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Ouadhi S, López DMV, Mohideen FI, Kwan DH. Engineering the enzyme toolbox to tailor glycosylation in small molecule natural products and protein biologics. Protein Eng Des Sel 2023; 36:gzac010. [PMID: 36444941 DOI: 10.1093/protein/gzac010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Many glycosylated small molecule natural products and glycoprotein biologics are important in a broad range of therapeutic and industrial applications. The sugar moieties that decorate these compounds often show a profound impact on their biological functions, thus biocatalytic methods for controlling their glycosylation are valuable. Enzymes from nature are useful tools to tailor bioproduct glycosylation but these sometimes have limitations in their catalytic efficiency, substrate specificity, regiospecificity, stereospecificity, or stability. Enzyme engineering strategies such as directed evolution or semi-rational and rational design have addressed some of the challenges presented by these limitations. In this review, we highlight some of the recent research on engineering enzymes to tailor the glycosylation of small molecule natural products (including alkaloids, terpenoids, polyketides, and peptides), as well as the glycosylation of protein biologics (including hormones, enzyme-replacement therapies, enzyme inhibitors, vaccines, and antibodies).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ouadhi
- Centre for Applied Synthetic Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 2A6, Canada
- PROTEO, Quebec Network for Research on Protein Function, Structure, and Engineering, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Dulce María Valdez López
- Centre for Applied Synthetic Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 2A6, Canada
- PROTEO, Quebec Network for Research on Protein Function, Structure, and Engineering, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - F Ifthiha Mohideen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - David H Kwan
- Centre for Applied Synthetic Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 2A6, Canada
- PROTEO, Quebec Network for Research on Protein Function, Structure, and Engineering, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
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Jang SW, Cho CH, Jung YS, Rha C, Nam TG, Kim DO, Lee YG, Baek NI, Park CS, Lee BH, Lee SY, Shin HS, Seo DH. Enzymatic synthesis of α-flavone glucoside via regioselective transglucosylation by amylosucrase from Deinococcus geothermalis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0207466. [PMID: 30452462 PMCID: PMC6242681 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
α-Flavone glycosides have beneficial properties for applications in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries. However, their chemical syntheses are often limited by a low efficiency or scarcity of substrates. In this study, α-flavone glucosides were enzymatically synthesized by amylosucrase from Deinococcus geothermalis (DGAS) using sucrose and various flavones as a donor for glucosyl units and acceptors, respectively. Luteolin was the most effective acceptor in the transglucosylation reaction using DGAS among nine flavone materials (apigenin, chrysin, 6,7-dihydroxyflavone, homoorientin, 7-hydroxyflavone, isorhoifolin, luteolin, luteolin-3′,7-diglucoside, and orientin). The highest production yield of luteolin glucoside was 86%, with a 7:1 molar ratio of donor to acceptor molecules, in 50 mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH 7) at 37°C for 24 h using 2 U of DGAS. The synthesized luteolin glucoside was identified as luteolin-4′-O-α-D-glucopyranoside with a glucose molecule linked to the C-4′ position on the B-ring of luteolin via an α-glucosidic bond, as determined by 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance. This result clearly confirmed that the glucosylated luteolin was successfully synthesized by DGAS and it can be applied as a functional ingredient. Furthermore, this approach using DGAS has the potential to be utilized for the synthesis of various glucosylated products using different types of polyphenols to enhance their functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se-Won Jang
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi Heung Cho
- Research Group of Industrial Technology, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Sung Jung
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Chansu Rha
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Gyu Nam
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Ok Kim
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong-Geun Lee
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-In Baek
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheon-Seok Park
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Hoo Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Young Lee
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Soon Shin
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Ho Seo
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
The many advances in glycoscience have more and more brought to light the crucial role of glycosides and glycoconjugates in biological processes. Their major influence on the functionality and stability of peptides, cell recognition, health and immunity and many other processes throughout biology has increased the demand for simple synthetic methods allowing the defined syntheses of target glycosides. Additional interest in glycoside synthesis has arisen with the prospect of producing sustainable materials from these abundant polymers. Enzymatic synthesis has proven itself to be a promising alternative to the laborious chemical synthesis of glycosides by avoiding the necessity of numerous protecting group strategies. Among the biocatalytic strategies, glycosynthases, genetically engineered glycosidases void of hydrolytic activity, have gained much interest in recent years, enabling not only the selective synthesis of small glycosides and glycoconjugates, but also the production of highly functionalized polysaccharides. This review provides a detailed overview over the glycosylation possibilities of the variety of glycosynthases produced until now, focusing on the transfer of the most common glucosyl-, galactosyl-, xylosyl-, mannosyl-, fucosyl-residues and of whole glycan blocks by the different glycosynthase enzyme variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc R Hayes
- Institut für Bioorganische Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf im Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52426 Jülich, Germany.
