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Danneberg F, Westemeier H, Horx P, Zellmann F, Dörr K, Kalden E, Zeiger M, Akpinar A, Berger R, Göbel MW. RNA Hydrolysis by Heterocyclic Amidines and Guanidines: Parameters Affecting Reactivity. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Friederike Danneberg
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Chemische Biologie Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Max-von-Laue-Str. 7 D-60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Hauke Westemeier
- Fachbereich Chemie Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Straße 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Philip Horx
- Fachbereich Chemie Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Straße 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Felix Zellmann
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Chemische Biologie Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Max-von-Laue-Str. 7 D-60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Kathrin Dörr
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Chemische Biologie Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Max-von-Laue-Str. 7 D-60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Elisabeth Kalden
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Chemische Biologie Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Max-von-Laue-Str. 7 D-60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Mirco Zeiger
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Chemische Biologie Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Max-von-Laue-Str. 7 D-60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Abdullah Akpinar
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Chemische Biologie Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Max-von-Laue-Str. 7 D-60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Robert Berger
- Fachbereich Chemie Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Straße 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Michael W. Göbel
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Chemische Biologie Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Max-von-Laue-Str. 7 D-60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany
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2
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Foley W, Arman H, Musie GT. Homodinuclear copper(II) and zinc(II) complexes of a carboxylate-rich ligand as synthetic mimics of phosphoester hydrolase in aqueous solutions. J Inorg Biochem 2021; 225:111589. [PMID: 34530333 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis, characterization and catalytic activities of two homodinuclear Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes of a carboxylate-rich ligand, N,N'-Bis[2-carboxybenzomethyl]-N,N' -Bis[carboxymethyl]-1,3-diaminopropan-2-ol (H5ccdp) ligand towards the hydrolysis of (p-nitrophenyl phosphate) (PNPP) and bis(p-nitrophenyl) phosphate (BNPP) substrates in aqueous systems are described. Kinetic investigations were carried out using UV-Vis spectrophotometric techniques at 25 °C and 37 °C and different pH (7-10) conditions. The kinetic studies revealed that the turnover rate (kcat) values among the PNPP hydrolysis systems, the highest and the lowest kcat values were displayed by [Cu2(ccdp)(μ-OAc)]2- at 2.34 × 10-6 s-1 (pH 8 and 37 °C) and 2.13 × 10-8 s-1 (pH 8 and 25 °C), respectively. However, similar comparisons among the BNPP hydrolysis revealed that highest and the lowest kcat values were displayed by [Zn2(ccdp)(μ-OAc)]2- at 4.64 × 10-8 s-1 (pH 9 and 37 °C) and 2.38 × 10-9 (pH 9 and 25 °C). Significantly enough, the catalyst-substrate adduct species containing a metal bound PNPP and BNPP have been detected by ESI-MS techniques. Additionally, a PNPP-bound copper complex has been isolated and crystalized using single crystal X-ray diffraction technique. Based on the structural and activity information obtained in this study, reaction mechanisms for the hydrolysis of PNPP have been proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Foley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, United States
| | - Hadi Arman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, United States
| | - Ghezai T Musie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, United States.
