1
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Kang S, Yeo HM, Kim TH. S
‐Benzyl‐
N,N′
‐diphenyl Isothiouronium Iodide as an Efficient Organocatalyst for the Transfer Hydrogenation of 1,4‐Benzoxazines. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202103392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sungmin Kang
- School of Chemical Engineering College of Engineering Chonnam National University Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung Min Yeo
- School of Chemical Engineering College of Engineering Chonnam National University Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Taek Hyeon Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering College of Engineering Chonnam National University Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
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2
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Pálvölgyi ÁM, Scharinger F, Schnürch M, Bica‐Schröder K. Chiral Phosphoric Acids as Versatile Tools for Organocatalytic Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenations. European J Org Chem 2021; 2021:5367-5381. [PMID: 34819797 PMCID: PMC8597106 DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Herein, recent developments in the field of organocatalytic asymmetric transfer hydrogenation (ATH) of C=N, C=O and C=C double bonds using chiral phosphoric acid catalysis are reviewed. This still rapidly growing area of asymmetric catalysis relies on metal-free catalysts in combination with biomimetic hydrogen sources. Chiral phosphoric acids have proven to be extremely versatile tools in this area, providing highly active and enantioselective alternatives for the asymmetric reduction of α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds, imines and various heterocycles. Eventually, such transformations are more and more often used in multicomponent/cascade reactions, which undoubtedly shows their great synthetic potential and the bright future of organocatalytic asymmetric transfer hydrogenations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ádám Márk Pálvölgyi
- Institute of Applied Synthetic ChemistryTU WienGetreidemarkt Vienna, 9/1631060WienAustria
| | - Fabian Scharinger
- Institute of Applied Synthetic ChemistryTU WienGetreidemarkt Vienna, 9/1631060WienAustria
| | - Michael Schnürch
- Institute of Applied Synthetic ChemistryTU WienGetreidemarkt Vienna, 9/1631060WienAustria
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3
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Griboura N, Gatzonas K, Neochoritis CG. Still Relevant Today: The Asinger Multicomponent Reaction. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:1997-2020. [PMID: 33769692 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The Asinger multicomponent reaction is a versatile synthetic tool which gives access to multiple drug-like scaffolds such as 3-thiazolines. The diversity and easy access of its starting materials, its operational simplicity combined with mild conditions and relatively good yields, renders the Asinger reaction, today more than ever, a cornerstone not only in heterocyclic chemistry and modern synthesis but also in medicinal chemistry. In this review, we perform a thorough analysis of the scope and limitations on the different reaction variants with their starting materials, the three-dimensional solid-state conformations of the Asinger derivatives, and we underline and classify all the major post-modifications that have been described. In addition, we report all the major applications in drug discovery projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nefeli Griboura
- Chemistry Department, School of Science and Engineering, University of Crete, 70013, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Gatzonas
- Chemistry Department, School of Science and Engineering, University of Crete, 70013, Heraklion, Greece
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4
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Lerchen A, Gandhamsetty N, Farrar EHE, Winter N, Platzek J, Grayson MN, Aggarwal VK. Enantioselective Total Synthesis of (-)-Finerenone Using Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:23107-23111. [PMID: 32890415 PMCID: PMC7839499 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202011256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
(-)-Finerenone is a nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist currently in phase III clinical trials for the treatment of chronic kidney disease in type 2 diabetes. It contains an unusual dihydronaphthyridine core. We report a 6-step synthesis of (-)-finerenone, which features an enantioselective partial transfer hydrogenation of a naphthyridine using a chiral phosphoric acid catalyst with a Hantzsch ester. The process is complicated by the fact that the naphthyridine exists as a mixture of two atropisomers that react at different rates and with different selectivities. The intrinsic kinetic resolution was converted into a kinetic dynamic resolution at elevated temperature, which enabled us to obtain (-)-finerenone in both high yield and high enantioselectivity. DFT calculations have revealed the origin of selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Lerchen
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolCantock's CloseBristolBS8 1TSUK
| | | | | | - Nils Winter
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolCantock's CloseBristolBS8 1TSUK
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5
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Lerchen A, Gandhamsetty N, Farrar EHE, Winter N, Platzek J, Grayson MN, Aggarwal VK. Enantioselective Total Synthesis of (−)‐Finerenone Using Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202011256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Lerchen
- School of Chemistry University of Bristol Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | | | | | - Nils Winter
- School of Chemistry University of Bristol Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | | | - Matthew N. Grayson
