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Mostofa MG, Reza AA, Khan Z, Munira MS, Khatoon MM, Kabir SR, Sadik MG, Ağagündüz D, Capasso R, Kazi M, Alam AHMK. Apoptosis-inducing anti-proliferative and quantitative phytochemical profiling with in silico study of antioxidant-rich Leea aequata L. leaves. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23400. [PMID: 38170014 PMCID: PMC10759211 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural products have been important parts of traditional medicine since ancient times, with various promising health effects. Leea aequata (L. aequata), a natural product, has been widely used for treating several diseases due to its promising pharmacological activities. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore the phytochemical profiling and molecular docking of the antioxidant-rich part of L. aequata leaves and its antiproliferative activity. L. aequata leaves were extracted with methanol, followed by fractionation with the respective solvents to obtain the petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and aqueous fractions. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by spectrophotometric methods. The cytotoxic and antiproliferative activities were detected using MTT colorimetric and confocal microscopy methods, respectively. Phytochemical compositions were analyzed using gas chromatography‒mass spectrometry analysis. Computer aided (molecular docking SwissADME, AdmetSAR and pass prediction) analyses were undertaken to sort out the best-fit phytochemicals present in the plant responsible for antioxidant and anticancer effects. Among the fractions, the ethyl acetate fraction was the most abundant polyphenol-rich fraction and showed the highest antioxidant, reducing power, and free radical scavenging activities. Compared to untreated MCF-7 cells, ethyl acetate fraction-treated MCF-7 cells showed an increase in apoptotic characteristics, such as membrane blebbing, chromatin condensation, and nuclear fragmentation, causing apoptosis and decreased proliferation of HeLa and MCF-7 cells. Furthermore, gas chromatography mass spectrometry data revealed that the ethyl acetate fraction contained 16 compounds, including methyl esters of long-chain fatty acids, which are the major chemical constituents. Moreover, hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester; 9-octadecenoic acid (Z)-, methyl ester; 9,12-octadecadienoic acid, methyl ester (Z, Z) and phenol, 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl) are known to have antioxidant and cytotoxic activity, as confirmed by computer-aided models. A strong correlation was observed between the antioxidant and polyphenolic contents and the anticancer activity. In conclusion, we explored the possibility that L. aequata could be a promising source of antioxidants and anticancer agents with a high phytochemical profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Golam Mostofa
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
- Department of Pharmacy, Gono Bishwabidyalay (University), Mirzanagar, Savar, Dhaka 1344, Bangladesh
| | - A.S.M. Ali Reza
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh
| | - Zidan Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh
| | | | - Mst Mahfuza Khatoon
- Department of Pharmacy, Gono Bishwabidyalay (University), Mirzanagar, Savar, Dhaka 1344, Bangladesh
| | - Syed Rashel Kabir
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Golam Sadik
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Duygu Ağagündüz
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Gazi University, Emek, Ankara 06490, Turkey
| | - Raffaele Capasso
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Mohsin Kazi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - AHM Khurshid Alam
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
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Lu DZ, Zeng LJ, Li Y, Gu RL, Hu ML, Zhang P, Yu P, Zhang X, Xie ZW, Liu H, Zhou YS. Cinobufotalin prevents bone loss induced by ovariectomy in mice through the BMPs/SMAD and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways. Animal Model Exp Med 2023. [PMID: 38013618 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis is a chronic bone disease characterized by bone loss and decreased bone strength. However, current anti-resorptive drugs carry a risk of various complications. The deep learning-based efficacy prediction system (DLEPS) is a forecasting tool that can effectively compete in drug screening and prediction based on gene expression changes. This study aimed to explore the protective effect and potential mechanisms of cinobufotalin (CB), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), on bone loss. METHODS DLEPS was employed for screening anti-osteoporotic agents according to gene profile changes in primary osteoporosis. Micro-CT, histological and morphological analysis were applied for the bone protective detection of CB, and the osteogenic differentiation/function in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMMSCs) were also investigated. The underlying mechanism was verified using qRT-PCR, Western blot (WB), immunofluorescence (IF), etc. RESULTS: A safe concentration (0.25 mg/kg in vivo, 0.05 μM in vitro) of CB could effectively preserve bone mass in estrogen deficiency-induced bone loss and promote osteogenic differentiation/function of hBMMSCs. Both BMPs/SMAD and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways participated in CB-induced osteogenic differentiation, further regulating the expression of osteogenesis-associated factors, and ultimately promoting osteogenesis. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated that CB could significantly reverse estrogen deficiency-induced bone loss, further promoting osteogenic differentiation/function of hBMMSCs, with BMPs/SMAD and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Zhuang Lu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- National Center of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Jun Zeng
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- National Center of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- National Center of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Ran-Li Gu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- National Center of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Meng-Long Hu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- National Center of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- National Center of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Yu
- National Center of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
- Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- National Center of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng-Wei Xie
- Peking University International Cancer Institute, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- National Center of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Sheng Zhou
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- National Center of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, China
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Reza AA, Sakib MA, Nasrin MS, Khan J, Khan MF, Hossen MA, Ali MH, Haque MA. Lasia spinosa (L.) thw. attenuates chemically induced behavioral disorders in experimental and computational models. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16754. [PMID: 37313137 PMCID: PMC10258414 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Lasia spinosa (L.) Thw. (L. spinosa) is widely used as a folk remedy for different physical ailments, and its neurological effects have yet to be assessed. Phytochemicals status of L. spinosa was evaluated by GC-MS analysis. Membrane stabilization test, elevated plus maze (EPM) tests and hole board tests (HBT), tail suspension tests (TST) and thiopental sodium-induced sleeping tests (TISTT) were used to assess anti-inflammatory, anxiolytic and anti-depressant activity. Fourteen compounds have been recorded from GC-MS analysis. The LSCTF showed 68.66 ± 2.46% hemolysis protections (p < 0.05) at 500 μg/mL, whereas LSCHF and LSNHF demonstrated efficiency rates of 68.6 ± 1.46% and 52.46 ± 5.28%, respectively. During EPM tests, LSNHF and LSCTF significantly (p < 0.001) increased the time spent in the open arm (59.88 ± 0.65 s and 50.77 ± 0.67 s, respectively) at the dosages of 400 mg/kg. In HBT, samples exhibited dose-dependent anxiolytic activity. LSNHF and LSCTF showed a significant (p < 0.001) hole poking tendency and a high number of head dips (78.66 ± 1.05 and 65.17 ± 0.96, respectively) at the higher dose. In TST, at 400 mg/kg dose demonstrated significantly (p < 0.001) smaller amounts of time immobile, at 81.33 ± 1.67 s and 83.50 ± 1.90 s, respectively, compared to the control group. A consistent finding was also observed in TISTT. The computer-assisted studies on the identified compounds strongly support the aforementioned biological activities, indicating that L. spinosa has potential as a source of medication for treating neuropsychiatric and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- A.S.M. Ali Reza
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, 4318, Bangladesh
| | - Mahfuz Ahmed Sakib
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, 4318, Bangladesh
| | - Mst. Samima Nasrin
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, 4318, Bangladesh
| | - Jishan Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, 4318, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Forhad Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, 4318, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Amjad Hossen
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, 4318, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Hazrat Ali
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, 4318, Bangladesh
- Department of Pharmacy, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail-1902, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Anwarul Haque
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
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