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Mérignac-Lacombe J, Kornbausch N, Sivarajan R, Boichot V, Berg K, Oberwinkler H, Saliba AE, Loos HM, Ehret Kasemo T, Scherzad A, Bodem J, Buettner A, Neiers F, Erhard F, Hackenberg S, Heydel JM, Steinke M. Characterization of a Human Respiratory Mucosa Model to Study Odorant Metabolism. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:12696-12706. [PMID: 38775624 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Nasal xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes (XMEs) are important for the sense of smell because they influence odorant availability and quality. Since the major part of the human nasal cavity is lined by a respiratory mucosa, we hypothesized that this tissue contributed to nasal odorant metabolism through XME activity. Thus, we built human respiratory tissue models and characterized the XME profiles using single-cell RNA sequencing. We focused on the XMEs dicarbonyl and l-xylulose reductase, aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) 1A1, and ALDH3A1, which play a role in food odorant metabolism. We demonstrated protein abundance and localization in the tissue models and showed the metabolic activity of the corresponding enzyme families by exposing the models to the odorants 3,4-hexandione and benzaldehyde. Using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, we observed, for example, a significantly higher formation of the corresponding metabolites 4-hydroxy-3-hexanone (39.03 ± 1.5%, p = 0.0022), benzyl alcohol (10.05 ± 0.88%, p = 0.0008), and benzoic acid (8.49 ± 0.57%, p = 0.0004) in odorant-treated tissue models compared to untreated controls (0 ± 0, 0.12 ± 0.12, and 0.18 ± 0.18%, respectively). This is the first study that reveals the XME profile of tissue-engineered human respiratory mucosa models and demonstrates their suitability to study nasal odorant metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne Mérignac-Lacombe
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne, 9 E bd Jeanne d'Arc, 21000 Dijon, France
- Chair of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Röntgenring 11, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Nicole Kornbausch
- Chair of Aroma and Smell Research, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestraße 9, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rinu Sivarajan
- Chair of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Röntgenring 11, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Valentin Boichot
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne, 9 E bd Jeanne d'Arc, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Kevin Berg
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, Versbacher Str. 7, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
- Faculty for Informatics and Data Science, University of Regensburg, Bajuwarenstraße 4, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Heike Oberwinkler
- Chair of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Röntgenring 11, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Antoine-Emmanuel Saliba
- Helmholtz Institute for RNA-based Infection Research, Helmholtz-Center for Infection Research (HZI), Josef-Schneider-Straße 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Infection Biology, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Helene M Loos
- Chair of Aroma and Smell Research, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestraße 9, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging IVV, Giggenhauser Str. 35, 85354 Freising, Germany
- FAU Research Center "New Bioactive Compounds", Schlossplatz 4, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Totta Ehret Kasemo
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Straße 11, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Agmal Scherzad
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Straße 11, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jochen Bodem
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, Versbacher Str. 7, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Buettner
- Chair of Aroma and Smell Research, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestraße 9, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging IVV, Giggenhauser Str. 35, 85354 Freising, Germany
- FAU Research Center "New Bioactive Compounds", Schlossplatz 4, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Fabrice Neiers
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne, 9 E bd Jeanne d'Arc, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Florian Erhard
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, Versbacher Str. 7, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
- Faculty for Informatics and Data Science, University of Regensburg, Bajuwarenstraße 4, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Hackenberg
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Straße 11, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jean-Marie Heydel
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne, 9 E bd Jeanne d'Arc, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Maria Steinke
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Straße 11, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC, Röntgenring 12, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
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2
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Chen Y, Zhang C, Huang Y, Ma Y, Song Q, Chen H, Jiang G, Gao X. Intranasal drug delivery: The interaction between nanoparticles and the nose-to-brain pathway. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 207:115196. [PMID: 38336090 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Intranasal delivery provides a direct and non-invasive method for drugs to reach the central nervous system. Nanoparticles play a crucial role as carriers in augmenting the efficacy of brain delivery. However, the interaction between nanoparticles and the nose-to-brain pathway and how the various biopharmaceutical factors affect brain delivery efficacy remains unclear. In this review, we comprehensively summarized the anatomical and physiological characteristics of the nose-to-brain pathway and the obstacles that hinder brain delivery. We then outlined the interaction between nanoparticles and this pathway and reviewed the biomedical applications of various nanoparticulate drug delivery systems for nose-to-brain drug delivery. This review aims at inspiring innovative approaches for enhancing the effectiveness of nose-to-brain drug delivery in the treatment of different brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoxing Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Chenyun Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yukun Huang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yuxiao Ma
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Qingxiang Song
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Hongzhuan Chen
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Biomedical Research, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Gan Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Xiaoling Gao
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China.
