1
|
Martins AC, Pinheiro JDS, Szinwelski L, Cidade ER, Santin DF, Proença LD, Araújo BA, Saraiva-Pereira ML, Jardim LB. Caffeine Consumption and Interaction with ADORA2A, CYP1A2 and NOS1 Variants Do Not Influence Age at Onset of Machado-Joseph Disease. CEREBELLUM (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2024:10.1007/s12311-024-01717-7. [PMID: 38969840 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-024-01717-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The age at onset (AO) of Machado-Joseph disease (SCA3/MJD), a disorder due to an expanded CAG repeat (CAGexp) in ATXN3, is quite variable and the role of environmental factors is still unknown. Caffeine was associated with protective effects against other neurodegenerative diseases, and against SCA3/MJD in transgenic mouse models. We aimed to evaluate whether caffeine consumption and its interaction with variants of caffeine signaling/metabolization genes impact the AO of this disease. METHODS a questionnaire on caffeine consumption was applied to adult patients and unrelated controls living in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. AO and CAGexp were previously determined. SNPs rs5751876 (ADORA2A), rs2298383 (ADORA2A), rs762551 (CYP1A2) and rs478597 (NOS1) were genotyped. AO of subgroups were compared, adjusting the CAGexp to 75 repeats (p < 0.05). RESULTS 171/179 cases and 98/100 controls consumed caffeine. Cases with high and low caffeine consumption (more or less than 314.5 mg of caffeine/day) had mean (SD) AO of 35.05 (11.44) and 35.43 (10.08) years (p = 0.40). The mean (SD) AO of the subgroups produced by the presence or absence of caffeine-enhancing alleles in ADORA2A (T allele at rs5751876 and rs2298383), CYP1A2 (C allele) and NOS1 (C allele) were all similar (p between 0.069 and 0.516). DISCUSSION Caffeine consumption was not related to changes in the AO of SCA3/MJD, either alone or in interaction with protective genotypes at ADORA2A, CYP1A2 and NOS1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina Martins
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, Porto Alegre, 91501-970, Brazil
- Centros de Pesquisa Clínica e Experimental, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2350, Porto Alegre, 90035-903, Brazil
| | - Jordânia Dos Santos Pinheiro
- Centros de Pesquisa Clínica e Experimental, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2350, Porto Alegre, 90035-903, Brazil
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 2752, Porto Alegre, 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Luciana Szinwelski
- Centros de Pesquisa Clínica e Experimental, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2350, Porto Alegre, 90035-903, Brazil
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 2752, Porto Alegre, 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Rockenbach Cidade
- Centros de Pesquisa Clínica e Experimental, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2350, Porto Alegre, 90035-903, Brazil
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2400, Porto Alegre, 90.035-002, Brazil
| | - Danilo Fernando Santin
- Centros de Pesquisa Clínica e Experimental, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2350, Porto Alegre, 90035-903, Brazil
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2400, Porto Alegre, 90.035-002, Brazil
| | - Laura Damke Proença
- Centros de Pesquisa Clínica e Experimental, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2350, Porto Alegre, 90035-903, Brazil
- Instituto de Biociências , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves 9500, Porto Alegre, 91501-970, Brazil
| | - Bruna Almeida Araújo
- Centros de Pesquisa Clínica e Experimental, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2350, Porto Alegre, 90035-903, Brazil
- Curso de Biomedicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2600, Porto Alegre, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Maria Luiza Saraiva-Pereira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, Porto Alegre, 91501-970, Brazil
- Centros de Pesquisa Clínica e Experimental, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2350, Porto Alegre, 90035-903, Brazil
- Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2350, Porto Alegre, 90035-903, Brazil
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2600, Porto Alegre, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Laura Bannach Jardim
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, Porto Alegre, 91501-970, Brazil.
- Centros de Pesquisa Clínica e Experimental, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2350, Porto Alegre, 90035-903, Brazil.
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2400, Porto Alegre, 90.035-002, Brazil.
- Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2350, Porto Alegre, 90035-903, Brazil.
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2400, Porto Alegre, 90.035-002, Brazil.
