formula gave nearly accurate estimation of the chronological age of the sample subjects. Conclusion: Demirjian's Indian formula is relaible in the population of Bengaluru
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Mennella JA, Reiter A, Brewer B, Pohlig RT, Stallings VA, Trabulsi JC. Early Weight Gain Forecasts Accelerated Eruption of Deciduous Teeth and Later Overweight Status during the First Year. J Pediatr 2020; 225:174-181.e2. [PMID: 32553836 PMCID: PMC7529945 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine whether early diet and weight gain velocity have independent or interactive effects on deciduous teeth emergence and overweight status during the first year. STUDY DESIGN Monthly measures of anthropometry and teeth eruption were collected during a 1-year trial (0.5-12.5 months) on formula-fed infants in which the type of randomized infant formula (cow milk or extensively hydrolyzed protein) diet significantly affected early (0.5-4.5 months) weight gain velocity. Generalized linear mixed models determined whether early diet and weight gain velocity had independent or interactive effects on timing and pattern of teeth eruption. Data from a trial on breastfed infants were used to explore effects of breast milk vs infant formula diets on teeth eruption and overweight status at 10.5 months. RESULTS Independent of infant formula diet, velocities of weight gain had direct effects on the age of first deciduous tooth (P < .04) and number of erupted teeth over time (P < .002). Greater velocity of weight gain from 0.5 to 4.5 months caused earlier and more frequent eruption of deciduous teeth from 4.5 to 12.5 months. Exploratory follow-up analyses on the breastfed and formula-fed diet groups found early weight gain velocity (P = .001), but not diet or its interaction, had significant effects. Infants in the upper quartile for weight gain velocity had more primary teeth (P = .002), and a greater proportion of them were overweight (P < .001) at 10.5 months. CONCLUSIONS Faster weight gain accretion forecasted accelerated primary teeth eruption and increased percentage of children who were overweight-risk factors for dental caries and obesity. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.govNCT01700205 [2012-2015] and NCT01667549 [2012-2015].
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Virginia A. Stallings
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Philadelphia, PA
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Erwansyah E, Mudjari S, Akbar FH, Rustam A. Relationship Between Body Mass Index and Dental Age in 8-15-Year-Old Orthodontic Patients. PESQUISA BRASILEIRA EM ODONTOPEDIATRIA E CLÍNICA INTEGRADA 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/pboci.2020.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Hackman JV, Hruschka DJ. Disentangling basal and accrued height‐for‐age for cross‐population comparisons. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2019; 171:481-495. [DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.23990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel J. Hruschka
- School of Human Evolution and Social Change Arizona State University Tempe Arizona
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Vahdat G, Zarabadipour M, Fallahzadeh F, Khani R. Factors influencing eruption time of first deciduous tooth. JOURNAL OF ORAL RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.17126/joralres.2019.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Deciduous teeth play an important role in proper growth. Tooth eruption is a complicated process in which different mechanisms are involved. Early or delayed tooth eruption depends on different factors, with the impact of some already established. There are apparent controversy regarding the effect of some factors on time of the first deciduous tooth eruption among the conducted studies. The current study aimed to evaluate factors affecting the time of the first deciduous tooth eruption. Materials and Methods: One hundred and sixty eligible infants referring to the healthcare centers of Tabriz, Iran, were randomly selected; the demographic data including weight and height at birth, head circumference, mother’s age and level of education, birth rank in the family and type of feeding were recorded, in addition to the time of the first deciduous tooth eruption. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21 by ANOVA and t test.Results: Out of 54.1% female and 45.9% male participating infants, 78.3% had normal weight at birth. Results showed a significant relationship between weight at birth and timing of the first deciduous tooth eruption, among the evaluated factors. Conclusions: Although no significant relationship was observed between gender, type of feeding, mother’s level of education and birth rank in the family, and time of the first deciduous tooth eruption, there was a significant relationship between the weight at birth and the timing of the first deciduous tooth eruption. Infants with higher or lower abnormal weight at birth had delayed deciduous tooth eruption.