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3
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Kornbausch N, Mérignac-Lacombe J, Neiers F, Thomas-Danguin T, Heydel JM, Steinke M, Hackenberg S, Loos HM. Perspectives on Nasal Odorant Metabolism Research. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:16488-16492. [PMID: 37877768 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c04662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Olfaction is a multi-step process. At a peripheral level, nasal odorant metabolism contributes to olfaction via signal termination, variation, and regulation. We summarize current techniques used to investigate nasal odorant metabolism and give an outlook on future approaches, such as nasal tissue models and their potential contributions in future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Kornbausch
- Chair of Aroma and Smell Research, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jeanne Mérignac-Lacombe
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation (CSGA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement (INRAE), Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
- Chair of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Fabrice Neiers
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation (CSGA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement (INRAE), Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Thierry Thomas-Danguin
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation (CSGA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement (INRAE), Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Jean-Marie Heydel
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation (CSGA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement (INRAE), Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Maria Steinke
- Chair of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research (ISC), 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Hackenberg
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, University Clinic Wuerzburg, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Helene M Loos
- Chair of Aroma and Smell Research, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging (IVV), 85354 Freising, Germany
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4
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Boichot V, Menetrier F, Saliou JM, Lirussi F, Canon F, Folia M, Heydel JM, Hummel T, Menzel S, Steinke M, Hackenberg S, Schwartz M, Neiers F. Characterization of human oxidoreductases involved in aldehyde odorant metabolism. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4876. [PMID: 36966166 PMCID: PMC10039900 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31769-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidoreductases are major enzymes of xenobiotic metabolism. Consequently, they are essential in the chemoprotection of the human body. Many xenobiotic metabolism enzymes have been shown to be involved in chemosensory tissue protection. Among them, some were additionally shown to be involved in chemosensory perception, acting in signal termination as well as in the generation of metabolites that change the activation pattern of chemosensory receptors. Oxidoreductases, especially aldehyde dehydrogenases and aldo-keto reductases, are the first barrier against aldehyde compounds, which include numerous odorants. Using a mass spectrometry approach, we characterized the most highly expressed members of these families in the human nasal mucus sampled in the olfactory vicinity. Their expression was also demonstrated using immunohistochemistry in human epitheliums sampled in the olfactory vicinity. Recombinant enzymes corresponding to three highly expressed human oxidoreductases (ALDH1A1, ALDH3A1, AKR1B10) were used to demonstrate the high enzymatic activity of these enzymes toward aldehyde odorants. The structure‒function relationship set based on the enzymatic parameters characterization of a series of aldehyde odorant compounds was supported by the X-ray structure resolution of human ALDH3A1 in complex with octanal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin Boichot
- Flavour Perception: Molecular Mechanisms (Flavours), INRAE, CNRS, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Franck Menetrier
- Flavour Perception: Molecular Mechanisms (Flavours), INRAE, CNRS, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Jean-Michel Saliou
- CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UAR CNRS 2014-US Inserm 41-PLBS, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Frederic Lirussi
- UMR 1231, Lipides Nutrition Cancer, INSERM, 21000, Dijon, France
- UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000, Besançon, France
- Plateforme PACE, Laboratoire de Pharmacologie-Toxicologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Besançon, 25000, Besançon, France
| | - Francis Canon
- Flavour Perception: Molecular Mechanisms (Flavours), INRAE, CNRS, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Mireille Folia
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Dijon University Hospital, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Jean-Marie Heydel
- Flavour Perception: Molecular Mechanisms (Flavours), INRAE, CNRS, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Thomas Hummel
- Smell and Taste Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Susanne Menzel
- Smell and Taste Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Maria Steinke
- Chair of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Roentgenring 11, 97070, Wuerzburg, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC, Roentgenring 11, 97070, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Hackenberg
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Mathieu Schwartz
- Flavour Perception: Molecular Mechanisms (Flavours), INRAE, CNRS, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.
| | - Fabrice Neiers
- Flavour Perception: Molecular Mechanisms (Flavours), INRAE, CNRS, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.
