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Immel A, Pierini F, Rinne C, Meadows J, Barquera R, Szolek A, Susat J, Böhme L, Dose J, Bonczarowska J, Drummer C, Fuchs K, Ellinghaus D, Kässens JC, Furholt M, Kohlbacher O, Schade-Lindig S, Franke A, Schreiber S, Krause J, Müller J, Lenz TL, Nebel A, Krause-Kyora B. Genome-wide study of a Neolithic Wartberg grave community reveals distinct HLA variation and hunter-gatherer ancestry. Commun Biol 2021; 4:113. [PMID: 33495542 PMCID: PMC7835224 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-01627-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The Wartberg culture (WBC, 3500-2800 BCE) dates to the Late Neolithic period, a time of important demographic and cultural transformations in western Europe. We performed genome-wide analyses of 42 individuals who were interred in a WBC collective burial in Niedertiefenbach, Germany (3300-3200 cal. BCE). The results showed that the farming population of Niedertiefenbach carried a surprisingly large hunter-gatherer ancestry component (34–58%). This component was most likely introduced during the cultural transformation that led to the WBC. In addition, the Niedertiefenbach individuals exhibited a distinct human leukocyte antigen gene pool, possibly reflecting an immune response that was geared towards detecting viral infections. Alexander Immel et al. performed genome-wide analyses of 42 individuals from a collective burial in Niedertiefenbach, Germany from the Wartberg Culture. The authors find that this population had a large hunter-gatherer ancestry component and a distinct HLA pool, which indicates immune defenses against viral pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Immel
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Rosalind-Franklin-Strasse 12, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Federica Pierini
- Research Group for Evolutionary Immunogenomics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, August-Thienemann-Strasse 2, 24306, Plön, Germany
| | - Christoph Rinne
- Institute of Pre- and Protohistoric Archaeology, Kiel University, Johanna-Mestorf-Strasse 2-6, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - John Meadows
- Leibniz Laboratory for AMS Dating and Isotope Research, Kiel University, Max-Eyth-Strasse 11-13, 24118, Kiel, Germany.,Centre for Baltic and Scandinavian Archaeology (ZBSA), Schloss Gottorf, 24837, Schleswig, Germany
| | - Rodrigo Barquera
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Khalaische Strasse 10, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - András Szolek
- Applied Bioinformatics, Department for Computer Science, University of Tübingen, Sand 14, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Julian Susat
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Rosalind-Franklin-Strasse 12, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Lisa Böhme
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Rosalind-Franklin-Strasse 12, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Janina Dose
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Rosalind-Franklin-Strasse 12, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Joanna Bonczarowska
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Rosalind-Franklin-Strasse 12, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Clara Drummer
- Institute of Pre- and Protohistoric Archaeology, Kiel University, Johanna-Mestorf-Strasse 2-6, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Katharina Fuchs
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Rosalind-Franklin-Strasse 12, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - David Ellinghaus
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Rosalind-Franklin-Strasse 12, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jan Christian Kässens
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Rosalind-Franklin-Strasse 12, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Martin Furholt
- Department of Archaeology, Conservation and History, University of Oslo, Blindernveien 11, 0371, Oslo, Norway
| | - Oliver Kohlbacher
- Applied Bioinformatics, Department for Computer Science, University of Tübingen, Sand 14, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.,Institute for Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics, University of Tübingen, Sand 14, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.,Institute for Translational Bioinformatics, University Hospital Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Strasse 9, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.,Biomolecular Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Max-Planck-Ring 5, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sabine Schade-Lindig
- Landesamt für Denkmalpflege Hessen, hessenARCHÄOLOGIE, Schloss Biebrich, 65203, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Rosalind-Franklin-Strasse 12, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Stefan Schreiber
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Rosalind-Franklin-Strasse 12, 24105, Kiel, Germany.,Department of General Internal Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel University, Rosalind-Franklin-Strasse 12, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Johannes Krause
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Khalaische Strasse 10, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Johannes Müller
- Institute of Pre- and Protohistoric Archaeology, Kiel University, Johanna-Mestorf-Strasse 2-6, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Tobias L Lenz
- Research Group for Evolutionary Immunogenomics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, August-Thienemann-Strasse 2, 24306, Plön, Germany
| | - Almut Nebel
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Rosalind-Franklin-Strasse 12, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ben Krause-Kyora
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Rosalind-Franklin-Strasse 12, 24105, Kiel, Germany.