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Wu H, Chen T, Ma Q, Xu X, Xie K, Chen Y. Associations of maternal, perinatal and postnatal factors with the eruption timing of the first primary tooth. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2645. [PMID: 30804498 PMCID: PMC6390108 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39572-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We recruited 1296 mothers in their first trimester from the Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University between May 2014 and September 2015 to investigate the associations of maternal, perinatal and postnatal factors with the eruption timing of the first primary tooth (ETFPT) in a Chinese population. We collected maternal demographic information and clinical data during the perinatal and postnatal period, and oral examinations of the infants were performed by a doctor at 6, 9 and 12 months of age. Multiple regression analysis was used to identify significant explanatory variables for ETFPT. The mean age at eruption of the first primary tooth for all the infants was 6.82 ± 1.90 months. After adjustment for confounders, higher maternal childbearing age (β = 0.57; 95%CI = 0.13–1.02), female sex (β = 0.26; 95%CI = 0.07–0.52), and low birth weight (β = 0.98; 95%CI = 0.20–1.76) were significantly associated with delayed eruption of the first primary tooth, while macrosomia (β = −0.79; 95%CI = −1.30–−0.28) was significantly associated with earlier eruption of the first primary tooth. Maternal childbearing age, infant sex and infant birth weight were significant determinants of ETFPT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaying Wu
- Department of Polyclinics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.,Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, The Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Qian Ma
- Department of Polyclinics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Xiangqin Xu
- Department of Polyclinics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.,Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Kaipeng Xie
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, The Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, 210004, China. .,Department of Women Health Care, The Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, 210004, China. .,State key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, The Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, 210004, China.
| | - Yaming Chen
- Department of Polyclinics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
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Shaweesh AI, Al-Batayneh OB. Association of weight and height with timing of deciduous tooth emergence. Arch Oral Biol 2018; 87:168-171. [PMID: 29304424 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to associate weight and height with the timing of deciduous tooth emergence. METHODS 1756 children, aged from 1 to 33 months (755 females and 1001 males) had been previously examined for the timing of deciduous tooth emergence and their weights and heights measured. Children were categorized into weight and height groups (underweight, normal, overweight, short stature, normal and tall stature). Probit regression analysis was used to calculate the ages at emergence of each deciduous tooth. Tooth emergence ages were compared pairwise across the weight and height groups. RESULTS The deciduous dentition emerged between 7.9-31.5, 7.8-29.6 and 6.3-26.5 months in the underweight, normal and overweight children, respectively. In the height groups, the ranges were 9.0-31.3, 7.4-27.0 and 6.7-24.3 in the short, normal and tall children, respectively. The extremes of weight and height were related to the times at deciduous tooth emergence where a substantial increase in weight or height was associated with earlier emergence, and vice versa. However, only canines, lateral incisors and upper central incisor showed statistically significant association with weight and none of the teeth exhibited statistically significant association with height. Moreover, no emergence sequence change was associated with weight and height. CONCLUSIONS The present study provides the first weight and height- specific data on the timing of deciduous tooth emergence. Although both weight and height are generally associated with the timing of deciduous tooth emergence, weight shows a stronger association for canines, lateral incisors and upper central incisor. The findings will aid assessing normal emergence timing in children with variant weights and heights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf I Shaweesh
- School of Dentistry and Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, 2678, Australia; Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, PO Box 3030, Ramtha, Irbid, 22110, Jordan.
| | - Ola B Al-Batayneh
- Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, PO Box 3030, Ramtha, Irbid, 22110, Jordan.
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DuPlessis EA, Araujo EA, Behrents RG, Kim KB. Relationship between body mass and dental and skeletal development in children and adolescents. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2017; 150:268-73. [PMID: 27476359 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2015.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Revised: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether a relationship exists between body mass and dental and skeletal development in children and adolescents. A sample of 197 orthodontic patients (82 boys, 115 girls) was selected. Ethnicity was recorded, and body mass index (BMI) was calculated according to the standard equation from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and then a BMI percentile according to sex and age was obtained. The panoramic radiographs were used to calculate the dental ages with an index. The chronologic ages were subtracted from the calculated dental ages to determine a "dental age difference" for each subject. The lateral cephalogram radiographs were analyzed for skeletal development using the cervical vertebral maturation stage method. RESULTS The white population (60%) had an average BMI percentile of 53.6 and was statistically different from the Hispanic/black population (40%), which had an average percentile of 64.3. There were no significant differences for boys and girls for the BMI percentile and dental age difference, or for the BMI percentile and cervical vertebral stages. The multiple regression model showed that BMI percentile and ethnicity were statistically significant explanatory variables for the dental age difference. CONCLUSIONS A relationship exists between body mass and dental and skeletal development. BMI percentile, dental age difference, and cervical vertebral stage are weakly correlated. No significant differences existed between boys and girls in any variables. BMI percentile and ethnicity are weak predictors of the discrepancy between dental age and chronologic age.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eustaquio A Araujo
- Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Saint Louis University, St Louis, Mo
| | - Rolf G Behrents
- Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Saint Louis University, St Louis, Mo
| | - Ki Beom Kim
- Associate professor, Department of Orthodontics, St Louis University, Saint Louis, Mo.
