Ackermann L, Vicente R, Kapdi AR. Transition-metal-catalyzed direct arylation of (hetero)arenes by C-H bond cleavage.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010;
48:9792-826. [PMID:
19998294 DOI:
10.1002/anie.200902996]
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Abstract
The area of transition-metal-catalyzed direct arylation through cleavage of C-H bonds has undergone rapid development in recent years, and is becoming an increasingly viable alternative to traditional cross-coupling reactions with organometallic reagents. In particular, palladium and ruthenium catalysts have been described that enable the direct arylation of (hetero)arenes with challenging coupling partners--including electrophilic aryl chlorides and tosylates as well as simple arenes in cross-dehydrogenative arylations. Furthermore, less expensive copper, iron, and nickel complexes were recently shown to be effective for economically attractive direct arylations.
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