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Toncala A, Trautmann B, Velte M, Kropf E, McGlynn G, Peters J, Harbeck M. On the premises of mixing models to define local bioavailable 87Sr/ 86Sr ranges in archaeological contexts. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 745:140902. [PMID: 32717600 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In archaeological mobility studies, non-local humans and animals can be identified by means of stable strontium isotope analysis. However, defining the range of local 87Sr/86Sr ratios is prerequisite. To achieve this goal, proxy-based mixing models have recently been proposed using 87Sr/86Sr ratios measured in modern local vegetation, water and soil samples. Our study complements earlier efforts by introducing archaeological animal bones as an additional proxy. We then evaluate the different modelling approaches by contrasting proxy-results generated for the county of Erding (Upper Bavaria, Germany) with a comprehensive set of strontium measurements obtained from tooth enamel of late antique and early medieval human individuals (n = 49) from the same micro-region. We conclude that current mixing models based on environmental proxies clearly underestimate the locally bioavailable 87Sr/86Sr ratios due to the limited sample size of modern environmental specimens and a suit of imponderables inherent to efforts modelling complex geobiological processes. In sum, currently available mixing models are deemed inadequate and can therefore not be recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Toncala
- SNSB, State Collection for Anthropology and Palaeoanatomy, Karolinenplatz 2a, 80333 Munich, Germany.
| | - Bernd Trautmann
- SNSB, State Collection for Anthropology and Palaeoanatomy, Karolinenplatz 2a, 80333 Munich, Germany
| | - Maren Velte
- SNSB, State Collection for Anthropology and Palaeoanatomy, Karolinenplatz 2a, 80333 Munich, Germany
| | - Eva Kropf
- SNSB, State Collection for Anthropology and Palaeoanatomy, Karolinenplatz 2a, 80333 Munich, Germany
| | - George McGlynn
- SNSB, State Collection for Anthropology and Palaeoanatomy, Karolinenplatz 2a, 80333 Munich, Germany
| | - Joris Peters
- SNSB, State Collection for Anthropology and Palaeoanatomy, Karolinenplatz 2a, 80333 Munich, Germany; Department of Veterinary Sciences, Institute of Paleoanatomy, Domestication Research and the History of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Kaulbachstr. 37 III, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Michaela Harbeck
- SNSB, State Collection for Anthropology and Palaeoanatomy, Karolinenplatz 2a, 80333 Munich, Germany
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Beau A, Rivollat M, Réveillas H, Pemonge MH, Mendisco F, Thomas Y, Lefranc P, Deguilloux MF. Multi-scale ancient DNA analyses confirm the western origin of Michelsberg farmers and document probable practices of human sacrifice. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0179742. [PMID: 28678860 PMCID: PMC5497962 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In Europe, the Middle Neolithic is characterized by an important diversification of cultures. In northeastern France, the appearance of the Michelsberg culture has been correlated with major cultural changes and interpreted as the result of the settlement of new groups originating from the Paris Basin. This cultural transition has been accompanied by the expansion of particular funerary practices involving inhumations within circular pits and individuals in “non-conventional” positions (deposited in the pits without any particular treatment). If the status of such individuals has been highly debated, the sacrifice hypothesis has been retained for the site of Gougenheim (Alsace). At the regional level, the analysis of the Gougenheim mitochondrial gene pool (SNPs and HVR-I sequence analyses) permitted us to highlight a major genetic break associated with the emergence of the Michelsberg in the region. This genetic discontinuity appeared to be linked to new affinities with farmers from the Paris Basin, correlated to a noticeable hunter-gatherer legacy. All of the evidence gathered supports (i) the occidental origin of the Michelsberg groups and (ii) the potential implication of this migration in the progression of the hunter-gatherer legacy from the Paris Basin to Alsace / Western Germany at the beginning of the Late Neolithic. At the local level, we noted some differences in the maternal gene pool of individuals in "conventional" vs. "non-conventional" positions. The relative genetic isolation of these sub-groups nicely echoes both their social distinction and the hypothesis of sacrifices retained for the site. Our investigation demonstrates that a multi-scale aDNA study of ancient communities offers a unique opportunity to disentangle the complex relationships between cultural and biological evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Beau
