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Hierlmeier G, Coburger P, Bodensteiner M, Wolf R. Di‐
tert
‐butyldiphosphatetrahedran: Katalytische Synthese des freien Phosphaalkin‐Dimers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201910505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Hierlmeier
- Universität RegensburgInstitut für Anorganische Chemie 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
| | - Peter Coburger
- Universität RegensburgInstitut für Anorganische Chemie 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
| | - Michael Bodensteiner
- Universität RegensburgInstitut für Anorganische Chemie 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
| | - Robert Wolf
- Universität RegensburgInstitut für Anorganische Chemie 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
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Hierlmeier G, Coburger P, Bodensteiner M, Wolf R. Di-tert-butyldiphosphatetrahedrane: Catalytic Synthesis of the Elusive Phosphaalkyne Dimer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:16918-16922. [PMID: 31591760 PMCID: PMC6899750 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201910505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
While tetrahedranes as a family are scarce, neutral heteroatomic species are all but unknown, with the only reported example being AsP3. Herein, we describe the isolation of a neutral heteroatomic X2Y2 molecular tetrahedron (X, Y=p‐block elements), which also is the long‐sought‐after free phosphaalkyne dimer. Di‐tert‐butyldiphosphatetrahedrane, (tBuCP)2, is formed from the monomer tBuCP in a nickel‐catalyzed dimerization reaction using [(NHC)Ni(CO)3] (NHC=1,3‐bis(2,4,6‐trimethylphenyl)imidazolin‐2‐ylidene (IMes) and 1,3‐bis(2,6‐diisopropylphenyl)imidazolin‐2‐ylidene (IPr)). Single‐crystal X‐ray structure determination of a silver(I) complex confirms the structure of (tBuCP)2. The influence of the N‐heterocyclic carbene ligand on the catalytic reaction was investigated, and a mechanism was elucidated using a combination of synthetic and kinetic studies and quantum chemical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Hierlmeier
- University of Regensburg, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Peter Coburger
- University of Regensburg, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael Bodensteiner
- University of Regensburg, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Robert Wolf
- University of Regensburg, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
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Rummel EM, Mastrorilli P, Todisco S, Latronico M, Balázs G, Virovets AV, Scheer M. Homoleptic Phosphaalkyne Complexes of Silver(I). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:13301-13305. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201607725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eva-Maria Rummel
- University of Regensburg; Department of Inorganic Chemistry; 93040 Regensburg Germany
| | - Piero Mastrorilli
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Ambientale, del Territorio, Edile e di Chimica (DICATECh); Politecnico di Bari; Via Orabona 4 70125 Bari Italy
| | - Stefano Todisco
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Ambientale, del Territorio, Edile e di Chimica (DICATECh); Politecnico di Bari; Via Orabona 4 70125 Bari Italy
| | - Mario Latronico
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Ambientale, del Territorio, Edile e di Chimica (DICATECh); Politecnico di Bari; Via Orabona 4 70125 Bari Italy
| | - Gábor Balázs
- University of Regensburg; Department of Inorganic Chemistry; 93040 Regensburg Germany
| | - Alexander V. Virovets
- University of Regensburg; Department of Inorganic Chemistry; 93040 Regensburg Germany
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS; Acad. Lavrentiev Ave. 3 Russia
- Novosibirsk State University; Pirogova 2 Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Manfred Scheer
- University of Regensburg; Department of Inorganic Chemistry; 93040 Regensburg Germany
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Rummel EM, Mastrorilli P, Todisco S, Latronico M, Balázs G, Virovets AV, Scheer M. Homoleptic Phosphaalkyne Complexes of Silver(I). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201607725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eva-Maria Rummel
- University of Regensburg; Department of Inorganic Chemistry; 93040 Regensburg Germany
| | - Piero Mastrorilli
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Ambientale, del Territorio, Edile e di Chimica (DICATECh); Politecnico di Bari; Via Orabona 4 70125 Bari Italy
| | - Stefano Todisco
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Ambientale, del Territorio, Edile e di Chimica (DICATECh); Politecnico di Bari; Via Orabona 4 70125 Bari Italy
| | - Mario Latronico
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Ambientale, del Territorio, Edile e di Chimica (DICATECh); Politecnico di Bari; Via Orabona 4 70125 Bari Italy
| | - Gábor Balázs
- University of Regensburg; Department of Inorganic Chemistry; 93040 Regensburg Germany
| | - Alexander V. Virovets
- University of Regensburg; Department of Inorganic Chemistry; 93040 Regensburg Germany
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS; Acad. Lavrentiev Ave. 3 Russia
- Novosibirsk State University; Pirogova 2 Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Manfred Scheer
- University of Regensburg; Department of Inorganic Chemistry; 93040 Regensburg Germany
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Breuers V, Lehmann CW, Frank W. Unusual Bonding and Properties in Main Group Element Chemistry: Rational Synthesis, Characterization, and Experimental Electron Density Determination of Mixed-Valent Tetraphosphetes. Chemistry 2015; 21:4596-606. [PMID: 25703334 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201406131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Verena Breuers
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Lehrstuhl II: Material- und Strukturforschung, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf (Germany), Fax: (+49) 211 81-14146.