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3
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Cao YJ, Yao MX, Prins LJ, Ji RX, Liu N, Sun XY, Jiang YB, Shen JS. Self-Assembled Multivalent Ag-SR Coordination Polymers with Phosphatase-Like Activity. Chemistry 2021; 27:7646-7650. [PMID: 33871127 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
We show herein the phosphatase-like catalytic activity of coordination polymers obtained after adding Ag+ -ions to thiols bearing hydrophobic alkyl chains terminated with a 1,4,7-triazacyclononane (TACN) group. The subsequent addition of Zn2+ -ions to the self-assembled polymers resulted in the formation of multivalent metal coordination polymers capable of catalysing the transphosphorylation of an RNA-model compound (2-hydroxypropyl-4-nitrophenyl phosphate, HPNPP) with high reactivity. Analysis of a series of metal ions showed that the highest catalytic activity was obtained when Ag+ -ions were used as the first metal ions to construct the backbone of the coordination polymer through interaction with the -SH group followed by Zn2+ -ions as the second metal ions complexed by the TACN-macrocycle. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the catalytic activity could be modulated by changing the length of the hydrophobic alkyl chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Juan Cao
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Advanced Manufacturing, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Mei-Xia Yao
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Advanced Manufacturing, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Leonard J Prins
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Rui-Xue Ji
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Advanced Manufacturing, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Advanced Manufacturing, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Xiang-Ying Sun
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Advanced Manufacturing, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Yun-Bao Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Jiang-Shan Shen
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Advanced Manufacturing, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
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4
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Bím D, Svobodová E, Eigner V, Rulíšek L, Hodačová J. Copper(II) and Zinc(II) Complexes of Conformationally Constrained Polyazamacrocycles as Efficient Catalysts for RNA Model Substrate Cleavage in Aqueous Solution at Physiological pH. Chemistry 2016; 22:10426-37. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Bím
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology; University of Chemistry and Technology; Technická 5 166 28 Prague 6 Czech Republic), Fax: (+420) 220-444-288
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; v.v.i. and Gilead Sciences Research Center, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Flemingovo náměstí 2 166 10 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Eva Svobodová
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology; University of Chemistry and Technology; Technická 5 166 28 Prague 6 Czech Republic), Fax: (+420) 220-444-288
| | - Václav Eigner
- Department of Solid State Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology; University of Chemistry and Technology; Technická 5 166 28 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Lubomír Rulíšek
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; v.v.i. and Gilead Sciences Research Center, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Flemingovo náměstí 2 166 10 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Jana Hodačová
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology; University of Chemistry and Technology; Technická 5 166 28 Prague 6 Czech Republic), Fax: (+420) 220-444-288
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5
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Bosch S, Comba P, Gahan LR, Hanson GR, Noble C, Schenk G, Wadepohl H. Selective Coordination of Gallium(III), Zinc(II), and Copper(II) by an Asymmetric Dinucleating Ligand: A Model for Metallophosphatases. Chemistry 2015; 21:18269-79. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201503348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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6
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Zulkefeli M, Hisamatsu Y, Suzuki A, Miyazawa Y, Shiro M, Aoki S. Supramolecular Phosphatases Formed by the Self-Assembly of the Bis(Zn2+-Cyclen) Complex, Copper(II), and Barbital Derivatives in Water. Chem Asian J 2014; 9:2831-41. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201402513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Revised: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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7
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Tirel EY, Bellamy Z, Adams H, Lebrun V, Duarte F, Williams NH. Catalytic zinc complexes for phosphate diester hydrolysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:8246-50. [PMID: 24919567 PMCID: PMC4140542 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201400335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2014] [Revised: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Creating efficient artificial catalysts that can compete with biocatalysis has been an enduring challenge which has yet to be met. Reported herein is the synthesis and characterization of a series of zinc complexes designed to catalyze the hydrolysis of phosphate diesters. By introducing a hydrated aldehyde into the ligand we achieve turnover for DNA-like substrates which, combined with ligand methylation, increases reactivity by two orders of magnitude. In contrast to current orthodoxy and mechanistic explanations, we propose a mechanism where the nucleophile is not coordinated to the metal ion, but involves a tautomer with a more effective Lewis acid and more reactive nucleophile. This data suggests a new strategy for creating more efficient metal ion based catalysts, and highlights a possible mode of action for metalloenzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zoë Bellamy
