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Adam C, Peters AD, Lizio MG, Whitehead GFS, Diemer V, Cooper JA, Cockroft SL, Clayden J, Webb SJ. The Role of Terminal Functionality in the Membrane and Antibacterial Activity of Peptaibol-Mimetic Aib Foldamers. Chemistry 2018; 24:2249-2256. [PMID: 29210477 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Peptaibols are peptide antibiotics that typically feature an N-terminal acetyl cap, a C-terminal aminoalcohol, and a high proportion of α-aminoisobutyric acid (Aib) residues. To establish how each feature might affect the membrane-activity of peptaibols, biomimetic Aib foldamers with different lengths and terminal groups were synthesised. Vesicle assays showed that long foldamers (eleven Aib residues) with hydrophobic termini had the highest ionophoric activity. C-terminal acids or primary amides inhibited activity, while replacement of an N-terminal acetyl with an azide group made little difference. Crystallography showed that N3 Aib11 CH2 OTIPS folded into a 310 helix 2.91 nm long, which is close to the bilayer hydrophobic width. Planar bilayer conductance assays showed discrete ion channels only for N-acetylated foldamers. However long foldamers with hydrophobic termini had the highest antibacterial activity, indicating that ionophoric activity in vesicles was a better indicator of antibacterial activity than the observation of discrete ion channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Adam
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Anna D Peters
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.,Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, 131 Princess St, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| | - M Giovanna Lizio
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.,Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, 131 Princess St, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| | - George F S Whitehead
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Vincent Diemer
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.,Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, 131 Princess St, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| | - James A Cooper
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK
| | - Scott L Cockroft
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK
| | - Jonathan Clayden
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Simon J Webb
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.,Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, 131 Princess St, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
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Reddy DN, George G, Prabhakaran EN. Crystal-Structure Analysis of cis-X-Pro-Containing Peptidomimetics: Understanding the Steric Interactions at cisX-Pro Amide Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201209517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Reddy DN, George G, Prabhakaran EN. Crystal-structure analysis of cis-X-Pro-containing peptidomimetics: understanding the steric interactions at cis X-Pro amide bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:3935-9. [PMID: 23450815 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201209517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2012] [Revised: 01/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Damodara N Reddy
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560012, India
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Fremaux J, Fischer L, Arbogast T, Kauffmann B, Guichard G. Condensation Approach to Aliphatic Oligourea Foldamers: Helices with N-(Pyrrolidin-2-ylmethyl)ureido Junctions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201105416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Fremaux J, Fischer L, Arbogast T, Kauffmann B, Guichard G. Condensation Approach to Aliphatic Oligourea Foldamers: Helices with N-(Pyrrolidin-2-ylmethyl)ureido Junctions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:11382-5. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201105416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Rippa S, Eid M, Formaggio F, Toniolo C, Béven L. Hypersensitive-like response to the pore-former peptaibol alamethicin in Arabidopsis thaliana. Chembiochem 2011; 11:2042-9. [PMID: 20818637 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201000262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In Arabidopsis thaliana cell cultures, the peptaibol alamethicin induced a form of active cell death that was associated with cell shrinkage and DNA fragmentation. The transfer of mature A. thaliana plants from a peptide-free medium to a medium containing a moderate concentration of alamethicin caused the development of lesions in leaves after a few days. These lesions were characterized by cell death, deposition of callose, production of autofluorescent phenolic compounds, and transcription of defense genes, just like in the hypersensitive response to a pathogen attack. The induction of defense-like responses in Arabidopsis by other membrane-disrupting peptides was also evaluated. The peptides selected for comparison included the natural antimicrobial melittin and the peptaibol ampullosporin A, as well as synthetic analogues of the peptaibols cervinin and trichogin. The response amplitude in A. thaliana increased with the peptaibol's ability to permeabilize biological membranes through a pore-forming mechanism and was strongly associated with their content in the helicogenic α-aminoisobutyric acid residue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Rippa
- Université de Technologie de Compiègne, UMR CNRS 6022 Génie Enzymatique et Cellulaire, Compiègne Cedex, France
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