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Rudolf R, Neuman NI, Walter RRM, Ringenberg MR, Sarkar B. Mesoionic Imines (MIIs): Strong Donors and Versatile Ligands for Transition Metals and Main Group Substrates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202200653. [PMID: 35286004 PMCID: PMC9322014 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202200653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis and the reactivity of 1,2,3-triazolin-5-imine type mesoionic imines (MIIs). The MIIs are accessible by a base-mediated cycloaddition between a substituted acetonitrile and an aromatic azide, methylation by established routes and subsequent deprotonation. C=O-stretching frequencies in MII-CO2 and -Rh(CO)2 Cl complexes were used to determine the overall donor strength. The MIIs are stronger donors than the N-heterocyclic imines (NHIs). MIIs are excellent ligands for main group elements and transition metals in which they display substituent-induced fluorine-specific interactions and undergo C-H activation. DFT calculations gave insights into the frontier orbitals of the MIIs. The calculations predict a relatively small HOMO-LUMO gap compared to other related ligands. MIIs are potentially able to act as both π-donor and π-acceptor ligands. This report highlights the potential of MIIs to display exciting properties with a huge potential for future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Rudolf
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische KoordinationschemieInstitut für Anorganische ChemieUniversity of StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 5570569StuttgartGermany
| | - Nicolás I. Neuman
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische KoordinationschemieInstitut für Anorganische ChemieUniversity of StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 5570569StuttgartGermany
- Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria QuímicaINTEC, UNL-CONICET Predio CONICET Santa Fe “Dr. Alberto Cassano”Colectora Ruta Nacional 168, Km 0Paraje El PozoS3000ZAA) Santa FeArgentina
| | - Robert R. M. Walter
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische KoordinationschemieInstitut für Anorganische ChemieUniversity of StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 5570569StuttgartGermany
| | - Mark. R. Ringenberg
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische KoordinationschemieInstitut für Anorganische ChemieUniversity of StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 5570569StuttgartGermany
| | - Biprajit Sarkar
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische KoordinationschemieInstitut für Anorganische ChemieUniversity of StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 5570569StuttgartGermany
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Rudolf R, Neuman NI, Walter RRM, Ringenberg MR, Sarkar B. Mesoionische Imine (MIIs): Starke Donoren und vielseitige Liganden für Übergangsmetalle und Hauptgruppensubstrate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202200653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Rudolf
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Koordinationschemie Institut für Anorganische Chemie Universität Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Deutschland
| | - Nicolás I. Neuman
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Koordinationschemie Institut für Anorganische Chemie Universität Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Deutschland
- Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química CINTEC, VUNL-CONICET VPredio CONICET Santa Fe “Dr. Alberto Cassano“ Colectora Ruta Nacional 168, Km 0 Paraje El Pozo S3000ZAA) Santa Fe Argentinien
| | - Robert R. M. Walter
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Koordinationschemie Institut für Anorganische Chemie Universität Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Deutschland
| | - Mark. R. Ringenberg
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Koordinationschemie Institut für Anorganische Chemie Universität Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Deutschland
| | - Biprajit Sarkar
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Koordinationschemie Institut für Anorganische Chemie Universität Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Deutschland
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Vaddamanu M, Sathyanarayana A, Masaya Y, Sugiyama S, Kazuhisa O, Velappan K, Nandeshwar M, Hisano K, Tsutsumi O, Prabusankar G. Acridine N-Heterocyclic Carbene Gold(I) Compounds: Tuning from Yellow to Blue Luminescence. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:521-529. [PMID: 33442961 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202001380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and the luminescence features of three gold(I)-N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes are presented to study how the n-alkyl group can influence the luminescence properties in the crystalline state. The mononuclear gold(I)-NHC complexes, [(L1 )Au(Cl)] (1), [(L2 )Au(Cl)] (2), and [(L3 )Au(Cl)] (3) were isolated from the reactions between [(tht)AuCl] and corresponding NHC ligand precursors, [N-(9-acridinyl)-N'-(n-butyl)-imidazolium chloride, (L1 .HCl)], [N-(9-acridinyl)-N'-(n-pentyl)-imidazolium chloride, (L2 .HCl)] and [N-(9-acridinyl)-N'-(n-hexyl)-imidazolium chloride, (L3 .HCl)]. Their single-crystal X-ray analysis reveals the influence of the n-alkyl groups on solid-state packing. A comparison of the luminescence features of 1-3 with n-alkyl substituents is explored. The molecules 1-3 depicted blue emission in the solution state, while the yellow emission (for 1), greenish-yellow emission (for 2), and blue emission (for 3) in the crystalline phase. This paradigm emission shift arises from n-butyl to n-pentyl and n-hexyl in the crystalline state due to the carbon-carbon rotation of the n-alkyl group, which tends to promote unusual solid packing. Hence n-alkyl group adds a novel emission property in the crystalline state. Density Functional Theory and Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory calculations were carried out for monomeric complex, N-(9-acridinyl)-N'-(n-heptyl)imidazole-2-ylidene gold(I) chloride and dimeric complex, N-(9-acridinyl)-N'-(n-heptyl)imidazole-2-ylidene gold(I) chloride to understand the structural and electronic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moulali Vaddamanu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, TS, 502285, India