- Department of Chemistry University of Bath Claverton Down Bath BA2 7AY UK
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6
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Pan HJ, Hu X. Biomimetic Hydrogenation Catalyzed by a Manganese Model of [Fe]-Hydrogenase. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:4942-4946. [PMID: 31820844 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201914377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
[Fe]-hydrogenase is an efficient biological hydrogenation catalyst. Despite intense research, Fe complexes mimicking the active site of [Fe]-hydrogenase have not achieved turnovers in hydrogenation reactions. Herein, we describe the design and development of a manganese(I) mimic of [Fe]-hydrogenase. This complex exhibits the highest activity and broadest scope in catalytic hydrogenation among known mimics. Thanks to its biomimetic nature, the complex exhibits unique activity in the hydrogenation of compounds analogous to methenyl-H4 MPT+ , the natural substrate of [Fe]-hydrogenase. This activity enables asymmetric relay hydrogenation of benzoxazinones and benzoxazines, involving the hydrogenation of a chiral hydride transfer agent using our catalyst coupled to Lewis acid-catalyzed hydride transfer from this agent to the substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Jie Pan
- Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Catalysis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), ISIC-LSCI, BCH 3305, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Xile Hu
- Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Catalysis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), ISIC-LSCI, BCH 3305, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
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7
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Pan H, Hu X. Biomimetic Hydrogenation Catalyzed by a Manganese Model of [Fe]‐Hydrogenase. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201914377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui‐Jie Pan
- Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and CatalysisInstitute of Chemical Sciences and EngineeringÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), ISIC-LSCI BCH 3305 Lausanne 1015 Switzerland
| | - Xile Hu
- Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and CatalysisInstitute of Chemical Sciences and EngineeringÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), ISIC-LSCI BCH 3305 Lausanne 1015 Switzerland
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8
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Chen X, Jiang H, Li X, Hou B, Gong W, Wu X, Han X, Zheng F, Liu Y, Jiang J, Cui Y. Chiral Phosphoric Acids in Metal–Organic Frameworks with Enhanced Acidity and Tunable Catalytic Selectivity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201908959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Hong Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Xu Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore 117576 Singapore
| | - Bang Hou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Wei Gong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Xiaowei Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Xing Han
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Fanfan Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Yan Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Jianwen Jiang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore 117576 Singapore
| | - Yong Cui
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
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9
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Chen X, Jiang H, Li X, Hou B, Gong W, Wu X, Han X, Zheng F, Liu Y, Jiang J, Cui Y. Chiral Phosphoric Acids in Metal–Organic Frameworks with Enhanced Acidity and Tunable Catalytic Selectivity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:14748-14757. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201908959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Hong Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Xu Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore 117576 Singapore
| | - Bang Hou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Wei Gong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Xiaowei Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Xing Han
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Fanfan Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Yan Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Jianwen Jiang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore 117576 Singapore
| | - Yong Cui
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
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10
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Alom NE, Kaur N, Wu F, Saluga SJ, Li W. Catalytic Regio- and Stereoselective Alkene Sulfenoamination for 1,4-Benzothiazine Synthesis. Chemistry 2019; 25:6902-6906. [PMID: 30913321 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201900549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
An alkene sulfenoamination reaction with 2-aminothiophenol is developed using iodide catalysis. This reaction renders access to useful 1,4-benzothiazines with good functional group compatibility including both electron-donating and electron-withdrawing substituents. The reaction is proposed to proceed through an inversion of the polarity of the thiol functionality. Our mechanistic studies reveal that both thiiranium and thiyl radical pathways are plausible and that the disulfide reagent can also function as a viable substrate in this reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur-E Alom
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and School of Green Chemistry and Engineering, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, 43606, USA
| | - Navdeep Kaur
