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Gu J, Lee S, Eom S, Ki H, Choi EH, Lee Y, Nozawa S, Adachi SI, Kim J, Ihee H. Structural Dynamics of C 2F 4I 2 in Cyclohexane Studied via Time-Resolved X-ray Liquidography. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9793. [PMID: 34575954 PMCID: PMC8469616 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The halogen elimination of 1,2-diiodoethane (C2H4I2) and 1,2-diiodotetrafluoroethane (C2F4I2) serves as a model reaction for investigating the influence of fluorination on reaction dynamics and solute-solvent interactions in solution-phase reactions. While the kinetics and reaction pathways of the halogen elimination reaction of C2H4I2 were reported to vary substantially depending on the solvent, the solvent effects on the photodissociation of C2F4I2 remain to be explored, as its reaction dynamics have only been studied in methanol. Here, to investigate the solvent dependence, we conducted a time-resolved X-ray liquidography (TRXL) experiment on C2F4I2 in cyclohexane. The data revealed that (ⅰ) the solvent dependence of the photoreaction of C2F4I2 is not as strong as that observed for C2H4I2, and (ⅱ) the nongeminate recombination leading to the formation of I2 is slower in cyclohexane than in methanol. We also show that the molecular structures of the relevant species determined from the structural analysis of TRXL data provide an excellent benchmark for DFT calculations, especially for investigating the relevance of exchange-correlation functionals used for the structural optimization of haloalkanes. This study demonstrates that TRXL is a powerful technique to study solvent dependence in the solution phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jain Gu
- Department of Chemistry and KI for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea; (J.G.); (S.L.); (S.E.); (H.K.); (E.H.C.); (Y.L.)
- Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Seonggon Lee
- Department of Chemistry and KI for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea; (J.G.); (S.L.); (S.E.); (H.K.); (E.H.C.); (Y.L.)
- Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Seunghwan Eom
- Department of Chemistry and KI for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea; (J.G.); (S.L.); (S.E.); (H.K.); (E.H.C.); (Y.L.)
- Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Hosung Ki
- Department of Chemistry and KI for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea; (J.G.); (S.L.); (S.E.); (H.K.); (E.H.C.); (Y.L.)
- Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Eun Hyuk Choi
- Department of Chemistry and KI for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea; (J.G.); (S.L.); (S.E.); (H.K.); (E.H.C.); (Y.L.)
- Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Yunbeom Lee
- Department of Chemistry and KI for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea; (J.G.); (S.L.); (S.E.); (H.K.); (E.H.C.); (Y.L.)
- Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Shunsuke Nozawa
- Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba 305-0801, Ibaraki, Japan; (S.N.); (S.-i.A.)
- Department of Materials Structure Science, School of High Energy Accelerator Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba 305-0801, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Shin-ichi Adachi
- Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba 305-0801, Ibaraki, Japan; (S.N.); (S.-i.A.)
- Department of Materials Structure Science, School of High Energy Accelerator Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba 305-0801, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Jeongho Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Korea;
| | - Hyotcherl Ihee
- Department of Chemistry and KI for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea; (J.G.); (S.L.); (S.E.); (H.K.); (E.H.C.); (Y.L.)
- Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Korea
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Kim KH, Ki H, Oang KY, Nozawa S, Sato T, Kim J, Kim TK, Kim J, Adachi SI, Ihee H. Global reaction pathways in the photodissociation of I3 (-) ions in solution at 267 and 400 nm studied by picosecond X-ray liquidography. Chemphyschem 2013; 14:3687-97. [PMID: 24115265 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201300713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism of a photochemical reaction involves the formation and dissociation of various short-lived species on ultrafast timescales and therefore its characterization requires detailed structural information on the transient species. By making use of a structurally sensitive X-ray probe, time-resolved X-ray liquidography (TRXL) can directly elucidate the structures of reacting molecules in the solution phase and thus determine the comprehensive reaction mechanism with high accuracy. In this work, by performing TRXL measurements at two different wavelengths (400 and 267 nm), the reaction mechanism of I3 (-) photolysis, which changes subtly depending on the excitation wavelength, is elucidated. Upon 400 nm photoexcitation, the I3 (-) ion dissociates into I2 (-) and I. By contrast, upon 267 nm photoexcitation, the I3 (-) ion undergoes both two-body dissociation (I2 (-) +I) and three-body dissociation (I(-) +2I) with 7:3 molar ratio. At both excitation wavelengths, all the transient species ultimately disappear in 80 ns by recombining to form the I3 (-) ion nongeminately. In addition to the reaction dynamics of solute species, the results reveal the transient structure of the solute/solvent cage and the changes in solvent density and temperature as a function of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Hwan Kim
- Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon 305-701 (Republic of Korea), Fax: (+82) 42-350-2810; Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon 305-701 (Republic of Korea)
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Collet E, Lorenc M, Cammarata M, Guérin L, Servol M, Tissot A, Boillot ML, Cailleau H, Buron-Le Cointe M. 100 picosecond diffraction catches structural transients of laser-pulse triggered switching in a spin-crossover crystal. Chemistry 2012; 18:2051-5. [PMID: 22246788 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201103048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We study by 100 picosecond X-ray diffraction the photo-switching dynamics of single crystal of the orthorhombic polymorph of the spin-crossover complex [(TPA)Fe(TCC)]PF(6), in which TPA = tris(2-pyridyl methyl)amine, TCC(2-) = 3,4,5,6-Cl(4)-Catecholate(2-). In the frame of the emerging field of dynamical structural science, this is made possible by using optical pump/X-ray probe techniques, which allow following in real time structural reorganization at intra- and intermolecular levels associated with the change of spin state in the crystal. We use here the time structure of the synchrotron radiation generating 100 picosecond X-ray pulses, coupled to 100 fs laser excitation. This study has revealed a rich variety of structural reorganizations, associated with the different steps of the dynamical process. Three consecutive regimes are evidenced in the time domain: 1) local molecular photo-switching with structural reorganization at constant volume, 2) volume relaxation with inhomogeneous distribution of local temperatures, 3) homogenization of the crystal in the transient state 100 µs after laser excitation. These findings are fundamentally different from those of conventional diffraction studies of long-lived photoinduced high spin states. The time-resolution used here with picosecond X-ray diffraction probes different physical quantities on their intrinsic time-scale, shedding new light on the successive processes driving macroscopic switching in a functionalized material. These results pave the way for structural studies away from equilibrium and represent a first step toward femtosecond crystallography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Collet
- Institut de Physique de Rennes, UMR 6251 UR1-CNRS, Bat 11 A Campus de Beaulieu, University Rennes 1, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France.
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Kong Q, Lee J, Plech A, Wulff M, Ihee H, Koch M. Ultrafast X-Ray Solution Scattering Reveals an Unknown Reaction Intermediate in the Photolysis of [Ru3
(CO)12
]. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200801153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Kong Q, Lee J, Plech A, Wulff M, Ihee H, Koch M. Ultrafast X-Ray Solution Scattering Reveals an Unknown Reaction Intermediate in the Photolysis of [Ru3
(CO)12
]. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:5550-3. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200801153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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