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5
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Shirai T, Takase D, Yokoyama J, Nakanishi K, Uehara C, Saito N, Kato-Namba A, Yoshikawa K. Functions of human olfactory mucus and age-dependent changes. Sci Rep 2023; 13:971. [PMID: 36653421 PMCID: PMC9846672 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27937-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Odorants are detected by olfactory sensory neurons, which are covered by olfactory mucus. Despite the existence of studies on olfactory mucus, its constituents, functions, and interindividual variability remain poorly understood. Here, we describe a human study that combined the collection of olfactory mucus and olfactory psychophysical tests. Our analyses revealed that olfactory mucus contains high concentrations of solutes, such as total proteins, inorganic elements, and molecules for xenobiotic metabolism. The high concentrations result in a capacity to capture or metabolize a specific repertoire of odorants. We provide evidence that odorant metabolism modifies our sense of smell. Finally, the amount of olfactory mucus decreases in an age-dependent manner. A follow-up experiment recapitulated the importance of the amount of mucus in the sensitive detection of odorants by their receptors. These findings provide a comprehensive picture of the molecular processes in olfactory mucus and propose a potential cause of olfactory decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Shirai
- Sensory Science Research, Kao Corporation, 2606 Akabane, Ichikai-machi, Haga, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Dan Takase
- Sensory Science Research, Kao Corporation, 2606 Akabane, Ichikai-machi, Haga, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Junkichi Yokoyama
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Edogawa Hospital, 2-24-18 Higashikoiwa, Edogawa, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nadogaya Hospital, 2-1-1 Shinkashiwa, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kuniyuki Nakanishi
- Analytical Science Research, Kao Corporation, 1334 Minato, Wakayama, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Chisaki Uehara
- Sensory Science Research, Kao Corporation, 2606 Akabane, Ichikai-machi, Haga, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Naoko Saito
- Sensory Science Research, Kao Corporation, 2606 Akabane, Ichikai-machi, Haga, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Aya Kato-Namba
- Sensory Science Research, Kao Corporation, 2606 Akabane, Ichikai-machi, Haga, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Keiichi Yoshikawa
- Sensory Science Research, Kao Corporation, 2606 Akabane, Ichikai-machi, Haga, Tochigi, Japan.
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An odorant receptor that senses four classes of musk compounds. Curr Biol 2022; 32:5172-5179.e5. [PMID: 36370695 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Musk was originally identified in male musk deer and other mammals to mark territories and attract females. In humans, musk compounds are widely used in perfumes and consumer products for their superior perceptual odor quality.1,2,3,4,5 Strikingly diverse natural and synthetic chemicals have exhibited a similar "musky" odor, which has resulted in diverse models of musk odor perception and raises questions regarding the simplistic associations between chemical features and odor quality. Scientists' lack of understanding of this principle has hampered the design of a novel musk compound. Here, we functionally identified the odorant receptor, OR5A2, as a receptor for the musky odor of diverse musk compounds. First, we discovered that engineered OR5A2 with enhanced expression in heterologous cells is sensitive to and selective of musk compounds in all four structural classes. Second, the clarified functional variation of OR5A2 accounts for the reported association between genetic variation and perception in a musk compound. Finally, the revealed ligand selectivity of OR5A2 provides insight into developing a trained model to use machine learning-based virtual screening on candidates for a new musk compound. We propose that OR5A2 contributes to the long-sought gateway of sensing musk compounds and generating their unique odor quality.
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Study on the Suitability of Tea Cultivars for Processing Oolong Tea from the Perspective of Aroma Based on Olfactory Sensory, Electronic Nose, and GC-MS Data Correlation Analysis. Foods 2022; 11:foods11182880. [PMID: 36141008 PMCID: PMC9498329 DOI: 10.3390/foods11182880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The oolong tea aroma is shown to consist of cultivar aroma and technical aroma in this study based on the aroma differences between oolong tea products of cultivars of different suitability, as determined by correlation analysis of olfactory, sensory, electronic nose, and GC-MS data. Human senses were significantly affected by the aroma components, which included eight terpene metabolites (β-Ocimene, (Z)-Furan linalool oxide, linalool, (3E)-4,8-Dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene, (E)-Pyranoid linalool oxide, γ-Elemene, Humulene, (Z,E)-α-Farnesene), three carotenoid metabolites (β-Ionone, (Z)-Geranylacetone and 6-methyl-5-Hepten -2-one), three lipid metabolites ((Z)-3-Hexenyl (Z)-3-hexenoate, Butanoic acid hexyl ester, and (Z)-Jasmone), four amino acid metabolites (Methyl salicylate, Geranyl isovalerate, indole, and Phenylethyl alcohol), and six thermal reaction products (2-Pentylfuran, Octanal, Decanal, (E,E)-2,4-Nonadienal, (Z)-2-Decenal, and (E)-2-Undecenal). Meanwhile, several aroma compounds (such as (E)-Nerolidol and α-Farnesene), mainly comprising the “technical aroma” formed in the processing mode, were noted to be less closely related to cultivar suitability. This study sheds light on the aroma characteristics of different tea cultivars for oolong tea processing.