- DMI FAMED UFRGS, Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2350, Porto Alegre, 90035-003, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Esteca MV, Divino IA, Vieira da Silva AL, Severino MB, Braga RR, Ropelle ER, Simabuco FM, Baptista IL. Parkin is a critical player in the effects of caffeine over mitochondrial quality control pathways during skeletal muscle regeneration in mice. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2024; 240:e14111. [PMID: 38314948 DOI: 10.1111/apha.14111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to investigate the effects of caffeine on pathways associated with mitochondrial quality control and mitochondrial capacity during skeletal muscle regeneration, focusing on the role of Parkin, a key protein involved in mitophagy. METHODS We used in vitro C2C12 myoblast during differentiation with and without caffeine in the medium, and we evaluated several markers of mitochondrial quality control pathways and myotube growth. In vivo experiments, we used C57BL/6J (WT) and Parkintm 1Shn lineage (Parkin-/- ) mice and injured tibial anterior muscle. The mice regenerated TA muscle for 3, 10, and 21 days with or without caffeine ingestion. TA muscle was used to analyze the protein content of several markers of mitochondrial quality pathways, muscle satellite cell differentiation, and protein synthesis. Furthermore, it analyzed mtDNA, mitochondrial respiration, and myofiber growth. RESULTS C2C12 differentiation experiments showed that caffeine decreased Parkin content, potentially leading to increased DRP1 and PGC-1α content and altered mitochondrial population, thereby enhancing growth capacity. Using Parkin-/- mice, we found that caffeine intake during the regenerative process induces an increase in AMPKα phosphorylation and PGC-1α and TFAM content, changes that were partly Parkin-dependent. In addition, the absence of Parkin potentiates the ergogenic effect of caffeine by increasing mitochondrial capacity and myotube growth. Those effects are related to increased ATF4 content and activation of protein synthesis pathways, such as increased 4E-BP1 phosphorylation. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate that caffeine ingestion changes mitochondrial quality control during skeletal muscle regeneration, and Parkin is a central player in those mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M V Esteca
- Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
| | - I A Divino
- Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
| | - A L Vieira da Silva
- Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
| | - M B Severino
- Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
- Multidisciplinarity Laboratory of Food and Health, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
| | - R R Braga
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
| | - E R Ropelle
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
| | - F M Simabuco
- Multidisciplinarity Laboratory of Food and Health, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - I L Baptista
- Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang M, Li P, Li Z, da Silva BS, Zheng W, Xiang Z, He Y, Xu T, Cordeiro C, Deng L, Dai Y, Ye M, Lin Z, Zhou J, Zhou X, Ye F, Cunha RA, Chen J, Guo W. Lateral septum adenosine A 2A receptors control stress-induced depressive-like behaviors via signaling to the hypothalamus and habenula. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1880. [PMID: 37019936 PMCID: PMC10076302 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37601-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder ranks as a major burden of disease worldwide, yet the current antidepressant medications are limited by frequent non-responsiveness and significant side effects. The lateral septum (LS) is thought to control of depression, however, the cellular and circuit substrates are largely unknown. Here, we identified a subpopulation of LS GABAergic adenosine A2A receptors (A2AR)-positive neurons mediating depressive symptoms via direct projects to the lateral habenula (LHb) and the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH). Activation of A2AR in the LS augmented the spiking frequency of A2AR-positive neurons leading to a decreased activation of surrounding neurons and the bi-directional manipulation of LS-A2AR activity demonstrated that LS-A2ARs are necessary and sufficient to trigger depressive phenotypes. Thus, the optogenetic modulation (stimulation or inhibition) of LS-A2AR-positive neuronal activity or LS-A2AR-positive neurons projection terminals to the LHb or DMH, phenocopied depressive behaviors. Moreover, A2AR are upregulated in the LS in two male mouse models of repeated stress-induced depression. This identification that aberrantly increased A2AR signaling in the LS is a critical upstream regulator of repeated stress-induced depressive-like behaviors provides a neurophysiological and circuit-based justification of the antidepressant potential of A2AR antagonists, prompting their clinical translation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muran Wang
- The Molecular Neuropharmacology Laboratory and the Eye-Brain Research Center, The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Peijun Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zewen Li
- The Molecular Neuropharmacology Laboratory and the Eye-Brain Research Center, The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Beatriz S da Silva
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
- Portuguese National Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences (INMLCF, IP), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Wu Zheng
- The Molecular Neuropharmacology Laboratory and the Eye-Brain Research Center, The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhenghua Xiang
- Department of Neurobiology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Ministry of Education, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan He
- The Molecular Neuropharmacology Laboratory and the Eye-Brain Research Center, The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Tao Xu
- The Molecular Neuropharmacology Laboratory and the Eye-Brain Research Center, The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Cristina Cordeiro
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
- Portuguese National Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences (INMLCF, IP), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Lu Deng
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yuwei Dai
- The Molecular Neuropharmacology Laboratory and the Eye-Brain Research Center, The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Mengqian Ye
- The Molecular Neuropharmacology Laboratory and the Eye-Brain Research Center, The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhiqing Lin
- The Molecular Neuropharmacology Laboratory and the Eye-Brain Research Center, The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jianhong Zhou
- The Molecular Neuropharmacology Laboratory and the Eye-Brain Research Center, The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xuzhao Zhou
- The Molecular Neuropharmacology Laboratory and the Eye-Brain Research Center, The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Fenfen Ye
- The Molecular Neuropharmacology Laboratory and the Eye-Brain Research Center, The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Rodrigo A Cunha
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Jiangfan Chen
- The Molecular Neuropharmacology Laboratory and the Eye-Brain Research Center, The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Wei Guo
- The Molecular Neuropharmacology Laboratory and the Eye-Brain Research Center, The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Effects of Chronic Caffeine Consumption on Synaptic Function, Metabolism and Adenosine Modulation in Different Brain Areas. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13010106. [PMID: 36671491 PMCID: PMC9855869 DOI: 10.3390/biom13010106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenosine receptors mainly control synaptic function, and excessive activation of adenosine receptors may worsen the onset of many neurological disorders. Accordingly, the regular intake of moderate doses of caffeine antagonizes adenosine receptors and affords robust neuroprotection. Although caffeine intake alters brain functional connectivity and multi-omics analyses indicate that caffeine intake modifies synaptic and metabolic processes, it is unclear how caffeine intake affects behavior, synaptic plasticity and its modulation by adenosine. We now report that male mice drinking caffeinated water (0.3 g/L) for 2 weeks were behaviorally indistinguishable (locomotion, mood, memory) from control mice (drinking water) and displayed superimposable synaptic plasticity (long-term potentiation) in different brain areas (hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, amygdala). Moreover, there was a general preservation of the efficiency of adenosine A1 and A2A receptors to control synaptic transmission and plasticity, although there was a tendency for lower levels of endogenous adenosine ensuring A1 receptor-mediated inhibition. In spite of similar behavioral and neurophysiological function, caffeine intake increased the energy charge and redox state of cortical synaptosomes. This increased metabolic competence likely involved a putative increase in the glycolytic rate in synapses and a prospective greater astrocyte-synapse lactate shuttling. It was concluded that caffeine intake does not trigger evident alterations of behavior or of synaptic plasticity but increases the metabolic competence of synapses, which might be related with the previously described better ability of animals consuming caffeine to cope with deleterious stimuli triggering brain dysfunction.