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and School of Green Chemistry and Engineering, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, 43606, USA
| | - Fan Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and School of Green Chemistry and Engineering, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, 43606, USA
| | - Shannon Jasmine Saluga
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and School of Green Chemistry and Engineering, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, 43606, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and School of Green Chemistry and Engineering, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, 43606, USA
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11
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Lee A, Zhu JL, Feoktistova T, Brueckner AC, Cheong PH, Scheidt KA. Carbene‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Decarboxylative Annulations to Access Dihydrobenzoxazinones and Quinolones. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201900600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ansoo Lee
- Department of ChemistryCenter for Molecular Innovation and Drug DiscoveryNorthwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Joshua L. Zhu
- Department of ChemistryCenter for Molecular Innovation and Drug DiscoveryNorthwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Taisiia Feoktistova
- Department of ChemistryOregon State University 153 Gilbert Hall Corvallis OR 97331 USA
| | | | - Paul H.‐Y. Cheong
- Department of ChemistryOregon State University 153 Gilbert Hall Corvallis OR 97331 USA
| | - Karl A. Scheidt
- Department of ChemistryCenter for Molecular Innovation and Drug DiscoveryNorthwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA
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12
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Lee A, Zhu JL, Feoktistova T, Brueckner AC, Cheong PHY, Scheidt KA. Carbene-Catalyzed Enantioselective Decarboxylative Annulations to Access Dihydrobenzoxazinones and Quinolones. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:5941-5945. [PMID: 30843323 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201900600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A direct decarboxylative strategy for the generation of aza-o-quinone methides (aza-o-QMs) by N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalysis has been discovered and explored. This process requires no stoichiometric additives in contrast with current approaches. Aza-o-QMs react with trifluoromethyl ketones through a formal [4+2] manifold to access highly enantioenriched dihydrobenzoxazin-4-one products, which can be converted to dihydroquinolones through an interesting stereoretentive aza-Petasis-Ferrier rearrangement sequence. Complementary dispersion-corrected density functional theory (DFT) studies provided an accurate prediction of the reaction enantioselectivity and lend further insight to the origins of stereocontrol. Additionally, a computed potential energy surface around the major transition structure suggests a concerted asynchronous mechanism for the formal annulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ansoo Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Joshua L Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Taisiia Feoktistova
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, 153 Gilbert Hall, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Alexander C Brueckner
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, 153 Gilbert Hall, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Paul H-Y Cheong
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, 153 Gilbert Hall, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Karl A Scheidt
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
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13
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Wang J, Zhu Z, Chen M, Chen Q, Zhou Y. Catalytic Biomimetic Asymmetric Reduction of Alkenes and Imines Enabled by Chiral and Regenerable NAD(P)H Models. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201813400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of CatalysisDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences 457 Zhongshan Road Dalian 116023 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Zhou‐Hao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of CatalysisDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences 457 Zhongshan Road Dalian 116023 China
| | - Mu‐Wang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of CatalysisDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences 457 Zhongshan Road Dalian 116023 China
| | - Qing‐An Chen
- State Key Laboratory of CatalysisDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences 457 Zhongshan Road Dalian 116023 China
| | - Yong‐Gui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of CatalysisDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences 457 Zhongshan Road Dalian 116023 China
- State Key Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsZhang Dayu School of ChemistryDalian University of Technology Dalian China
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14
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Wang J, Zhu ZH, Chen MW, Chen QA, Zhou YG. Catalytic Biomimetic Asymmetric Reduction of Alkenes and Imines Enabled by Chiral and Regenerable NAD(P)H Models. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:1813-1817. [PMID: 30556234 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201813400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The development of biomimetic chemistry based on the NAD(P)H with hydrogen gas as terminal reductant is a long-standing challenge. Through rational design of the chiral and regenerable NAD(P)H analogues based on planar-chiral ferrocene, a biomimetic asymmetric reduction has been realized using bench-stable Lewis acids as transfer catalysts. A broad set of alkenes and imines could be reduced with up to 98 % yield and 98 % ee, likely enabled by enzyme-like cooperative bifunctional activation. This reaction represents the first general biomimetic asymmetric reduction (BMAR) process enabled by chiral and regenerable NAD(P)H analogues. This concept demonstrates catalytic utility of a chiral coenzyme NAD(P)H in asymmetric catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhou-Hao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Mu-Wang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Qing-An Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Yong-Gui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, China.,State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