| | - Arruri Sathyanarayana
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Yamane Masaya
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Shohei Sugiyama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Ozaki Kazuhisa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, 525-8577, Japan
| | | | - Muneshwar Nandeshwar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, TS, 502285, India
| | - Kyohei Hisano
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Osamu Tsutsumi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Ganesan Prabusankar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, TS, 502285, India
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Ruiz J, García L, Sol D, Vivanco M. Template Synthesis, Metalation, and Self-Assembly of Protic Gold(I)/(NHC) 2
Tectons Driven by Metallophilic Interactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201603688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Ruiz
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica; Universidad de Oviedo, Facultad de Química; 33006 Oviedo Spain
| | - Lucía García
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica; Universidad de Oviedo, Facultad de Química; 33006 Oviedo Spain
| | - Daniel Sol
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica; Universidad de Oviedo, Facultad de Química; 33006 Oviedo Spain
| | - Marilín Vivanco
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica; Universidad de Oviedo, Facultad de Química; 33006 Oviedo Spain
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Ruiz J, García L, Sol D, Vivanco M. Template Synthesis, Metalation, and Self-Assembly of Protic Gold(I)/(NHC)2
Tectons Driven by Metallophilic Interactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:8386-90. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201603688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Ruiz
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica; Universidad de Oviedo, Facultad de Química; 33006 Oviedo Spain
| | - Lucía García
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica; Universidad de Oviedo, Facultad de Química; 33006 Oviedo Spain
| | - Daniel Sol
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica; Universidad de Oviedo, Facultad de Química; 33006 Oviedo Spain
| | - Marilín Vivanco
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica; Universidad de Oviedo, Facultad de Química; 33006 Oviedo Spain
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Santini C, Marinelli M, Pellei M. Boron-Centered Scorpionate-Type NHC-Based Ligands and Their Metal Complexes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201600133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Santini
- School of Science and Technology; Chemistry Division; University of Camerino; via S. Agostino 1 62032 Camerino Macerata Italy
| | - Marika Marinelli
- School of Science and Technology; Chemistry Division; University of Camerino; via S. Agostino 1 62032 Camerino Macerata Italy
| | - Maura Pellei
- School of Science and Technology; Chemistry Division; University of Camerino; via S. Agostino 1 62032 Camerino Macerata Italy
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Hemmert C, Poteau R, dit Dominique FJB, Ceroni P, Bergamini G, Gornitzka H. Amide-Functionalized Bis(NHC) Systems: Anion Effect on Gold-Gold Interactions. Eur J Inorg Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201200323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Hahn FE, García Plumed C, Münder M, Lügger T. Synthesis of BenzannulatedN-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands by a Template Synthesis from 2-Nitrophenyl Isocyanide. Chemistry 2004; 10:6285-93. [PMID: 15526316 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200400576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of 2-nitrophenyl isocyanide 2 with [M(CO)5(thf)] (M=Cr, Mo, W) yields the isocyanide complexes [M(CO)5(2)] (3: M=Cr; 4: M=Mo; 5: M=W). Complexes 3-5 react with elemental tin under reduction of the nitro function of the isocyanide ligand to give the complexes with the unstable 2-aminophenyl isocyanide ligand. The coordinated 2-aminophenyl isocyanide ligand in all three complexes reacts spontaneously under intramolecular nucleophilic attack of the primary amine at the isocyanide carbon atom to yield the complexes with the NH,NH-benzimidazol-2-ylidene ligand (6: M=Cr; 7: M=Mo; 8: M=W). An incomplete reduction of the nitro group in 3-5 is observed when hydrazine hydrate is used instead of tin. Here the formation of complexes with a coordinated 2-hydroxylamine-functionalized phenyl isocyanide [(CO)5M-CN-C6H(4-)-2-N(H)-OH] is postulated and this unstable ligand again undergoes intramolecular cyclization to give the NH,NOH-stabilized benzimidazol-2-ylidene complexes 9-11. The tungsten derivative 11 can be allylated stepwise by a deprotonation/alkylation sequence first at the OH and then at the NH position to yield the monoallylated and diallylated species 12 and 13. The molecular structures of 3-5 and 12-13 were established by X-ray crystallography.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Ekkehardt Hahn
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 36, 48149 Münster, Germany.
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Hahn FE, Langenhahn V, Le Van D, Tamm M, Wittenbecher L, Lügger T. Cyclic polycarbene ligands with crown ether structure. HETEROATOM CHEMISTRY 2002. [DOI: 10.1002/hc.10099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Böhm VP, Herrmann WA. The "Wanzlick Equilibrium" V.P.W.B. wishes to thank the Fonds der Chemischen Industrie for a Kekulé fellowship. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2000; 39:4036-4038. [PMID: 11093196 DOI: 10.1002/1521-3773(20001117)39:22<4036::aid-anie4036>3.0.co;2-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- VP Böhm
- Anorganisch-chemisches Institut Technische Universität München Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching (Germany)
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