- De la Préhistoire à l’Actuel, Culture, Environnement, Anthropologie—UMR 5199, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Allée Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, CS, Pessac cedex, France
| | - Maïté Rivollat
- De la Préhistoire à l’Actuel, Culture, Environnement, Anthropologie—UMR 5199, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Allée Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, CS, Pessac cedex, France
- * E-mail: (MR); (PL)
| | - Hélène Réveillas
- De la Préhistoire à l’Actuel, Culture, Environnement, Anthropologie—UMR 5199, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Allée Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, CS, Pessac cedex, France
- Centre d’Archéologie Préventive de Bordeaux Métropole, Direction des Bâtiments et Moyens, Esplanade Charles-de-Gaulle, Bordeaux cedex, France
- Institut National de Recherche en Archéologie Préventive, Centre Archéologique de Strasbourg, 10 rue d’Altkirch, Strasbourg, France
| | - Marie-Hélène Pemonge
- De la Préhistoire à l’Actuel, Culture, Environnement, Anthropologie—UMR 5199, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Allée Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, CS, Pessac cedex, France
| | - Fanny Mendisco
- De la Préhistoire à l’Actuel, Culture, Environnement, Anthropologie—UMR 5199, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Allée Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, CS, Pessac cedex, France
| | - Yohann Thomas
- Institut National de Recherche en Archéologie Préventive, Centre Archéologique de Strasbourg, 10 rue d’Altkirch, Strasbourg, France
| | - Philippe Lefranc
- Institut National de Recherche en Archéologie Préventive, Centre Archéologique de Strasbourg, 10 rue d’Altkirch, Strasbourg, France
- Archéologie et Histoire Ancienne: Méditerranée/Europe–UMR 7044, Université de Strasbourg, Maison Interuniversitaire des Sciences de l’Homme d’Alsace, 5 Allée du Général Rouvillois, CS, Strasbourg cedex, France
- * E-mail: (MR); (PL)
| | - Marie-France Deguilloux
- De la Préhistoire à l’Actuel, Culture, Environnement, Anthropologie—UMR 5199, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Allée Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, CS, Pessac cedex, France
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Nikitin AG, Ivanova S, Kiosak D, Badgerow J, Pashnick J. Subdivisions of haplogroups U and C encompass mitochondrial DNA lineages of Eneolithic-Early Bronze Age Kurgan populations of western North Pontic steppe. J Hum Genet 2017; 62:605-613. [PMID: 28148921 DOI: 10.1038/jhg.2017.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Prehistoric Europe experienced a marked cultural and economic shift around 4000 years ago, when the established Neolithic agriculture-based economy was replaced by herding-pastoralist industry. In recent years new data about the genetic structure of human communities living during this transition period began to emerge. At the same time, the genetic identities of the Eneolithic and Early Bronze Age (EBA) inhabitants from a prehistoric cultural crossroad in western North Pontic steppe region remain understudied. This report presents results of the investigation of maternal genetic lineages of individuals buried in kurgans constructed during the Eneolithic-EBA transition in the western part of the North Pontic Region (NPR). Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) lineages from the interments belonging to the Eneolithic as well as the EBA cultures such as Yamna (Pit Grave), Catacomb and Babino (Mnogovalikovaya or KMK) were examined. In the 12 successfully haplotyped specimens, 75% of mtDNA lineages consisted of west Eurasian haplogroup U and its U4 and U5 sublineages. Furthermore, we identified a subgroup of east Eurasian haplogroup C in two representatives of the Yamna culture in one of the studied kurgans. Our results indicate the persistence of Mesolithic hunter-gatherer mtDNA lineages in western NPR through the EBA, as well as suggesting a mtDNA lineage continuum connecting the western NPR inhabitants of the Early Metal Ages to the North Pontic Neolithic population groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey G Nikitin
- Biology Department, Grand Valley State University, Allendale, MI, USA
| | - Svetlana Ivanova
- Institute of Archaeology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Odessa, Ukraine
| | - Dmytro Kiosak
- I.I. Mechnikov Odessa National University, Odessa, Ukraine
| | - Jessica Badgerow
- Biology Department, Grand Valley State University, Allendale, MI, USA
| | - Jeff Pashnick
- Biology Department, Grand Valley State University, Allendale, MI, USA
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