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15
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Stevanović D, Bertuzzi G, Mazzanti A, Fochi M, Bernardi L. Catalytic Enantioselective Povarov Reactions of Ferrocenecarbaldehyde-Derived Imines - Brønsted Acid Catalysis at Parts-Per-Million Level Loading. Adv Synth Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201701484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dragana Stevanović
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari” & INSTM RU Bologna; Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna; V. Risorgimento 4 40136 Bologna Italy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science; University of Kragujevac; R. Domanovića 12 34000 Kragujevac Serbia
| | - Giulio Bertuzzi
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari” & INSTM RU Bologna; Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna; V. Risorgimento 4 40136 Bologna Italy
| | - Andrea Mazzanti
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari” & INSTM RU Bologna; Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna; V. Risorgimento 4 40136 Bologna Italy
| | - Mariafrancesca Fochi
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari” & INSTM RU Bologna; Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna; V. Risorgimento 4 40136 Bologna Italy
| | - Luca Bernardi
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari” & INSTM RU Bologna; Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna; V. Risorgimento 4 40136 Bologna Italy
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16
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Reid JP, Goodman JM. Selecting Chiral BINOL-Derived Phosphoric Acid Catalysts: General Model To Identify Steric Features Essential for Enantioselectivity. Chemistry 2017; 23:14248-14260. [PMID: 28771900 PMCID: PMC5656902 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201702019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Choosing the optimal catalyst for a new transformation is challenging because the ideal molecular requirements of the catalyst for one reaction do not always simply translate to another. Large groups at the 3,3' positions of the binaphthol rings are important for efficient stereoinduction but if they are too large this can lead to unusual or poor results. By applying a quantitative steric assessment of the substituents at the 3,3' positions of the binaphthol ring, we have systematically studied the effect of modulating this group on enantioselectivity for a wide range of reactions involving imines, and verified this analysis using ONIOM calculations. We have shown that in most reactions, the stereochemical outcome depends on both proximal and remote sterics. Summarising detailed calculations into a simple qualitative model identifies and explains the steric features required for high selectivity. This model is consistent with seventy seven papers reporting reactions (over 1000 transformations in total), and provides a straightforward decision tree for selecting the best catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolene P. Reid
- Centre for Molecular Informatics, Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeLensfield RoadCambridgeCB2 1EWUnited Kingdom
| | - Jonathan M. Goodman
- Centre for Molecular Informatics, Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeLensfield RoadCambridgeCB2 1EWUnited Kingdom
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17
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Bew SP, Liddle J, Hughes DL, Pesce P, Thurston SM. Chiral Brønsted Acid-Catalyzed Asymmetric Synthesis of N
-Aryl-cis
-aziridine Carboxylate Esters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201611990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sean P. Bew
- School of Chemistry; Norwich Research Park; University of East Anglia; Norwich NR4 7TJ UK
| | - John Liddle
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; GlaxoSmithKline; Gunnels Wood Road Stevenage Hertfordshire UK
| | - David L. Hughes
- School of Chemistry; Norwich Research Park; University of East Anglia; Norwich NR4 7TJ UK
| | - Paolo Pesce
- School of Chemistry; Norwich Research Park; University of East Anglia; Norwich NR4 7TJ UK
| | - Sean M. Thurston
- School of Chemistry; Norwich Research Park; University of East Anglia; Norwich NR4 7TJ UK
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18
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Bew SP, Liddle J, Hughes DL, Pesce P, Thurston SM. Chiral Brønsted Acid-Catalyzed Asymmetric Synthesis of N-Aryl-cis-aziridine Carboxylate Esters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:5322-5326. [PMID: 28378388 PMCID: PMC5502890 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201611990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We report a multi‐component asymmetric Brønsted acid‐catalyzed aza‐Darzens reaction which is not limited to specific aromatic or heterocyclic aldehydes. Incorporating alkyl diazoacetates and, important for high ee's, ortho‐tert‐butoxyaniline our optimized reaction (i.e. solvent, temperature and catalyst study) affords excellent yields (61–98 %) and mostly >90 % optically active cis‐aziridines. (+)‐Chloramphenicol was generated in 4 steps from commercial starting materials. A tentative mechanism is outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean P Bew