Collapse
|
5
|
Guo M, Xie P, Liu S, Luan G, Li T. Epilepsy and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): The Underlying Mechanisms and Therapy Targets Related to Adenosine. Curr Neuropharmacol 2023; 21:54-66. [PMID: 35794774 PMCID: PMC10193761 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x20666220706100136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are highly mutually comorbid, suggesting potential overlaps in genetic etiology, pathophysiology, and neurodevelopmental abnormalities. Adenosine, an endogenous anticonvulsant and neuroprotective neuromodulator of the brain, has been proved to affect the process of epilepsy and ASD. On the one hand, adenosine plays a crucial role in preventing the progression and development of epilepsy through adenosine receptordependent and -independent ways. On the other hand, adenosine signaling can not only regulate core symptoms but also improve comorbid disorders in ASD. Given the important role of adenosine in epilepsy and ASD, therapeutic strategies related to adenosine, including the ketogenic diet, neuromodulation therapy, and adenosine augmentation therapy, have been suggested for the arrangement of epilepsy and ASD. There are several proposals in this review. Firstly, it is necessary to further discuss the relationship between both diseases based on the comorbid symptoms and mechanisms of epilepsy and ASD. Secondly, it is important to explore the role of adenosine involved in epilepsy and ASD. Lastly, potential therapeutic value and clinical approaches of adenosine-related therapies in treating epilepsy and ASD need to be emphasized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengyi Guo
- Department of Brain Institute, Center of Epilepsy, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing Key Laboratory of Epilepsy Research, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100093, China
- Department of Neurology, Center of Epilepsy, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Pandeng Xie
- Department of Brain Institute, Center of Epilepsy, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing Key Laboratory of Epilepsy Research, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100093, China
- Department of Neurology, Center of Epilepsy, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Siqi Liu
- Department of Brain Institute, Center of Epilepsy, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing Key Laboratory of Epilepsy Research, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100093, China
- Department of Neurology, Center of Epilepsy, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Guoming Luan
- Department of Brain Institute, Center of Epilepsy, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing Key Laboratory of Epilepsy Research, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100093, China
- Department of Neurology, Center of Epilepsy, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Tianfu Li
- Department of Brain Institute, Center of Epilepsy, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing Key Laboratory of Epilepsy Research, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100093, China
- Department of Neurology, Center of Epilepsy, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100093, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
IJzerman AP, Jacobson KA, Müller CE, Cronstein BN, Cunha RA. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. CXII: Adenosine Receptors: A Further Update. Pharmacol Rev 2022; 74:340-372. [PMID: 35302044 PMCID: PMC8973513 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.121.000445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology report on the nomenclature and classification of adenosine receptors (2011) contained a number of emerging developments with respect to this G protein-coupled receptor subfamily, including protein structure, protein oligomerization, protein diversity, and allosteric modulation by small molecules. Since then, a wealth of new data and results has been added, allowing us to explore novel concepts such as target binding kinetics and biased signaling of adenosine receptors, to examine a multitude of receptor structures and novel ligands, to gauge new pharmacology, and to evaluate clinical trials with adenosine receptor ligands. This review should therefore be considered a further update of our previous reports from 2001 and 2011. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Adenosine receptors (ARs) are of continuing interest for future treatment of chronic and acute disease conditions, including inflammatory diseases, neurodegenerative afflictions, and cancer. The design of AR agonists ("biased" or not) and antagonists is largely structure based now, thanks to the tremendous progress in AR structural biology. The A2A- and A2BAR appear to modulate the immune response in tumor biology. Many clinical trials for this indication are ongoing, whereas an A2AAR antagonist (istradefylline) has been approved as an anti-Parkinson agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adriaan P IJzerman
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (A.P.IJ.); National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Molecular Recognition Section, Bethesda, Maryland (K.A.J.); Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany (C.E.M.); New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York (B.N.C.); and Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology and Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal (R.A.C.)
| | - Kenneth A Jacobson
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (A.P.IJ.); National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Molecular Recognition Section, Bethesda, Maryland (K.A.J.); Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany (C.E.M.); New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York (B.N.C.); and Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology and Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal (R.A.C.)
| | - Christa E Müller
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (A.P.IJ.); National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Molecular Recognition Section, Bethesda, Maryland (K.A.J.); Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany (C.E.M.); New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York (B.N.C.); and Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology and Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal (R.A.C.)
| | - Bruce N Cronstein
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (A.P.IJ.); National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Molecular Recognition Section, Bethesda, Maryland (K.A.J.); Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany (C.E.M.); New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York (B.N.C.); and Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology and Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal (R.A.C.)