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Riga A, Belcastro MG, Moggi-Cecchi J. Environmental stress increases variability in the expression of dental cusps. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2013; 153:397-407. [DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.22438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2013] [Accepted: 11/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Riga
- Department of Biological; Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna; 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Maria Giovanna Belcastro
- Department of Biological; Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna; 40126 Bologna Italy
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Elamin F, Liversidge HM. Malnutrition has no effect on the timing of human tooth formation. PLoS One 2013; 8:e72274. [PMID: 24023614 PMCID: PMC3758289 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of nutrition on the timing of human tooth formation is poorly understood. Delays and advancements in dental maturation have all been reported as well as no effect. We investigated the effect of severe malnutrition on the timing of human tooth formation in a large representative sample of North Sudanese children. The sample (1102 males, 1013 females) consisted of stratified randomly selected healthy individuals in Khartoum, Sudan, aged 2-22 years using a cross-sectional design following the STROBE statement. Nutritional status was defined using WHO criteria of height and weight. Body mass index Z-scores and height for age Z-scores of ≤−2 (cut-off) were used to identify the malnourished group (N = 474) while the normal was defined by Z-scores of ≥0 (N = 799). Clinical and radiographic examination of individuals, with known ages of birth was performed including height and weight measurements. Mandibular left permanent teeth were assessed using eight crown and seven root established tooth formation stages. Mean age at entry and mean age within tooth stages were calculated for each available tooth stage in each group and compared using a t-test. Results show the mean age at entry and mean age within tooth stages were not significantly different between groups affected by severe malnutrition and normal children (p>0.05). This remarkable finding was evident across the span of dental development. We demonstrate that there is little measurable effect of sustained malnutrition on the average timing of tooth formation. This noteworthy finding supports the notion that teeth have substantial biological stability and are insulated from extreme nutritional conditions compared to other maturing body systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadil Elamin
- Queen Mary University of London, Institute of Dentistry, Bart’s and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, United Kingdom
- Khartoum Centre for Research and Medical Training, Qasr Street, Khartoum, Sudan
- El Razi Dental School, Elazhari 2, Khartoum, Sudan
- * E-mail:
| | - Helen M. Liversidge
- Queen Mary University of London, Institute of Dentistry, Bart’s and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, United Kingdom
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Ferraz-Pereira KN, Toscano AE, Manhães-de-Castro R. Effect of early undernutrition on masticatory morphophysiology: review of the literature. Arch Oral Biol 2013; 58:1735-43. [PMID: 23849324 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2013.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Revised: 06/03/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Certain periods of development of the nervous system are critically vulnerable to environmental insults because of the processes involved that cycle very quickly. Morphologic and functional development of mastication occurs coincidently during these stages. Early environmental insults during critical periods can cause permanent effects on both structures and functions of organic systems that can have lasting repercussions in adulthood. OBJECTIVE In this study, we investigated, through a literature review, the possible effects of perinatal calorie and/or protein low diet on structural and physiological development of mastication. DESIGN A systematic literature search was conducted from in the PUBMED electronic database. In collecting literature we used the keywords: "undernutrition" and "stomatognathic system". Criteria used in the selection of articles for inclusion were: studies evaluating the effects of perinatal calorie and/or protein low diet on masticatory morphology and function. Exclusion criteria included, short communications and nonavailability in full text format. CONCLUSION Undernutrition during critical periods of life causes changes in the key structures of masticatory function. This fact can affect the selection of essential nutrients, thereby interfering with the process of satiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- K N Ferraz-Pereira
- Federal University of Pernambuco, Department of Nutrition, Av. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, CEP: 50670-901 Recife, Brazil.
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