- Department of Chemistry, Sheffield UniversitySheffield (UK)
| | - Harry Adams
- Department of Chemistry, Sheffield UniversitySheffield (UK)
| | - Vincent Lebrun
- Department of Chemistry, Sheffield UniversitySheffield (UK)
| | - Fernanda Duarte
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala UniversityUppsala (Sweden)
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8
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Tirel EY, Bellamy Z, Adams H, Lebrun V, Duarte F, Williams NH. Catalytic Zinc Complexes for Phosphate Diester Hydrolysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201400335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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9
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Zhang X, Xu X, Xu H, Zhang X, Phillips DL, Zhao C. Mechanistic Investigation into the Cleavage of a Phosphomonoester Mediated by a Symmetrical Oxyimine-Based Macrocyclic Zinc(II) Complex. Chemphyschem 2014; 15:1887-98. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201301216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Revised: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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10
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Zhang X, Zhu Y, Zheng X, Phillips DL, Zhao C. Mechanismic Investigation on the Cleavage of Phosphate Monoester Catalyzed by Unsymmetrical Macrocyclic Dinuclear Complexes: The Selection of Metal Centers and the Intrinsic Flexibility of the Ligand. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:3354-61. [DOI: 10.1021/ic402717x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuepeng Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry/KLGHEI
of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yajie Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry/KLGHEI
of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaowei Zheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry/KLGHEI
of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People’s Republic of China
| | - David Lee Phillips
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cunyuan Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry/KLGHEI
of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People’s Republic of China
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11
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Jadhav JR, Wasi Ahmad M, Kim HS. Selective recognition of H2PO4- by a cholestane-imidazole-zinc ensemble. Tetrahedron Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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12
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Geibel B, Merschky M, Rether C, Schmuck C. Artificial Enzyme Mimics. Supramol Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/9780470661345.smc159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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13
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Ng GKY, Ziller JW, Borovik AS. Preparation and structures of dinuclear complexes containing M(II)-OH centers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:2546-8. [PMID: 22288074 PMCID: PMC3777269 DOI: 10.1039/c2cc16277f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of M(II)(2) complexes (M(II)=Co, Mn) with terminal hydroxo ligands has been achieved utilizing a dinucleating ligand containing a bridging pyrazolate unit and appended (neopentyl)aminopyridyl groups. Structural studies on the complexes revealed that the M(II)-OH units are positioned in a syn-configuration, placing the hydroxo ligands in close proximity (ca. 3 Å apart), which may be a prerequisite for water oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary K.-Y. Ng
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Irvine, 1102 Natural Science II, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Joseph W. Ziller
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Irvine, 1102 Natural Science II, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - A. S. Borovik
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Irvine, 1102 Natural Science II, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
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Korhonen H, Mikkola S, Williams NH. The mechanism of cleavage and isomerisation of RNA promoted by an efficient dinuclear Zn2+ complex. Chemistry 2011; 18:659-70. [PMID: 22162262 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201100721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The cleavage and isomerisation of uridine 3'-alkylphosphates was studied in the presence of a dinuclear Zn(2+) complex, 3. The rate acceleration of the cleavage by 1 mM 3 is approximately 10(6)-fold under neutral conditions. Most remarkably, the complex also promotes the isomerisation of phosphodiester bonds, although the rate-enhancement is more modest: under neutral conditions complex 3 (1 mM) catalyses isomerisation by about 500-fold. The observation of this reaction shows that the reactions of these substrates catalysed by 3 proceed through a stepwise mechanism involving an intermediate phosphorane. A β(lg) value of -0.92 was determined for the 3-promoted cleavage reaction, and modest kinetic solvent deuterium isotope effects ranging from 1.5 to 2.8 were observed. Isomerisation was less sensitive to the nature of the esterifying group, with a β value of -0.5, and the kinetic solvent deuterium isotope effects were less than 1.5. Most of these characteristics of the 3-promoted cleavage are very similar to those for the cleavage of nucleoside 3'-phosphotriesters. These data are explained by a mechanism in which the complex primarily acts as an electrophilic catalyst neutralising the charge on the phosphate and stabilising an intermediate phosphorane, with general acid catalysis promoting the cleavage reaction. In contrast to the behaviour of triesters, isomerisation is significantly slower than cleavage; this suggests that the changes in geometry that occur during isomerisation lead to a much less stable complex between 3 and the phosphorane intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Korhonen