| | - Rodrigo A Cunha
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands (A.P.IJ.); National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Molecular Recognition Section, Bethesda, Maryland (K.A.J.); Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany (C.E.M.); New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York (B.N.C.); and Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology and Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal (R.A.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Vasconcelos-Ferreira A, Martins IM, Lobo D, Pereira D, Lopes MM, Faro R, Lopes SM, Verbeek D, Schmidt T, Nóbrega C, Pereira de Almeida L. ULK overexpression mitigates motor deficits and neuropathology in mouse models of Machado-Joseph disease. Mol Ther 2022; 30:370-387. [PMID: 34298131 PMCID: PMC8753369 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2021.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Machado-Joseph disease (MJD) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder clinically characterized by prominent ataxia. It is caused by an expansion of a CAG trinucleotide in ATXN3, translating into an expanded polyglutamine (polyQ) tract in the ATXN3 protein, that becomes prone to misfolding and aggregation. The pathogenesis of the disease has been associated with the dysfunction of several cellular mechanisms, including autophagy and transcription regulation. In this study, we investigated the transcriptional modifications of the autophagy pathway in models of MJD and assessed whether modulating the levels of the affected autophagy-associated transcripts (AATs) would alleviate MJD-associated pathology. Our results show that autophagy is impaired at the transcriptional level in MJD, affecting multiple AATs, including Unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1 and 2 (ULK1 and ULK2), two homologs involved in autophagy induction. Reinstating ULK1/2 levels by adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated gene transfer significantly improved motor performance while preventing neuropathology in two in vivo models of MJD. Moreover, in vitro studies showed that the observed positive effects may be mainly attributed to ULK1 activity. This study provides strong evidence of the beneficial effect of overexpression of ULK homologs, suggesting these as promising instruments for the treatment of MJD and other neurodegenerative disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Vasconcelos-Ferreira
- CNC – Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Molecular Therapy of Brain Disorders Group, University of Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine, Rua Larga, Pólo 1, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal,CIBB – Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Vectors, Gene and Cell Therapy Group, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal,Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Inês Morgado Martins
- CNC – Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Molecular Therapy of Brain Disorders Group, University of Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine, Rua Larga, Pólo 1, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal,CIBB – Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Vectors, Gene and Cell Therapy Group, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal,IIIUC – Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, Casa Costa Alemão – Pólo II, Rua Dom Francisco de Lemos, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Diana Lobo
- CNC – Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Molecular Therapy of Brain Disorders Group, University of Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine, Rua Larga, Pólo 1, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal,CIBB – Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Vectors, Gene and Cell Therapy Group, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal,IIIUC – Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, Casa Costa Alemão – Pólo II, Rua Dom Francisco de Lemos, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Dina Pereira
- CNC – Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Molecular Therapy of Brain Disorders Group, University of Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine, Rua Larga, Pólo 1, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal,CIBB – Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Vectors, Gene and Cell Therapy Group, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Miguel M. Lopes
- CNC – Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Molecular Therapy of Brain Disorders Group, University of Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine, Rua Larga, Pólo 1, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal,CIBB – Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Vectors, Gene and Cell Therapy Group, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal,IIIUC – Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, Casa Costa Alemão – Pólo II, Rua Dom Francisco de Lemos, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rosário Faro
- CNC – Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Molecular Therapy of Brain Disorders Group, University of Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine, Rua Larga, Pólo 1, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal,CIBB – Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Vectors, Gene and Cell Therapy Group, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sara M. Lopes
- CNC – Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Molecular Therapy of Brain Disorders Group, University of Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine, Rua Larga, Pólo 1, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal,CIBB – Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Vectors, Gene and Cell Therapy Group, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal,IIIUC – Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, Casa Costa Alemão – Pólo II, Rua Dom Francisco de Lemos, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Dineke Verbeek
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Thorsten Schmidt
- Institute of Medical Genetics & Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany,Center for Rare Diseases (ZSE Tübingen), 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Clévio Nóbrega
- CNC – Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Molecular Therapy of Brain Disorders Group, University of Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine, Rua Larga, Pólo 1, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal,CIBB – Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Vectors, Gene and Cell Therapy Group, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luís Pereira de Almeida
- CNC – Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Molecular Therapy of Brain Disorders Group, University of Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine, Rua Larga, Pólo 1, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal,CIBB – Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Vectors, Gene and Cell Therapy Group, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal,Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal,Corresponding author: Luís Pereira de Almeida, PhD, CNC – Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Molecular Therapy of Brain Disorders Group, University of Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine, Rua Larga, Pólo 1, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kubrusly RCC, da Rosa Valli T, Ferreira MNMR, de Moura P, Borges-Martins VPP, Martins RS, Ferreira DDP, Sathler MF, de Melo Reis RA, Ferreira GC, Manhães AC, Dos Santos Pereira M. Caffeine Improves GABA Transport in the Striatum of Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHR). Neurotox Res 2021; 39:1946-1958. [PMID: 34637050 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-021-00423-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) is an