- School of Chemistry, Norwich Research Park, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - John Liddle
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, GlaxoSmithKline, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - David L Hughes
- School of Chemistry, Norwich Research Park, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Paolo Pesce
- School of Chemistry, Norwich Research Park, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Sean M Thurston
- School of Chemistry, Norwich Research Park, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
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19
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Pan HJ, Zhang Y, Shan C, Yu Z, Lan Y, Zhao Y. Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation of Imines using Alcohol: Efficiency and Selectivity are Influenced by the Hydrogen Donor. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201604025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Jie Pan
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Yao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Chunhui Shan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Chongqing University; Chongqing 400030 P.R. China
| | - Zhaoyuan Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Chongqing University; Chongqing 400030 P.R. China
| | - Yu Lan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Chongqing University; Chongqing 400030 P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
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20
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Pan HJ, Zhang Y, Shan C, Yu Z, Lan Y, Zhao Y. Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation of Imines using Alcohol: Efficiency and Selectivity are Influenced by the Hydrogen Donor. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:9615-9. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201604025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Jie Pan
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Yao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Chunhui Shan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Chongqing University; Chongqing 400030 P.R. China
| | - Zhaoyuan Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Chongqing University; Chongqing 400030 P.R. China
| | - Yu Lan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Chongqing University; Chongqing 400030 P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
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21
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Hydrogenation and Transfer Hydrogenation Promoted by Tethered Ru−S Complexes: From Cooperative Dihydrogen Activation to Hydride Abstraction/Proton Release from Dihydrogen Surrogates. Chemistry 2016; 22:10009-16. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201600386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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22
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Liu C, Besora M, Maseras F. Computational Characterization of the Origin of Selectivity in Cycloaddition Reactions Catalyzed by Phosphoric Acid Derivatives. Chem Asian J 2016; 11:411-6. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201501099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Revised: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chunhui Liu
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ); The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; Avgda. Països Catalans, 16 43007 Tarragona Catalonia Spain
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xuchang University of China; No. 88 Bayi Road Xuchang Henan 461000 P. R. China
| | - Maria Besora
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ); The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; Avgda. Països Catalans, 16 43007 Tarragona Catalonia Spain
| | - Feliu Maseras
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ); The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; Avgda. Països Catalans, 16 43007 Tarragona Catalonia Spain
- Departament de Química; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; 08193 Bellaterra Catalonia Spain
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23
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Zong L, Du S, Chin KF, Wang C, Tan CH. Enantioselective Synthesis of Quaternary Carbon Stereocenters: Addition of 3-Substituted Oxindoles to Vinyl Sulfone Catalyzed by Pentanidiums. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:9390-3. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201503844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Revised: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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24
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Zong L, Du S, Chin KF, Wang C, Tan CH. Enantioselective Synthesis of Quaternary Carbon Stereocenters: Addition of 3-Substituted Oxindoles to Vinyl Sulfone Catalyzed by Pentanidiums. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201503844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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25
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Ghorai MK, Sayyad M, Nanaji Y, Jana S. A Synthetic Route to Chiral Dihydrobenzothiazines through Ring Opening of Activated Aziridines with 2-Halothiophenols/Copper-Powder-Mediated C−N Cyclization. Chem Asian J 2015; 10:1480-9. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201500153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manas K. Ghorai
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur; Kanpur 208016 India
| | - Masthanvali Sayyad
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur; Kanpur 208016 India
| | - Yerramsetti Nanaji
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur; Kanpur 208016 India
| | - Sourita Jana
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur; Kanpur 208016 India
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26
