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Francavilla B, Velletrani G, Fiorelli D, Maurantonio S, Passali FM, Schirinzi T, Bernardini S, Di Girolamo S, Nuccetelli M. Circulating calprotectin as a potential biomarker of persistent olfactory dysfunctions in Post-COVID-19 patients. Cytokine 2024; 181:156688. [PMID: 38963942 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2024.156688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This longitudinal prospective study aims to investigate the potential of circulating calprotectin (cCLP) as a biomarker in persistent olfactory dysfunctions following COVID-19 infection. METHODS Thirty-six patients with persistent hyposmia or anosmia post COVID-19 were enrolled (HT0) and re-evaluated after three months of olfactory training (HT1). Two control groups included 18 subjects without olfactory defects post COVID-19 (CG1) and 18 healthy individuals (CG2). Nasal brushing of the olfactory cleft and blood collection were performed to assess circulating calprotectin levels. RESULTS Higher calprotectin levels were observed in serum and nasal supernatant of hyposmic patients (HT0) compared to control groups (CG1 and CG2). Post-olfactory training (HT1), olfactory function improved significantly, paralleled by decreased calprotectin levels in serum and nasal samples. Circulating calprotectin holds potential as a biomarker in persistent olfactory dysfunctions after COVID-19. The decrease in calprotectin levels post-olfactory training implies a role in monitoring and evaluating treatment responses. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS These findings contribute to the growing literature on potential biomarkers in post-COVID-19 olfactory dysfunctions and underscore the importance of investigating novel biomarkers for personalized patient management. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to validate the application of calprotectin assay in nasal diseases and its correlation with nasal cytology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Francavilla
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome 00133 Italy
| | - Gianluca Velletrani
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome 00133 Italy.
| | - Denise Fiorelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of "Tor Vergata", Rome 00133 Italy
| | - Sara Maurantonio
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome 00133 Italy
| | | | - Tommaso Schirinzi
- Department of Neurology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome 00133 Italy
| | - Sergio Bernardini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of "Tor Vergata", Rome 00133 Italy
| | - Stefano Di Girolamo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome 00133 Italy
| | - Marzia Nuccetelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of "Tor Vergata", Rome 00133 Italy
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Chen Y, Wang T, Gao R, Wang F. Effects of Metabolic Syndrome and its components on the postoperative recurrence in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps' patients. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 2024; 90:101371. [PMID: 38070374 PMCID: PMC10755715 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2023.101371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/01/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) has been established as a significant factor in the pathogenesis of numerous chronic inflammatory conditions. However, its role in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps (CRSwNP) is unknown. This study aims to investigate the association between MetS, its components, and the risk of postoperative recurrence in Chinese patients with CRSwNP. METHODS A retrospective cohort study was conducted on CRSwNP patients who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery in our hospital. Patients were divided into MetS and non-MetS groups, and the clinical characteristics and recurrence rates were compared. All CRSwNP patients were followed up for more than 2-years and further categorized into non-recurrent and recurrent groups. Binary logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the effects of MetS and its components on the risk of postoperative recurrence. RESULTS A total of 555 CRSwNP patients were enrolled in the present study, 157 patients were included in the MetS group and 398 patients were categorized into the non-MetS group. The recurrence rate in the MetS group was significantly higher compared to the non-MetS group (p < 0.05). The rate of MetS, overweight or obesity, hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia were higher in the recurrent group in comparison with the non-recurrent group (p < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis suggested that MetS, overweight or obesity, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and accompanying allergic rhinitis were associated with the risk of postoperative recurrence of CRSwNP (p < 0.05). Moreover, adjusted and unadjusted regression models showed that MetS was an independent risk factor for postoperative recurrence of CRSwNP, and the risk increased with more components of MetS included (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our findings revealed that MetS independently increased the risk of postoperative recurrence in patients with CRSwNP, with the risk escalating as the number of MetS components increased. Moreover, accompanying allergic rhinitis was also demonstrated to be a potential risk factor for CRSwNP recurrence. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- Central South University, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Changsha, China
| | - Tiansheng Wang
- Central South University, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Changsha, China
| | - Ru Gao
- Central South University, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Changsha, China
| | - Fengjun Wang
- Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Changsha, China; Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Critical Diseases, Changsha, China; Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China.