excellent animal model that mimics the behavioral and neurochemical phenotype of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Here, we characterized the striatal GABA transport of SHR and investigated whether caffeine, a non-selective antagonist of adenosine receptors, could influence GABAergic circuitry. For this purpose, ex vivo striatal slices of SHR and Wistar (control strain) on the 35th postnatal day were dissected and incubated with [3H]-GABA to quantify the basal levels of uptake and release. SHR exhibited a reduced [3H]-GABA uptake and release, suggesting a defective striatal GABAergic transport system. GAT-1 appears to be the primary transporter for [3H]-GABA uptake in SHR striatum, as GAT-1 selective blocker, NO-711, completely abolished it. We also verified that acute exposure of striatal slices to caffeine improved [3H]-GABA uptake and release in SHR, whereas Wistar rats were not affected. GABA-uptake increase and cAMP accumulation promoted by caffeine was reverted by A1R activation with N6-cyclohexyl adenosine (CHA). As expected, the pharmacological blockade of cAMP-PKA signaling by H-89 also prevented caffeine-mediated [3H]-GABA uptake increment. Interestingly, a single caffeine exposure did not affect GAT-1 or A1R protein density in SHR, which was not different from Wistar protein levels, suggesting that the GAT-1-dependent transport in SHR has a defective functional activity rather than lower protein expression. The current data support that caffeine regulates GAT-1 function and improves striatal GABA transport via A1R-cAMP-PKA signaling, specifically in SHR. These results reinforce that caffeine may have therapeutic use in disorders where the GABA transport system is impaired.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Pâmella de Moura
- Laboratório de Neurofarmacologia, Instituto Biomédico, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Robertta Silva Martins
- Laboratório de Neurofarmacologia, Instituto Biomédico, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia Celular E Molecular, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ricardo Augusto de Melo Reis
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Costa Ferreira
- Laboratório de Neuroenergética E Erros Inatos Do Metabolismo, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alex Christian Manhães
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Do Estado Do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maurício Dos Santos Pereira
- Laboratório de Neurofarmacologia, Instituto Biomédico, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia Molecular, Departamento de Biologia Básica E Oral, Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Crespo M, León-Navarro DA, Martín M. Hyperthermia-induced seizures during neonatal period alter the functionality of A 1 and A 2A receptors in the cerebellum and evoke fine motor impairment and gait disturbances in adult rats. Physiol Behav 2021; 240:113543. [PMID: 34332977 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2021.113543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Febrile seizures (FS) are one of the most common types of convulsive disorder of early childhood and they can be classified into simple and prolonged depending on the duration. Nowadays, simple FS have a good prognosis but there is controversy about the outcome of prolonged FS. In a previous work using an animal model of prolonged FS, we showed that hiperthermia-induced seizures (HIS) evoked fine motor coordination impairment and gait disturbances in adolescent rats in a process in which seemed to be involved modulation of the cerebellar adenosinergic system. The aim of the present work was to verify whether the effect was maintained in adulthood. To this end, neonatal rats (PD 12) were exposed to HIS and after 48 days (PD 60) they were assayed on balance beam and footprint tests. Animals were sacrificed 53 days after HIS and adenosine A1 and A2A receptor signalling pathways were studied in cerebellar plasma membranes by using radioligand binding assays and by measuring the activities of 5´-nucleotidase and adenylyl cyclase. Results obtained revealed that adult rats exposed to HIS showed gait disturbances and motor impairments. Besides, animals exposed to hyperthermic insult showed an increase in adenosine A2A receptor functionality and 5´-nucleotidase activity. Surprisingly, the functionality of the adenosine A1 receptor resulted significantly changed causing stimulation instead of inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity. These results showed that the effect of prolonged FS at the early age also persist in adulthood suggesting on must pay attention to FS in children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Crespo
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha. Department of Inorganic, Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry. Faculty of Chemical and Technological Sciences. School of Medicine of Ciudad Real. Regional Centre of Biomedical Research (CRIB), Avenida Camilo José Cela, 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - D A León-Navarro
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha. Department of Inorganic, Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry. Faculty of Chemical and Technological Sciences. School of Medicine of Ciudad Real. Regional Centre of Biomedical Research (CRIB), Avenida Camilo José Cela, 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain.
| | - M Martín
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha. Department of Inorganic, Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry. Faculty of Chemical and Technological Sciences. School of Medicine of Ciudad Real. Regional Centre of Biomedical Research (CRIB), Avenida Camilo José Cela, 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Raj K, Akundi RS. Mutant Ataxin-3-Containing Aggregates (MATAGGs) in Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3: Dynamics of the Disorder. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:3095-3118. [PMID: 33629274 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02314-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) is the most common type of SCA worldwide caused by abnormal polyglutamine expansion in the coding region of the ataxin-3 gene. Ataxin-3 is a multi-faceted protein involved in various cellular processes such as deubiquitination, cytoskeletal organisation, and transcriptional regulation. The presence of an expanded poly(Q) stretch leads to altered processing and misfolding of the protein culminating in the production of insoluble protein aggregates in the cell. Various post-translational modifications affect ataxin-3 fibrillation and aggregation. This review provides an exhaustive assessment of the various pathogenic mechanisms undertaken by the mutant ataxin-3-containing aggregates (MATAGGs) for disease induction and neurodegeneration. This includes in-depth discussion on MATAGG dynamics including their formation, role in neuronal pathogenesis, and the debate over the toxic v/s protective nature of the MATAGGs in disease progression. Additionally, the currently available therapeutic strategies against SCA3 have been reviewed. The shift in the focus of such strategies, from targeting the steps that lead to or reduce aggregate formation to targeting the expression of mutant ataxin-3 itself via RNA-based therapeutics, has also been presented. We also discuss the intriguing promise that various growth and neurotrophic factors, especially the insulin pathway, hold in the modulation of SCA3 progression. These emerging areas show the newer directions through which SCA3 can be targeted including various preclinical and clinical trials. All these advances made in the last three decades since the discovery of the ataxin-3 gene have been critically reviewed here.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kritika Raj
- Neuroinflammation Research Lab, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, South Asian University, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Ravi Shankar Akundi