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Chirila A, Wolf R, Chris Slootweg J, Lammertsma K. Main group and transition metal-mediated phosphaalkyne oligomerizations. Coord Chem Rev 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2013.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Nesterov V, Espinosa A, Schnakenburg G, Streubel R. A Novel N,P,C Cage Complex Formed by Rearrangement of a Tricyclic Phosphirane Complex: On the Importance of Non-covalent Interactions. Chemistry 2014; 20:7010-6. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201305061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Reddy KH, Usharani D, Nixon JF, Jemmis ED. Structure and Bonding in Stannadiphospholes and their Dianions SnC2P2R2m (R=H, tBu m=0, −2): A Comparative Study with C5H5+ and C5H5− Analogues. Chemistry 2011; 17:9142-52. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201100239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Usharani D, Poduska A, Nixon JF, Jemmis ED. Electronic structure and bonding in neutral and dianionic boradiphospholes: R'BC2P2R2 (R = H, tBu, R' = H, Ph). Chemistry 2009; 15:8429-8442. [PMID: 19437474 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200802491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Classical and non-classical isomers of both neutral and dianionic BC(2)P(2)H(3) species, which are isolobal to Cp(+) and Cp(-), are studied at both B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) and G3B3 levels of theory. The global minimum structure given by B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) for BC(2)P(2)H(3) is based on a vinylcyclopropenyl-type structure, whereas BC(2)P(2)H(3)(2-) has a planar aromatic cyclopentadienyl-ion-like structure. However, at the G3B3 level, there are three low-energy isomers for BC(2)P(2)H(3): 1) tricyclopentane, 2) nido and 3) vinylcyclopropenyl-type structures, all within 1.7 kcal mol(-1) of each other. On the contrary, for the dianionic species the cyclic planar structure is still the minimum. In comparison to the isolobal Cp(+) and H(n)C(n)P(5-n)(+) isomers, BC(2)P(2)H(3) shows a competition between pi-delocalised vinylcyclopropenyl- and cluster-type structures (nido and tricyclopentane). Substitution of H on C by tBu, and H on B by Ph, in BC(2)P(2)H(3) increases the energy difference between the low-lying isomers, giving the lowest energy structure as a tricyclopentane type. Similar substitution in BC(2)P(2)H(3)(2-) merely favours different positional isomers of the cyclic planar geometry, as observed in 1) isoelectronic neutral heterodiphospholes EtBu(2)C(2)P(2) (E = S, Se, Te), 2) monoanionic heterophospholyl rings EtBu(2)C(2)P(2) (E = P(-), As(-), Sb(-)) and 3) polyphospholyl rings anions tBu(5-n)C(n)P(5-n) (n = 0-5). The principal factors that affect the stability of three-, four-, and five-membered ring and acyclic geometrical and positional isomers of neutral and dianionic BC(2)P(2)H(3) isomers appear to be: 1) relative bond strengths, 2) availability of electrons for the empty 2p boron orbital and 3) steric effects of the tBu groups in the HBC(2)P(2)tBu(2) systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandamudi Usharani
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
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Scheer M, Himmel D, Johnson B, Kuntz C, Schiffer M. Ringerweiterung einer Cp*-Einheit – Bildung eines 1,2-Diphosphacyclooctatetraen-Liganden. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200605173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Scheer M, Himmel D, Johnson BP, Kuntz C, Schiffer M. Ring Expansion of a Cp* Moiety: Formation of a 1,2-Diphosphacyclooctatetraene Ligand. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:3971-5. [PMID: 17427166 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200605173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manfred Scheer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany.
