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González L, Escudero D, Serrano-Andrés L. Progress and Challenges in the Calculation of Electronic Excited States. Chemphyschem 2011; 13:28-51. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201100200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 310] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2011] [Revised: 08/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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2
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Wörner HJ, Merkt F. Jahn-Teller effects in molecular cations studied by photoelectron spectroscopy and group theory. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:6404-24. [PMID: 19670398 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200900526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The traditional "ball-and-stick" concept of molecular structure fails when the motion of the electrons is coupled to that of the nuclei. Such a situation arises in the Jahn-Teller (JT) effect which is very common in open-shell molecular systems, such as radicals or ions. The JT effect is well known to chemists as a mechanism that causes the distortion of an otherwise symmetric system. Its implications on the dynamics of molecules still represent unsolved problems in many cases. Herein we review recent progress in understanding the dynamic structure of molecular cations that have a high permutational symmetry by using rotationally resolved photoelectron spectroscopy and group theory. Specifically, we show how the pseudo-Jahn-Teller effect in the cyclopentadienyl cation causes electronic localization and nuclear delocalization. The fundamental physical mechanisms underlying the vaguely defined concept of "antiaromaticity" are thereby elucidated. Our investigation of the methane cation represents the first experimental characterization of the JT effect in a threefold degenerate electronic state. A special kind of isomerism resulting from the JT effect has been discovered and is predicted to exist in all JT systems in which the minima on the potential-energy surface are separated by substantial barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Jakob Wörner
- Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH-Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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Wörner H, Merkt F. Untersuchung des Jahn-Teller-Effekts in molekularen Kationen mithilfe von Photoelektronenspektroskopie und Gruppentheorie. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200900526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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4
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Bally T, Borden WT. Calculations on Open-Shell Molecules: A Beginner's Guide. REVIEWS IN COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/9780470125908.ch1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
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5
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Bock H, Dammel R. Gasphasen‐Reaktionen, 60
1)
Methanimine RR′CNR″: Darstellung und Photoelektronen‐Spektren
2–4. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/cber.19871201208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hans Bock
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Frankfurt, Niederurseler Hang, D‐6000 Frankfurt (M) 50
- Hauptlabor der Hoechst AG, D‐6230 Frankfurt (M) 80
| | - Ralph Dammel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Frankfurt, Niederurseler Hang, D‐6000 Frankfurt (M) 50
- Hauptlabor der Hoechst AG, D‐6230 Frankfurt (M) 80
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Tripodliganden mit Neopentangrundgerüst und zwei verschiedenen Donorfunktionen CH
3
C(CH
2
PPh
2
)
2
(CH
2
SR): Synthese, Struktur, Redoxchemie und Spektroskopie von Komplexen des Typs tripodM{
ortho
‐(X)(Y)C
6
H
4
}. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/cber.19961291229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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7
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Kozich V, Werncke W, Vodchits AI, Dreyer J. Ultrafast excitation of out-of-plane vibrations and vibrational energy redistribution after internal conversion of 4-nitroaniline. J Chem Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1530583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Kozich V, Werncke W, Dreyer J, Brzezinka KW, Rini M, Kummrow A, Elsaesser T. Vibrational excitation and energy redistribution after ultrafast internal conversion in 4-nitroaniline. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1482698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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9
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Photoelectron spectra of molecules. Part 12. Vinyl, allyl, and phenyl ethers and sulphides. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0166-1280(01)00736-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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10
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Quast H, Seefelder M. Das Gleichgewicht zwischen lokalisierten und delokalisierten Zuständen thermochromer Semibullvalene und Barbaralane – direkte Beobachtung von Übergangszuständen entarteter Cope-Umlagerungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1999. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1521-3757(19990419)111:8<1132::aid-ange1132>3.0.co;2-k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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11
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Mohr M, Zipse H, Marx D, Parrinello M. Interaction of Alkene Radical Cations with Solvent Molecules As Described with Density Functional Theory. J Phys Chem A 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/jp972344q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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12
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Allan M, Popovic̀ DB. Vibronic coupling and selectivity of vibrational excitation in the negative ion resonances of ozone. Chem Phys Lett 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(97)00158-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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13
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Köstlmeier S, Häberlen OD, Rösch N, Herrmann WA, Solouki B, Bock H. Density Functional Study on the Electronic Structure of Trioxorhenium Organyls. Organometallics 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/om9506375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Wolfgang A. Herrmann
- Anorganisch-chemisches Institut, Technische Universität München, D-85747 Garching, Germany
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14
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Schoeller W, Strutwolf J, Niecke E. On the electronic structures of the metaphosphate (metaphosphite) anions PX3(−)(PX2(−)), X = CH2, SiH2, NH, PH, O, S. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0166-1280(94)03935-e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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15
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Allan M. Experimental study of vibrational excitation of allene by slow electron impact: Vibronic coupling in the short‐lived negative ion states. J Chem Phys 1994. [DOI: 10.1063/1.467126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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State mixing in indoline derivatives: A steady-state and dynamical-fluorescence spectroscopic study. Chem Phys Lett 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(91)90482-o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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The vacuum ultraviolet photoabsorption and photoelectron spectroscopy of fluorochloroethenes. The 1,1-, cis- and trans-C2H2FCl. Chem Phys 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/0301-0104(90)90010-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Rettig W. Charge Separation in Excited States of Decoupled Systems?TICT Compounds and Implications Regarding the Development of New Laser Dyes and the Primary Process of Vision and Photosynthesis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1986. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.198609711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1103] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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22
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Rettig W. Ladungstrennung in angeregten Zuständen entkoppelter Systeme – TICT-Verbindungen und Implikationen für die Entwicklung neuer Laserfarbstoffe sowie für den Primärprozeß von Sehvorgang und Photosynthese. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1986. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.19860981104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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23
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The molecular structure of allenes and ketenes. XVIII. Excited states of the phenylallene chromophore and the role of doubly excited configurations in styrene-type molecules: circular dichroism and absorption spectra of 3-alkyl-1-phenylallenes and 1,3-diphenylallene. Chem Phys 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/0301-0104(86)80071-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Quast H, Fuchsbauer HL. ESR-spektroskopischer Nachweis intramolekularer Wechselwirkungen in Radikalkationen von Poly(α-methoxy)triptycenen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1986. [DOI: 10.1002/cber.19861190323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Krier C, Praet MT, Lorquet JC. Unimolecular decay paths of electronically excited species. VI. The Ã2E state of NH+3. J Chem Phys 1985. [DOI: 10.1063/1.448848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Rettig W, Wermuth G. The kinetics of formation of twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) states in p-substituted dialkylanilines: consequences of conical intersections along the reaction coordinate. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1985. [DOI: 10.1016/0047-2670(85)85037-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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27
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Frenking G, Koch W, Schaale M, Baumgärtel H. The unimolecular decay of difluoroethene cations. An experimental and quantum-chemical study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/0168-1176(84)87103-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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