- Department of Chemistry, 20014 University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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15
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Zaupa G, Mora C, Bonomi R, Prins LJ, Scrimin P. Catalytic self-assembled monolayers on Au nanoparticles: the source of catalysis of a transphosphorylation reaction. Chemistry 2011; 17:4879-89. [PMID: 21404344 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201002590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2010] [Revised: 11/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The catalytic activity of a series of Au monolayer protected colloids (Au MPCs) containing different ratios of the catalytic unit triazacyclononane⋅Zn(II) (TACN⋅Zn(II) ) and an inert triethyleneglycol (TEG) unit was measured. The catalytic self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) are highly efficient in the transphosphorylation of 2-hydroxy propyl 4-nitrophenyl phosphate (HPNPP), an RNA model substrate, exhibiting maximum values for the Michaelis-Menten parameters k(cat) and K(M) of 6.7×10(-3) s(-1) and 3.1×10(-4) M, respectively, normalized per catalytic unit. Despite the structural simplicity of the catalytic units, this renders these nanoparticles among the most active catalysts known for this substrate. Both k(cat) and K(M) parameters were determined as a function of the mole fraction of catalytic unit (x(1)) in the SAM. Within this nanoparticle (NP) series, k(cat) increases up till x(1) ≈0.4, after which it remains constant and K(M) decreases exponentially over the range studied. A theoretical analysis demonstrated that these trends are an intrinsic property of catalytic SAMs, in which catalysis originates from the cooperative effect between two neighboring catalytic units. The multivalency of the system causes an increase of the number of potential dimeric catalytic sites composed of two catalytic units as a function of the x(1) , which causes an apparent increase in binding affinity (decrease in K(M)). Simultaneously, the k(cat) value is determined by the number of substrate molecules bound at saturation. For values of x(1) >0.4, isolated catalytic units are no longer present and all catalytic units are involved in catalysis at saturation. Importantly, the observed trends are indicative of a random distribution of the thiols in the SAM. As indicated by the theoretical analysis, and confirmed by a control experiment, in case of clustering both k(cat) and K(M) values remain constant over the entire range of x(1) .
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Zaupa
- Department of Chemical Sciences and CNR-ITM, Padova Section, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
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Avenier F, Hollfelder F. Combining Medium Effects and Cofactor Catalysis: Metal-Coordinated Synzymes Accelerate Phosphate Transfer by 108. Chemistry 2009; 15:12371-80. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200802616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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17
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Lindgren N, Geiger L, Razkin J, Schmuck C, Baltzer L. Downsizing of Enzymes by Chemical Methods: Arginine Mimics with Low pKa Values Increase the Rates of Hydrolysis of RNA Model Compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:6722-5. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200900595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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18
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Lindgren N, Geiger L, Razkin J, Schmuck C, Baltzer L. Downsizing of Enzymes by Chemical Methods: Arginine Mimics with Low pKa Values Increase the Rates of Hydrolysis of RNA Model Compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200900595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Ganesh V, Bodewits K, Bartholdson S, Natale D, Campopiano D, Mareque-Rivas J. Effective Binding and Sensing of Lipopolysaccharide: Combining Complementary Pattern Recognition Receptors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200804168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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20
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Ganesh V, Bodewits K, Bartholdson S, Natale D, Campopiano D, Mareque-Rivas J. Effective Binding and Sensing of Lipopolysaccharide: Combining Complementary Pattern Recognition Receptors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:356-60. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200804168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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21
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Wang Q, Leino E, Jancsó A, Szilágyi I, Gajda T, Hietamäki E, Lönnberg H. Zn2+Complexes of Di‐ and Tri‐nucleating Azacrown Ligands as Base‐Moiety‐Selective Cleaving Agents of RNA 3′,5′‐Phosphodiester Bonds: Binding to Guanine Base. Chembiochem 2008; 9:1739-48. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200800095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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