| | - Jörg Pietruszka
- Institut für Bioorganische Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf im Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52426 Jülich, Germany.
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, IBG-1: Biotechnology, 52426 Jülich, Germany.
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Henze M, Schmidtke S, Hoffmann N, Steffens H, Pietruszka J, Elling L. Combination of Glycosyltransferases and a Glycosynthase in Sequential and One-Pot Reactions for the Synthesis of Type 1 and Type 2N-Acetyllactosamine Oligomers. ChemCatChem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201500645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manja Henze
- Laboratory for Biomaterials; Institute of Biotechnology and Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering; RWTH Aachen University; Pauwelsstrasse 20 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Simon Schmidtke
- Laboratory for Biomaterials; Institute of Biotechnology and Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering; RWTH Aachen University; Pauwelsstrasse 20 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Natalie Hoffmann
- Institut für Bioorganische Chemie; Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf; Forschungszentrum Jülich; Stetternicher Forst Gebäude 15.8 52426 Jülich Germany
| | - Hanna Steffens
- Laboratory for Biomaterials; Institute of Biotechnology and Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering; RWTH Aachen University; Pauwelsstrasse 20 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Jörg Pietruszka
- Institut für Bioorganische Chemie; Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf; Forschungszentrum Jülich; Stetternicher Forst Gebäude 15.8 52426 Jülich Germany
- IBG-1: Biotechnology; Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH; 52425 Jülich Germany
| | - Lothar Elling
- Laboratory for Biomaterials; Institute of Biotechnology and Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering; RWTH Aachen University; Pauwelsstrasse 20 52074 Aachen Germany
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Šimčíková D, Kotik M, Weignerová L, Halada P, Pelantová H, Adamcová K, Křen V. α-L
-Rhamnosyl-β-D
-glucosidase (Rutinosidase) from Aspergillus niger
: Characterization and Synthetic Potential of a Novel Diglycosidase. Adv Synth Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201400566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Glycosynthase with Broad Substrate Specificity - an Efficient Biocatalyst for the Construction of Oligosaccharide Library. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201201507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Desmet T, Soetaert W, Bojarová P, Křen V, Dijkhuizen L, Eastwick-Field V, Schiller A. Enzymatic glycosylation of small molecules: challenging substrates require tailored catalysts. Chemistry 2012; 18:10786-801. [PMID: 22887462 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201103069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Glycosylation can significantly improve the physicochemical and biological properties of small molecules like vitamins, antibiotics, flavors, and fragrances. The chemical synthesis of glycosides is, however, far from trivial and involves multistep routes that generate lots of waste. In this review, biocatalytic alternatives are presented that offer both stricter specificities and higher yields. The advantages and disadvantages of different enzyme classes are discussed and illustrated with a number of recent examples. Progress in the field of enzyme engineering and screening are expected to result in new applications of biocatalytic glycosylation reactions in various industrial sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Desmet
- University of Ghent, Centre for Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis, Gent, Belgium
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Yamamoto K, Davis BG. Creation of an α-mannosynthase from a broad glycosidase scaffold. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:7449-53. [PMID: 22696205 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201201081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2012] [Revised: 05/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Yamamoto
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
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Yamamoto K, Davis BG. Creation of an α-Mannosynthase from a Broad Glycosidase Scaffold. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201201081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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