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Sima Y, Wang X, Zhang L. Interaction of eosinophilic and neutrophilic inflammation in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2024; 24:25-31. [PMID: 37966141 DOI: 10.1097/aci.0000000000000956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In the past year, the endotype of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) has been studied from a new perspective. Eosinophilic and neutrophilic inflammation are not independent processes in the pathogenesis of CRS. In this review, we will focus on recent research on mixed eosinophilic-neutrophilic inflammation in CRS and discuss the mechanism and potential treatments. RECENT FINDINGS Traditionally, patients with eosinophilic CRS (ECRS) present with severe clinical manifestations, comorbidities, and a higher recurrence rate. Recent studies have found that approximately 40% of patients with ECRS present with neutrophilic infiltration, while patients with predominantly eosinophilic infiltration along with neutrophilic inflammation present with more complex inflammation, clinical manifestations and exhibit refractory characteristics. SUMMARY The complex inflammatory profile and refractory clinical characteristics of mixed eosinophilic-neutrophilic inflammation in CRS are current challenges for clinicians. We summarize the features of eosinophilic and neutrophilic inflammation and current studies on the mechanisms of mixed eosinophilic-neutrophilic inflammation and suggest potentially effective therapeutic methods. We hope that this review will help with determining precise treatment options for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Sima
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University
- Beijing Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, Beijing Municipal Education Commission and Beijing Key Laboratory of Nasal Diseases, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology
| | - Xiangdong Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University
- Beijing Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, Beijing Municipal Education Commission and Beijing Key Laboratory of Nasal Diseases, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology
- Department of Allergy, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University
| | - Luo Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University
- Beijing Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, Beijing Municipal Education Commission and Beijing Key Laboratory of Nasal Diseases, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology
- Department of Allergy, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University
- Research Unit of Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Nasal Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Popoca-Hernández EA, Martínez-Martínez RE, González-Amaro RF, Niño-Moreno PDC, Ayala-Herrera JL, Jerezano-Domínguez AV, Espinosa-Cristóbal LF, Márquez-Corona MDL, Espinosa-de Santillana IA, Medina-Solís CE. Impact of Non-Surgical Periodontal Treatment on the Concentration and Level of MRP-8/14 (Calprotectin) as an Inflammatory Biomarker in Women with Periodontitis and Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Quasi-Experimental Study. Diseases 2024; 12:12. [PMID: 38248363 PMCID: PMC10814914 DOI: 10.3390/diseases12010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of non-surgical periodontal treatment (NS-PT) on periodontal parameters and inflammatory biomarkers in the concentration and level of calprotectin (CLP) in women with periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this quasi-experimental study, we evaluated 30 women (mean age: 52.0 ± 5.8 years) with periodontitis and RA who had been diagnosed and treated for RA for more than 3 years and whose activity markers remained at similar values without significant reduction over three consecutive months. Patients underwent NS-PT, which included plaque control, scaling, and root planing. Serum and saliva samples, periodontal indices, RA activity markers, Disease Activity Score-28 (DAS28), the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and the C-reactive protein (CRP) and CLP contents were measured at the beginning of the study and 6 and 12 weeks after NS-PT. Parametric and nonparametric tests were used in the analysis. The mean age was 52.0 ± 5.8 years. Compared to the baseline results, all periodontal indices were significantly reduced 6 and 12 weeks after NS-PT (p < 0.001). DAS28 was also significantly reduced after 12 weeks (p < 0.0001). Similarly, the serum CLP concentration decreased 6 and 12 weeks after NS-PT (p < 0.0001). Of the patients, 100% presented lower levels of CRP and ESR (p < 0.0001). Overall, NS-PT reduced inflammation and disease activity, highlighting the importance of oral health in the control and treatment of systemic diseases such as RA and confirming that NS-PT effectively reduces periodontitis activity and plays a key role in modulating RA activity. Therefore, NS-PT should be considered as an adjunct treatment for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Aurora Popoca-Hernández
- Doctoral Program in Basic Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi 78210, Mexico;
- Master Program in Advanced Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico
| | - Rita Elizabeth Martínez-Martínez
- Master Program in Advanced Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico
| | - Roberto Fidencio González-Amaro
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi 78210, Mexico;
- Center of Research in Health Sciences and Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi 78210, Mexico;
| | - Perla del Carmen Niño-Moreno
- Center of Research in Health Sciences and Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi 78210, Mexico;
| | | | | | - Leon Francisco Espinosa-Cristóbal
- Master Program in Dental Sciences, Stomatology Department, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Autonomous University of Juarez City, Ciudad Juárez 32310, Mexico;
| | - María de Lourdes Márquez-Corona
- Academic Area of Dentistry, Health Sciences Institute, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, Pachuca 42160, Mexico; (M.d.L.M.-C.); (C.E.M.-S.)
| | | | - Carlo Eduardo Medina-Solís
- Academic Area of Dentistry, Health Sciences Institute, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, Pachuca 42160, Mexico; (M.d.L.M.-C.); (C.E.M.-S.)
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Shen K, Zhang M, Zhao R, Li Y, Li C, Hou X, Sun B, Liu B, Xiang M, Lin J. Eosinophil extracellular traps in asthma: implications for pathogenesis and therapy. Respir Res 2023; 24:231. [PMID: 37752512 PMCID: PMC10523707 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02504-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a common, chronic inflammatory disease of the airways that affects millions of people worldwide and is associated with significant healthcare costs. Eosinophils, a type of immune cell, play a critical role in the development and progression of asthma. Eosinophil extracellular traps (EETs) are reticular structures composed of DNA, histones, and granulins that eosinophils form and release into the extracellular space as part of the innate immune response. EETs have a protective effect by limiting the migration of pathogens and antimicrobial activity to a controlled range. However, chronic inflammation can lead to the overproduction of EETs, which can trigger and exacerbate allergic asthma. In this review, we examine the role of EETs in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunlu Shen
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Friendship Hospital, No.2, East Yinghua Road, Chaoyang District, 100029, Beijing, China
- Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mengyuan Zhang
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Friendship Hospital, No.2, East Yinghua Road, Chaoyang District, 100029, Beijing, China
- Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ruiheng Zhao
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Friendship Hospital, No.2, East Yinghua Road, Chaoyang District, 100029, Beijing, China
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Li
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Friendship Hospital, No.2, East Yinghua Road, Chaoyang District, 100029, Beijing, China
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chunxiao Li
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Friendship Hospital, No.2, East Yinghua Road, Chaoyang District, 100029, Beijing, China
- Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Hou
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Friendship Hospital, No.2, East Yinghua Road, Chaoyang District, 100029, Beijing, China
- Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Bingqing Sun
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Friendship Hospital, No.2, East Yinghua Road, Chaoyang District, 100029, Beijing, China
- Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bowen Liu
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Friendship Hospital, No.2, East Yinghua Road, Chaoyang District, 100029, Beijing, China
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Min Xiang
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Friendship Hospital, No.2, East Yinghua Road, Chaoyang District, 100029, Beijing, China
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jiangtao Lin
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Friendship Hospital, No.2, East Yinghua Road, Chaoyang District, 100029, Beijing, China.
- Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
- Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.
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