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Zhou S, Fleischer S, Jiao H, Junge K, Beller M. Cooperative Catalysis with Iron and a Chiral Brønsted Acid for Asymmetric Reductive Amination of Ketones. Adv Synth Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201400328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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27
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28
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Zhang Y, Lim CS, Sim DSB, Pan HJ, Zhao Y. Catalytic Enantioselective Amination of Alcohols by the Use of Borrowing Hydrogen Methodology: Cooperative Catalysis by Iridium and a Chiral Phosphoric Acid. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 53:1399-403. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201307789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Revised: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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29
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Catalytic Enantioselective Amination of Alcohols by the Use of Borrowing Hydrogen Methodology: Cooperative Catalysis by Iridium and a Chiral Phosphoric Acid. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201307789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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30
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Bah J, Franzén J. Carbocations as Lewis acid catalysts in Diels-Alder and Michael addition reactions. Chemistry 2013; 20:1066-72. [PMID: 24375806 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201304160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
In general, Lewis acid catalysts are metal-based compounds that owe their reactivity to a low-lying empty orbital. However, one potential Lewis acid that has received negligible attention as a catalyst is the carbocation. We have demonstrated the potential of the carbocation as a highly powerful Lewis acid catalyst for organic reactions. The stable and easily available triphenylmethyl (trityl) cation was found to be a highly efficient catalyst for the Diels-Alder reaction for a range of substrates. Catalyst loadings as low as 500 ppm, excellent yields, and good endo/exo selectivities were achieved. Furthermore, by changing the electronic properties of the substituents on the tritylium ion, the Lewis acidity of the catalyst could be tuned to control the outcome of the reaction. The ability of this carbocation as a Lewis acid catalyst was also further extended to the Michael reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juho Bah
- Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Teknikringen 30, 10044 Stockholm (Sweden)
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31
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Wang YQ, Zhang Y, Pan K, You J, Zhao J. Direct Organocatalytic Asymmetric Mannich Addition of 3-Substituted-2H-1,4-Benzoxazines: Access to Tetrasubstituted Carbon Stereocenters. Adv Synth Catal 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201300654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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32
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Arai N, Saruwatari Y, Isobe K, Ohkuma T. Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Quinoxalines, Benzoxazines, and a Benzothiazine Catalyzed by Chiral Ruthenabicyclic Complexes. Adv Synth Catal 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201300604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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33
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Fleischer S, Zhou S, Werkmeister S, Junge K, Beller M. Cooperative Iron-Brønsted Acid Catalysis: Enantioselective Hydrogenation of Quinoxalines and 2 H-1,4-Benzoxazines. Chemistry 2013; 19:4997-5003. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201204236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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34
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Greb L, Oña-Burgos P, Schirmer B, Grimme S, Stephan DW, Paradies J. Metal-free Catalytic Olefin Hydrogenation: Low-Temperature H2 Activation by Frustrated Lewis Pairs. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:10164-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201204007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2012] [Revised: 06/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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35
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Greb L, Oña-Burgos P, Schirmer B, Grimme S, Stephan DW, Paradies J. Metal-free Catalytic Olefin Hydrogenation: Low-Temperature H2 Activation by Frustrated Lewis Pairs. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201204007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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36
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Werkmeister S, Fleischer S, Junge K, Beller M. Towards a Zinc‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation/Transfer Hydrogenation of Imines. Chem Asian J 2012; 7:2562-8. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201200309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2012] [Revised: 06/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Svenja Werkmeister
- Leibniz‐Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert‐Einstein‐Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock (Germany), Fax: (+49) 381‐1281‐5000
| | - Steffen Fleischer
- Leibniz‐Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert‐Einstein‐Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock (Germany), Fax: (+49) 381‐1281‐5000
| | - Kathrin Junge
- Leibniz‐Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert‐Einstein‐Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock (Germany), Fax: (+49) 381‐1281‐5000
| | - Matthias Beller