- Neuroinflammation Research Lab, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, South Asian University, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi, 110021, India.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Moreira-de-Sá A, Gonçalves FQ, Lopes JP, Silva HB, Tomé ÂR, Cunha RA, Canas PM. Motor Deficits Coupled to Cerebellar and Striatal Alterations in Ube3a m-/p+ Mice Modelling Angelman Syndrome Are Attenuated by Adenosine A 2A Receptor Blockade. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:2543-2557. [PMID: 33464534 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02275-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Angelman syndrome (AS) is a neurogenetic disorder involving ataxia and motor dysfunction, resulting from the absence of the maternally inherited functional Ube3a protein in neurons. Since adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) blockade relieves synaptic and motor impairments in Parkinson's or Machado-Joseph's diseases, we now tested if A2AR blockade was also effective in attenuating motor deficits in an AS (Ube3am-/p+) mouse model and if this involved correction of synaptic alterations in striatum and cerebellum. Chronic administration of the A2AR antagonist SCH58261 (0.1 mg/kg/day, ip) promoted motor learning of AS mice in the accelerating-rotarod task and rescued the grip strength impairment of AS animals. These motor impairments were accompanied by synaptic alterations in cerebellum and striatum typified by upregulation of synaptophysin and vesicular GABA transporters (vGAT) in the cerebellum of AS mice along with a downregulation of vGAT, vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (vGLUT1) and the dopamine active transporter in AS striatum. Notably, A2AR blockade prevented the synaptic alterations found in AS mice cerebellum as well as the downregulation of striatal vGAT and vGLUT1. This provides the first indications that A2AR blockade may counteract the characteristic motor impairments and synaptic changes of AS, although more studies are needed to unravel the underlying mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Moreira-de-Sá
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, Faculty of Medicine Building-Polo 1, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Francisco Q Gonçalves
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, Faculty of Medicine Building-Polo 1, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João P Lopes
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, Faculty of Medicine Building-Polo 1, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Henrique B Silva
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, Faculty of Medicine Building-Polo 1, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ângelo R Tomé
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, Faculty of Medicine Building-Polo 1, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rodrigo A Cunha
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, Faculty of Medicine Building-Polo 1, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paula M Canas
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, Faculty of Medicine Building-Polo 1, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Pereira-Sousa J, Ferreira-Lomba B, Bellver-Sanchis A, Vilasboas-Campos D, Fernandes JH, Costa MD, Varney MA, Newman-Tancredi A, Maciel P, Teixeira-Castro A. Identification of the 5-HT 1A serotonin receptor as a novel therapeutic target in a C. elegans model of Machado-Joseph disease. Neurobiol Dis 2021; 152:105278. [PMID: 33516872 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2021.105278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Machado-Joseph disease (MJD) or Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects movement coordination leading to a premature death. Despite several efforts, no disease-modifying treatment is yet available for this disease. Previous studies pinpointed the modulation of serotonergic signaling, through pharmacological inhibition of the serotonin transporter SERT, as a promising therapeutic approach for MJD/SCA3. Here, we describe the 5-HT1A receptor as a novel therapeutic target in MJD, using a C. elegans model of ATXN3 proteotoxicity. Chronic and acute administration of befiradol (also known as NLX-112), a highly specific 5-HT1A agonist, rescued motor function and suppressed mutant ATXN3 aggregation. This action required the 5-HT1A receptor orthologue in the nematode, SER-4. Tandospirone, a clinically tested 5-HT1A receptor partial agonist, showed a limited impact on animals' motor dysfunction on acute administration and a broader receptor activation profile upon chronic treatment, its effect depending on 5-HT1A but also on the 5-HT6/SER-5 and 5-HT7/SER-7 receptors. Our results support high potency and specificity of befiradol for activation of 5-HT1A/SER-4 receptors and highlight the contribution of the auto- and hetero-receptor function to the therapeutic outcome in this MJD model. Our study deepens the understanding of serotonergic signaling modulation in the suppression of ATXN3 proteotoxicity and suggests that a potent and selective 5-HT1A receptor agonist such as befiradol could constitute a promising therapeutic agent for MJD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joana Pereira-Sousa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães, Portugal; Behavioral & Molecular Lab (Bn'ML), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Bruna Ferreira-Lomba
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Aina Bellver-Sanchis
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Daniela Vilasboas-Campos
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Jorge H Fernandes
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Marta D Costa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | | | | | - Patrícia Maciel
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - Andreia Teixeira-Castro
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Fonteles AA, Neves JCS, Menezes APF, Pereira JF, Silva ATA, Cunha RA, Andrade GM. ATP Signaling Controlling Dyskinesia Through P2X7 Receptors. Front Mol Neurosci 2020; 13:111. [PMID: 32848592 PMCID: PMC7427508 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2020.00111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Dopamine replacement therapy with L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) is the only temporary therapy for Parkinson's disease (PD), but it triggers dyskinesia over time. Since dyskinesia is associated with increased neuronal firing that bolsters purinergic signaling, we now tested whether the selective and blood-brain barrier-permeable P2X7 receptor antagonist Brilliant Blue-G (BBG, 22.5-45 mg/kg ip) attenuated behavioral, neurochemical and biochemical alterations in rats turned hemiparkinsonian upon unilateral striatal injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) and treated daily with L-DOPA (30 mg/kg by gavage) for 22 days. The blockade of P2X7 receptors decreased L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia and motor incoordination in hemiparkinsonian rats. In parallel, BBG treatment rebalanced the altered dopamine D1 and D2 receptor density and signaling as well as some neuroinflammation-associated parameters in the striatum and substantia nigra. These findings herald a hitherto unrecognized role for purinergic signaling in the etiopathology of dyskinesia and prompt P2X7 receptor antagonists as novel candidate anti-dyskinesia drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Analu A Fonteles
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Julliana C S Neves
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula F Menezes
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Juliana F Pereira
- Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Center for Research and Drug Development (NPDM), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Ana Thais A Silva