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Robert-Hazotte A, Faure P, Ménétrier F, Folia M, Schwartz M, Le Quéré JL, Neiers F, Thomas-Danguin T, Heydel JM. Nasal Odorant Competitive Metabolism Is Involved in the Human Olfactory Process. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:8385-8394. [PMID: 35776896 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c02720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Within the peripheral olfactory process, odorant metabolizing enzymes are involved in the active biotransformation of odorants, thus influencing the intensity and quality of the signal, but little evidence exists in humans. Here, we characterized the fast nasal metabolism of the food aroma pentane-2,3-dione in vivo and identified two resulting metabolites in the nasal-exhaled air, supporting the metabolizing role of the dicarbonyl/l-xylulose reductase. We showed in vitro, using the recombinant enzyme, that pentane-2,3-dione metabolism was inhibited by a second odorant (e.g., butanoic acid) according to an odorant-odorant competitive metabolic mechanism. Hypothesizing that such mechanism exists in vivo, pentane-2,3-dione, presented with a competitive odorant, both at subthreshold concentrations, was actually significantly perceived, suggesting an increase in its nasal availability. Our results, suggesting that odorant metabolizing enzymes can balance the relative detection of odorants in a mixture, in turn influencing the intensity of the signal, should be considered to better manage flavor perception in food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Robert-Hazotte
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, UMR 6265 CNRS/1324 INRA/Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 9 boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Philippe Faure
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, UMR 6265 CNRS/1324 INRA/Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 9 boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Franck Ménétrier
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, UMR 6265 CNRS/1324 INRA/Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 9 boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Mireille Folia
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, UMR 6265 CNRS/1324 INRA/Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 9 boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, F-21000 Dijon, France
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Dijon University Hospital, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Mathieu Schwartz
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, UMR 6265 CNRS/1324 INRA/Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 9 boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Jean-Luc Le Quéré
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, UMR 6265 CNRS/1324 INRA/Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 9 boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Fabrice Neiers
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, UMR 6265 CNRS/1324 INRA/Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 9 boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Thierry Thomas-Danguin
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, UMR 6265 CNRS/1324 INRA/Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 9 boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Jean-Marie Heydel
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, UMR 6265 CNRS/1324 INRA/Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 9 boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, F-21000 Dijon, France
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Olfactory Dysfunction in COVID-19: Pathology and Long-Term Implications for Brain Health. Trends Mol Med 2022; 28:781-794. [PMID: 35810128 PMCID: PMC9212891 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2022.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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10
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Kornbausch N, Debong MW, Buettner A, Heydel JM, Loos H. Odorant Metabolism in Humans. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202202866. [PMID: 35522818 PMCID: PMC9541901 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202202866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Odorants are relatively small molecules which are easily taken up and distributed in the human body. Despite their relevance in everyday life, however, only a limited amount of evidence about their metabolism, pathways, and bioactivities in the human body exists. With this Review, we aim to encourage future interdisciplinary research on the function and mechanisms of the biotransformation of odorants, involving different disciplines such as nutrition, medicine, biochemistry, chemistry, and sensory sciences. Starting with a general overview of the different ways of odorant uptake and enzymes involved in the metabolism of odorants, a more precise description of biotransformation processes and their function in the oral cavity, the nose, the lower respiratory tract (LRT), and the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is given together with an overview of the different routes of odorant excretion. Finally, perspectives for future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Kornbausch
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Chemistry and Pharmacy, GERMANY
| | - Marcel W Debong
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Chemistry and Pharmacy, GERMANY
| | - Andrea Buettner
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Chemistry and Pharmacy, GERMANY
| | - Jean-Marie Heydel
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation: Centre des Sciences du Gout et de l'Alimentation, Flavour perception: from molecule to behavior, FRANCE
| | - Helene Loos
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Henkestr. 9, 91054, Erlangen, GERMANY
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Kornbausch N, Debong MW, Buettner A, Heydel JM, Loos H. Odorant Metabolism in Humans. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202202866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Kornbausch
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Chemistry and Pharmacy GERMANY
| | - Marcel W. Debong
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Chemistry and Pharmacy GERMANY
| | - Andrea Buettner
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Chemistry and Pharmacy GERMANY
| | - Jean-Marie Heydel
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation: Centre des Sciences du Gout et de l'Alimentation Flavour perception: from molecule to behavior FRANCE
| | - Helene Loos
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Chemistry and Pharmacy Henkestr. 9 91054 Erlangen GERMANY
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