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Fumadó Navarro J, Lomora M. Mechanoresponsive Drug Delivery Systems for Vascular Diseases. Macromol Biosci 2023; 23:e2200466. [PMID: 36670512 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202200466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Mechanoresponsive drug delivery systems (DDS) have emerged as promising candidates to improve the current effectiveness and lower the side effects typically associated with direct drug administration in the context of vascular diseases. Despite tremendous research efforts to date, designing drug delivery systems able to respond to mechanical stimuli to potentially treat these diseases is still in its infancy. By understanding relevant biological forces emerging in healthy and pathological vascular endothelium, it is believed that better-informed design strategies can be deduced for the fabrication of simple-to-complex macromolecular assemblies capable of sensing mechanical forces. These responsive systems are discussed through insights into essential parameter design (composition, size, shape, and aggregation state) , as well as their functionalization with (macro)molecules that are intrinsically mechanoresponsive (e.g., mechanosensitive ion channels and mechanophores). Mechanical forces, including the pathological shear stress and exogenous stimuli (e.g., ultrasound, magnetic fields), used for the activation of mechanoresponsive DDS are also introduced, followed by in vitro and in vivo experimental models used to investigate and validate such novel therapies. Overall, this review aims to propose a fresh perspective through identified challenges and proposed solutions that could be of benefit for the further development of this exciting field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josep Fumadó Navarro
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, University of Galway, Upper Newcastle, Galway, H91 W2TY, Ireland
| | - Mihai Lomora
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, University of Galway, Upper Newcastle, Galway, H91 W2TY, Ireland
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Li CY, Rehm FBH, Yap K, Zdenek CN, Harding MD, Fry BG, Durek T, Craik DJ, de Veer SJ. Cystine Knot Peptides with Tuneable Activity and Mechanism. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202200951. [PMID: 35224831 PMCID: PMC9539897 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202200951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Knottins are topologically complex peptides that are stabilised by a cystine knot and have exceptionally diverse functions, including protease inhibition. However, approaches for tuning their activity in situ are limited. Here, we demonstrate separate approaches for tuning the activity of knottin protease inhibitors using light or streptavidin. We show that the inhibitory activity and selectivity of an engineered knottin can be controlled with light by activating a second mode of action that switches the inhibitor ON against new targets. Guided by a knottin library screen, we also identify a position in the inhibitor's binding loop that permits insertion of a biotin tag without impairing activity. Using streptavidin, biotinylated knottins with nanomolar affinity can be switched OFF in activity assays, and the anticoagulant activity of a factor XIIa inhibitor can be rapidly switched OFF in human plasma. Our findings expand the scope of engineered knottins for precisely controlling protein function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Choi Yi Li
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Fabian B H Rehm
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Kuok Yap
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Christina N Zdenek
- Venom Evolution Lab, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Maxim D Harding
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Bryan G Fry
- Venom Evolution Lab, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Thomas Durek
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - David J Craik
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Simon J de Veer
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
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Li CY, Rehm FBH, Yap K, Zdenek CN, Harding MD, Fry BG, Durek T, Craik DJ, Veer SJ. Cystine Knot Peptides with Tuneable Activity and Mechanism. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202200951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Choi Yi Li
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Fabian B. H. Rehm
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Kuok Yap
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Christina N. Zdenek
- Venom Evolution Lab School of Biological Sciences The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Maxim D. Harding
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Bryan G. Fry
- Venom Evolution Lab School of Biological Sciences The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Thomas Durek
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - David J. Craik
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Simon J. Veer
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
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Feringa BL. The Art of Building Small: From Molecular Switches to Motors (Nobel Lecture). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:11060-11078. [PMID: 28851050 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201702979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 457] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A journey into the nano-world: The ability to design, use and control motor-like functions at the molecular level sets the stage for numerous dynamic molecular systems. In his Nobel Lecture, B. L. Feringa describes the evolution of the field of molecular motors and explains how to program and control molecules by incorporating responsive and adaptive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben L Feringa
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Feringa BL. Die Kunst, klein zu bauen: von molekularen Schaltern bis zu Motoren (Nobel-Aufsatz). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201702979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ben L. Feringa
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry; University of Groningen; Groningen Niederlande
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Abstract
Membranes form natural barriers that need to be permeable to diverse matter like ions and substrates. This permeability is controlled by ion-channel proteins, which have attracted great interest for pharmaceutical applications. Ion-channel engineering (ICE) modifies biological ion channels by chemical/biological synthetis means. The goal is to obtain ion channels with modified or novel functionality. Three functional strategies exist. The first is the manipulation of the wider pores with robust β-barrel structures, such as those of α-hemolysin and porins. The second engineering approach focuses on the modification of narrow (mostly α-helical) pores to understand selectivity and modes of action. A third functional approach addresses channel gating by (photo)triggering the biological receptor that controls the channel. Several synthetis strategies have been developed and successfully utilized for the synthetic modification of biological ion-channels: the S-alkylation of specifically introduced Cys, protein semisynthesis by native chemical ligation, protein semisynthesis by protein trans-splicing, as well as nonsense-suppression methods. Structural studies (X-ray crystallography, NMR spectroscopy) are necessary to support the functional studies and to afford predictable engineering. The reprogramming and re-engineering of channels can be used for sensing applications, treatment of channelopathies, chemical neurobiology, and providing novel lead compounds for targeting ion channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Grosse
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
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Bonardi F, London G, Nouwen N, Feringa BL, Driessen AJM. Light-Induced Control of Protein Translocation by the SecYEG Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 49:7234-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201002243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Bonardi F, London G, Nouwen N, Feringa BL, Driessen AJM. Light-Induced Control of Protein Translocation by the SecYEG Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201002243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Reitz S, Cebi M, Reiß P, Studnik G, Linne U, Koert U, Essen LO. On the Function and Structure of Synthetically Modified Porins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:4853-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200900457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Reitz S, Cebi M, Reiß P, Studnik G, Linne U, Koert U, Essen L. Zur Funktion und Struktur synthetisch modifizierter Porine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200900457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Brenzel S, Cebi M, Reiß P, Koert U, Mootz HD. Expanding the Scope of ProteinTrans-Splicing to Fragment Ligation of an Integral Membrane Protein: Towards Modulation of Porin-Based Ion Channels by Chemical Modification. Chembiochem 2009; 10:983-6. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200900039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Kay ER, Leigh DA, Zerbetto F. Synthetic molecular motors and mechanical machines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:72-191. [PMID: 17133632 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200504313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2050] [Impact Index Per Article: 120.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The widespread use of controlled molecular-level motion in key natural processes suggests that great rewards could come from bridging the gap between the present generation of synthetic molecular systems, which by and large rely upon electronic and chemical effects to carry out their functions, and the machines of the macroscopic world, which utilize the synchronized movements of smaller parts to perform specific tasks. This is a scientific area of great contemporary interest and extraordinary recent growth, yet the notion of molecular-level machines dates back to a time when the ideas surrounding the statistical nature of matter and the laws of thermodynamics were first being formulated. Here we outline the exciting successes in taming molecular-level movement thus far, the underlying principles that all experimental designs must follow, and the early progress made towards utilizing synthetic molecular structures to perform tasks using mechanical motion. We also highlight some of the issues and challenges that still need to be overcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Euan R Kay
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, The King's Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JJ, UK
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Kay E, Leigh D, Zerbetto F. Synthetische molekulare Motoren und mechanische Maschinen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200504313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 587] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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