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo A Cunha
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Geanne M Andrade
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil.,Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Center for Research and Drug Development (NPDM), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Prestori F, Moccia F, D’Angelo E. Disrupted Calcium Signaling in Animal Models of Human Spinocerebellar Ataxia (SCA). Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:ijms21010216. [PMID: 31892274 PMCID: PMC6981692 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) constitute a heterogeneous group of more than 40 autosomal-dominant genetic and neurodegenerative diseases characterized by loss of balance and motor coordination due to dysfunction of the cerebellum and its efferent connections. Despite a well-described clinical and pathological phenotype, the molecular and cellular events that underlie neurodegeneration are still poorly undaerstood. Emerging research suggests that mutations in SCA genes cause disruptions in multiple cellular pathways but the characteristic SCA pathogenesis does not begin until calcium signaling pathways are disrupted in cerebellar Purkinje cells. Ca2+ signaling in Purkinje cells is important for normal cellular function as these neurons express a variety of Ca2+ channels, Ca2+-dependent kinases and phosphatases, and Ca2+-binding proteins to tightly maintain Ca2+ homeostasis and regulate physiological Ca2+-dependent processes. Abnormal Ca2+ levels can activate toxic cascades leading to characteristic death of Purkinje cells, cerebellar atrophy, and ataxia that occur in many SCAs. The output of the cerebellar cortex is conveyed to the deep cerebellar nuclei (DCN) by Purkinje cells via inhibitory signals; thus, Purkinje cell dysfunction or degeneration would partially or completely impair the cerebellar output in SCAs. In the absence of the inhibitory signal emanating from Purkinje cells, DCN will become more excitable, thereby affecting the motor areas receiving DCN input and resulting in uncoordinated movements. An outstanding advantage in studying the pathogenesis of SCAs is represented by the availability of a large number of animal models which mimic the phenotype observed in humans. By mainly focusing on mouse models displaying mutations or deletions in genes which encode for Ca2+ signaling-related proteins, in this review we will discuss the several pathogenic mechanisms related to deranged Ca2+ homeostasis that leads to significant Purkinje cell degeneration and dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Prestori
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | - Francesco Moccia
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Egidio D’Angelo
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Buijsen RAM, Toonen LJA, Gardiner SL, van Roon-Mom WMC. Genetics, Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Progress in Polyglutamine Spinocerebellar Ataxias. Neurotherapeutics 2019; 16:263-286. [PMID: 30607747 PMCID: PMC6554265 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-018-00696-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxias (ADCAs) are a group of neurodegenerative disorders characterized by degeneration of the cerebellum and its connections. All ADCAs have progressive ataxia as their main clinical feature, frequently accompanied by dysarthria and oculomotor deficits. The most common spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) are 6 polyglutamine (polyQ) SCAs. These diseases are all caused by a CAG repeat expansion in the coding region of a gene. Currently, no curative treatment is available for any of the polyQ SCAs, but increasing knowledge on the genetics and the pathological mechanisms of these polyQ SCAs has provided promising therapeutic targets to potentially slow disease progression. Potential treatments can be divided into pharmacological and gene therapies that target the toxic downstream effects, gene therapies that target the polyQ SCA genes, and stem cell replacement therapies. Here, we will provide a review on the genetics, mechanisms, and therapeutic progress in polyglutamine spinocerebellar ataxias.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ronald A M Buijsen
- Department of Human Genetics, LUMC, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Lodewijk J A Toonen
- Department of Human Genetics, LUMC, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sarah L Gardiner
- Department of Human Genetics, LUMC, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, LUMC, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Erukainure OL, Ijomone OM, Oyebode OA, Chukwuma CI, Aschner M, Islam MS. Hyperglycemia-induced oxidative brain injury: Therapeutic effects of Cola nitida infusion against redox imbalance, cerebellar neuronal insults, and upregulated Nrf2 expression in type 2 diabetic rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 127:206-217. [PMID: 30914353 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The therapeutic effect of the hot water infusion of Cola nitida against hyperglycemia-induced neurotoxicity, cerebellar neurodegeneration and elemental deregulations was investigated in fructose-streptozotocin induced rat model of type 2 diabetes (T2D). A diabetic group was administered drinking water, two other diabetic groups were treated with C. nitida at 150 and 300 mg/kg bodyweight respectively, while another group was administered metformin (200 mg/kg bodyweight). Two other groups consisting of normal rats, were administered drinking water and C. nitida (300 mg/kg bodyweight). After 6 weeks of treatment, their brains were collected. Treatment with C. nitida led to suppression of oxidative stress, significantly elevating reduced glutathione (GSH) levels, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, concomitant with depletion of malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Acetylcholinesterase and ATPase activities were significantly inhibited in C. nitida-treated diabetic rats. Histological and microscopic analysis also revealed a restorative effect of C. nitida on T2D-altered distribution of elements, neurons and axonal nodes. Treatment with C. nitida also led to significant inhibition of Nrf2 expression in the cerebellar cortex. These results suggest the therapeutic effects of C. nitida in maintenance of the neuronal integrity and antioxidant status of the brain in T2D. These neuroprotective activities can be attributed to the identified alkaloid, caffeine in the infusion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ochuko L Erukainure
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, (Westville Campus), Durban, 4000, South Africa; Nutrition and Toxicology Division, Federal Institute of Industrial Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Omamuyovwi M Ijomone
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA; Department of Human Anatomy, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Olajumoke A Oyebode
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, (Westville Campus), Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Chika I Chukwuma
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, (Westville Campus), Durban, 4000, South Africa; Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Md Shahidul Islam