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Mackewitz TW, Bergsträßr U, Leininger S, Regitz M. Acid-Induced cyclotrimerization of a phosphaalkyne with formal incorporation of water [1]. HETEROATOM CHEMISTRY 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hc.520060622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Al-Ktaifani MM, Chapman DP, Francis MD, Hitchcock PB, Nixon JF, Nyulászi L. The Hexaphosphapentaprismane P6C4tBu4: A “Jaws-Like” Cage Molecule That Bites! Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/1521-3757(20010917)113:18<3582::aid-ange3582>3.0.co;2-k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Al-Ktaifani MM, Chapman DP, Francis MD, Hitchcock PB, Nixon JF, Nyulászi L. The Hexaphosphapentaprismane P(6)C(4)tBu(4): A "Jaws-Like" Cage Molecule That Bites! We thank the EPSRC (M.D.F., J.F.N.), the AEC of Syria, Damascus (M.M.A.K.), The Royal Society (J.F.N., L.N.), and FKFP-0029/2000 (L.N.) for financial support. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2001; 40:3474-3477. [PMID: 11592176 DOI: 10.1002/1521-3773(20010917)40:18<3474::aid-anie3474>3.0.co;2-k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud M. Al-Ktaifani
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Environmental Sciences University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9QJ (UK)
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Tabellion F, Peters C, Fischbeck U, Regitz M, Preuss F. Imidovanadium(v) complexes as reaction partners for kinetically stabilized phosphaalkynes: synthesis of 1,2,4-azaphosphavanada(v)-cyclobutenes, 1,3,5-triphosphabenzenes, and 1H-1,2,4-azadiphospholes. Chemistry 2000; 6:4558-66. [PMID: 11192089 DOI: 10.1002/1521-3765(20001215)6:24<4558::aid-chem4558>3.0.co;2-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Cycloaddition reactions of the kinetically stabilized phosphaalkynes 1 with the imidovanadium(v) trihalides 9 furnish the 1,2,4-azaphosphavanada(v)cyclobutenes 10. The stability of these novel metallacyclic compounds depends solely on the substitutents of the imido unit. Thus, the imidovanadium(v) species 9 with tertiary alkyl groups on the N atom form stable addition products with 1 while in the cases of compounds 9 with a lower degree of substitution at N (primary and secondary alkyl groups) the primarily formed adducts 10 undergo irreversible decomposition to afford the 1H-1,2,4-azadiphospholes 13. Reactions of an excess of the phosphaaalkyne 1 with the vanadium complexes 9 furnish the corresponding triphosphabenzenes 8 in good yields (36-68%). A catalytic reaction course has been demonstrated for the all-tert-butyl system 1a/9a in which the metallacyclic species 10a serves as the catalytically active species. Poisoning of the catalyst leads to a second reaction pathway, which results in formation of the azatetraphosphaquadricyclanes 16. By means of the stepwise use of different phosphaalkynes 1a,b this methodology provides the first access to the differently substituted triphosphabenzenes through cyclotrimerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Tabellion
- Fachbereich Chemie, Universität Kaiserslautern, Germany
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Binger P, Stutzmann S, Bruckmann J, Krüger C, Grobe J, Le Van D, Pohlmeyer T. Novel Tetraphosphabarrelene and -semibullvalene Derivatives by Reactions of 2,4,6-Tri-tert-butyl-1,3,5-triphosphabenzene with Phosphaalkynes⋆. Eur J Inorg Chem 1998. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-0682(199812)1998:12<2071::aid-ejic2071>3.0.co;2-m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Hoffmann A, Mack A, Goddard R, Binger P, Regitz M. Tricyclic Phosphorus-Carbon Compounds – Synthesis by Oligomerization of Kinetically Stabilized Phosphaalkynes. Eur J Inorg Chem 1998. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-0682(199811)1998:11<1597::aid-ejic1597>3.0.co;2-u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Hoffmann A, Leininger S, Regitz M. Organophosphorus compounds 115. Solvent-directed cooligomerization of kinetically stabilized phosphaalkynes with trialkylaluminium compounds. J Organomet Chem 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(97)00008-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Mack A, Breit B, Wettling T, Bergsträßer U, Leininger S, Regitz M. Tetraphosphasemibullvalen: erste Valenzisomerisierungen im Phosphaalkin-Cyclotetramer-System. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1997. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.19971091230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Hoffmann A, Breit B, Regitz M. Organophosphorus Compounds, 114. Tetracyclic Phosphorus-Aluminium-Carbon Compounds – Synthesis by Cooligomerization of Kinetically Stabilized Phosphaalkynes with Trialkylaluminium Compounds. Eur J Inorg Chem 1997. [DOI: 10.1002/cber.19971300219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Andrés R, Gómez-Sal P, De Jesús E, Martín A, Mena M, Yélamos C. Thermische Zersetzung von [(η5-C5Me5)TiMe3]: Synthese und Struktur des Methylidincubans [{(ν5-C5Me5)Ti}4(μ3-CH)4]. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1997. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.19971090117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Regitz M, Weitling T, Fässler R, Breit B, Geissler B, Julino M, Hoffmann A, Bergsträsser U. Directed Synthesis of Phosphorus-Carbon Cage Compounds—A Challenge in Organophosphorus Chemistry [1]. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 1996. [DOI: 10.1080/10426509608545181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Grobe J, Le Van D, Immel F, Hegemann M, Krebs B, L�ge M. Reaktive E = C(p-p)?-Systeme. XLII [1]. Neue Koordinationsverbindungen des 2-(Diisopropylamino)-1-phosphaethins: [{?4-(iPr2NCP)2}Ni{?2-(iPr2NCP)}], [(Ph3P)2Pt{?2-(iPr2NCP)}] und [Co2(CO)6{?2-?2-(iPr2NCP)}]. Z Anorg Allg Chem 1996. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.19966220106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Julino M, Slany M, Bergsträßer U, Merçier F, Mathey F, Regitz M. Organophosphorus Compounds, 103. Thermal Transformation of Kinetically Stabilized Phosphaalkynes with Phosphinidene Precursors. Synthesis of Phosphorus-Carbon Cage Compounds by Cocyclooligomerization Processes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1002/cber.19951281006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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