- Leibniz‐Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert‐Einstein‐Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock (Germany), Fax: (+49) 381‐1281‐5000
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Fleischer S, Werkmeister S, Zhou S, Junge K, Beller M. Consecutive Intermolecular Reductive Hydroamination: Cooperative Transition-Metal and Chiral Brønsted Acid Catalysis. Chemistry 2012; 18:9005-10. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201200109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2012] [Revised: 04/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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38
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Brønsted Acid Activation Strategy in Transition-Metal Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of N-Unprotected Imines, Enamines, and N-Heteroaromatic Compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:6060-72. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201200963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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39
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Yu Z, Jin W, Jiang Q. Brønsted-Säure-Aktivierung bei der übergangsmetallkatalysierten asymmetrischen Hydrierung N-ungeschützter Imine, Enamine und N-Heteroarene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201200963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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40
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Kundu DS, Schmidt J, Bleschke C, Thomas A, Blechert S. A Microporous Binol-Derived Phosphoric Acid. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201109072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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41
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Kundu DS, Schmidt J, Bleschke C, Thomas A, Blechert S. A Microporous Binol-Derived Phosphoric Acid. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:5456-9. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201109072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2011] [Revised: 02/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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42
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Gao K, Yu CB, Wang DS, Zhou YG. Iridium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of 3-Substituted 2H-1,4-Benzoxazines. Adv Synth Catal 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201100568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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43
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Qian Y, Jing C, Zhai C, Hu WH. A Novel Method for Synthesizing N-Alkoxycarbonyl Aryl α-Imino Esters and Their Applications in Enantioselective Transformations. Adv Synth Catal 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201100615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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44
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Bleschke C, Schmidt J, Kundu DS, Blechert S, Thomas A. A Chiral Microporous Polymer Network as Asymmetric Heterogeneous Organocatalyst. Adv Synth Catal 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201100674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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45
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Liu XY, Guo Z, Dong SS, Li XH, Che CM. Highly Efficient and Diastereoselective Gold(I)-Catalyzed Synthesis of Tertiary Amines from Secondary Amines and Alkynes: Substrate Scope and Mechanistic Insights. Chemistry 2011; 17:12932-45. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201101982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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46
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Nguyen TB, Wang Q, Guéritte F. Chiral Phosphoric Acid Catalyzed Enantioselective Transfer Hydrogenation of ortho-Hydroxybenzophenone NH Ketimines and Applications. Chemistry 2011; 17:9576-80. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201101694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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47
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Rulli G, Duangdee N, Baer K, Hummel W, Berkessel A, Gröger H. Gesteuerte kinetisch oder thermodynamisch kontrollierte Organokatalyse und Anwendung in der chemoenzymatischen Synthese. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201008042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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48
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Rulli G, Duangdee N, Baer K, Hummel W, Berkessel A, Gröger H. Direction of Kinetically versus Thermodynamically Controlled Organocatalysis and Its Application in Chemoenzymatic Synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:7944-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201008042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2010] [Revised: 04/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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49
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Zhou S, Fleischer S, Junge K, Beller M. Cooperative Transition-Metal and Chiral Brønsted Acid Catalysis: Enantioselective Hydrogenation of Imines To Form Amines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201100878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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50
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Zhou S, Fleischer S, Junge K, Beller M. Cooperative Transition-Metal and Chiral Brønsted Acid Catalysis: Enantioselective Hydrogenation of Imines To Form Amines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:5120-4. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201100878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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