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, (Westville Campus), Durban, 4000, South Africa.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Matos CA, de Almeida LP, Nóbrega C. Machado-Joseph disease/spinocerebellar ataxia type 3: lessons from disease pathogenesis and clues into therapy. J Neurochem 2018; 148:8-28. [PMID: 29959858 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Machado-Joseph disease (MJD), also known as spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3), is an incurable disorder, widely regarded as the most common form of spinocerebellar ataxia in the world. MJD/SCA3 arises from mutation of the ATXN3 gene, but this simple monogenic cause contrasts with the complexity of the pathogenic mechanisms that are currently admitted to underlie neuronal dysfunction and death. The aberrantly expanded protein product - ataxin-3 - is known to aggregate and generate toxic species that disrupt several cell systems, including autophagy, proteostasis, transcription, mitochondrial function and signalling. Over the years, research into putative therapeutic approaches has often been devoted to the development of strategies that counteract disease at different stages of cellular pathogenesis. Silencing the pathogenic protein, blocking aggregation, inhibiting toxic proteolytic processing and counteracting dysfunctions of the cellular systems affected have yielded promising ameliorating results in studies with cellular and animal models. The current review analyses the available studies dedicated to the investigation of MJD/SCA3 pathogenesis and the exploration of possible therapeutic strategies, focusing primarily on gene therapy and pharmacological approaches rooted on the molecular and cellular mechanisms of disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Matos
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luís Pereira de Almeida
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Clévio Nóbrega
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine, University of Algarve, Coimbra, Portugal.,Centre for Biomedical Research (CBMR), University of Algarve, Coimbra, Portugal.,Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Stefanello N, Spanevello RM, Passamonti S, Porciúncula L, Bonan CD, Olabiyi AA, Teixeira da Rocha JB, Assmann CE, Morsch VM, Schetinger MRC. Coffee, caffeine, chlorogenic acid, and the purinergic system. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 123:298-313. [PMID: 30291944 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Coffee is a drink prepared from roasted coffee beans and is lauded for its aroma and flavour. It is the third most popular beverage in the world. This beverage is known by its stimulant effect associated with the presence of methylxanthines. Caffeine, a purine-like molecule (1,3,7 trymetylxantine), is the most important bioactive compound in coffee, among others such as chlorogenic acid (CGA), diterpenes, and trigonelline. CGA is a phenolic acid with biological properties as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotector, hypolipidemic, and hypoglicemic. Purinergic system plays a key role inneuromodulation and homeostasis. Extracellular ATP, other nucleotides and adenosine are signalling molecules that act through their specific receptors, namely purinoceptors, P1 for nucleosides and P2 for nucleotides. They regulate many pathological processes, since adenosine, for instance, can limit the damage caused by ATP in the excitotoxicity from the neuronal cells. The primary purpose of this review is to discuss the effects of coffee, caffeine, and CGA on the purinergic system. This review focuses on the relationship/interplay between coffee, caffeine, CGA, and adenosine, and their effects on ectonucleotidases activities as well as on the modulation of P1 and P2 receptors from central nervous system and also in peripheral tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naiara Stefanello
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, UFSM, Camobi, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| | - Roselia Maria Spanevello
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção: Centro de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Químicas e de Alimentos, UFPel, Campus Capão do Leão 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Sabina Passamonti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Lisiane Porciúncula
- Departamento de Bioquímica, UFRGS, 90040-060, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Carla Denise Bonan
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Faculdade de Biociências da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - João Batista Teixeira da Rocha
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, UFSM, Camobi, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Charles Elias Assmann
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, UFSM, Camobi, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Vera Maria Morsch
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, UFSM, Camobi, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Maria Rosa Chitolina Schetinger
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, UFSM, Camobi, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Oliveira-Giacomelli Á, Naaldijk Y, Sardá-Arroyo L, Gonçalves MCB, Corrêa-Velloso J, Pillat MM, de Souza HDN, Ulrich H. Purinergic Receptors in Neurological Diseases With Motor Symptoms: Targets for Therapy. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:325. [PMID: 29692728 PMCID: PMC5902708 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Since proving adenosine triphosphate (ATP) functions as a neurotransmitter in neuron/glia interactions, the purinergic system has been more intensely studied within the scope of the central nervous system. In neurological disorders with associated motor symptoms, including Parkinson's disease (PD), motor neuron diseases (MND), multiple sclerosis (MS), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Huntington's Disease (HD), restless leg syndrome (RLS), and ataxias, alterations in purinergic receptor expression and activity have been noted, indicating a potential role for this system in disease etiology and progression. In neurodegenerative conditions, neural cell death provokes extensive ATP release and alters calcium signaling through purinergic receptor modulation. Consequently, neuroinflammatory responses, excitotoxicity and apoptosis are directly or indirectly induced. This review analyzes currently available data, which suggests involvement of the purinergic system in neuro-associated motor dysfunctions and underlying mechanisms. Possible targets for pharmacological interventions are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yahaira Naaldijk
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Laura Sardá-Arroyo
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria C. B. Gonçalves
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Medical School, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana Corrêa-Velloso
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Micheli M. Pillat
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Héllio D. N. de Souza
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Henning Ulrich
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wang Z. Experimental and Clinical Strategies for Treating Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3. Neuroscience 2017; 371:138-154. [PMID: 29229556 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.11.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3), or Machado-Joseph disease (MJD), is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder caused by the expansion of a polyglutamine (polyQ) tract in the ataxin-3 protein. To date, there is no effective therapy available to prevent progression of this disease. However, clinical strategies for alleviating various symptoms are imperative to promote a better quality of life for SCA3/MJD patients. Furthermore, experimental therapeutic strategies, including gene silencing or mutant protein clearance, mutant polyQ protein modification, stabilizing the native protein conformation, rescue of cellular dysfunction and neuromodulation to slow the progression of SCA3/MJD, have been developed. In this study, based on the current knowledge, I detail the clinical and experimental therapeutic strategies for treating SCA3/MJD, paying particular attention to drug discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Wang
- Genetic Engineering Laboratory, College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710065, China.
| |
Collapse
|