1
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Rahn HP, Sun J, Li Z, Waymouth RM, Levy R, Wender PA. Isoprenoid CARTs: In Vitro and In Vivo mRNA Delivery by Charge-Altering Releasable Transporters Functionalized with Archaea-inspired Branched Lipids. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:4305-4316. [PMID: 38814265 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c00373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
The delivery of oligonucleotides across biological barriers is a challenge of unsurpassed significance at the interface of materials science and medicine, with emerging clinical utility in prophylactic and therapeutic vaccinations, immunotherapies, genome editing, and cell rejuvenation. Here, we address the role of readily available branched lipids in the design, synthesis, and evaluation of isoprenoid charge-altering releasable transporters (CARTs), a pH-responsive oligomeric nanoparticle delivery system for RNA. Systematic variation of the lipid block reveals an emergent relationship between the lipid block and the neutralization kinetics of the polycationic block. Unexpectedly, iA21A11, a CART with the smallest lipid side chain, isoamyl-, was identified as the lead isoprenoid CART for the in vitro transfection of immortalized lymphoblastic cell lines. When administered intramuscularly in a murine model, iA21A11-mRNA complexes induce higher protein expression levels than our previous lead CART, ONA. Isoprenoid CARTs represent a new delivery platform for RNA vaccines and other polyanion-based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harrison P Rahn
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Jiuzhi Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Zhijian Li
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Robert M Waymouth
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Ronald Levy
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Paul A Wender
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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2
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Möllerke A, Montes Vidal D, Petter Leinaas H, Schulz S. Socialane, a Nonaprenyl Terpene Hydrocarbon Surface Lipid from the Collembola Hypogastrura socialis. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400272. [PMID: 38445549 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Springtails use unique compounds for their outermost epicuticular wax layer, often of terpenoid origin. We report here the structure and synthesis of socialane, the major cuticular constituent of the Collembola Hypogastrura socialis. Socialane is also the first regular nonaprenyl terpene with a cyclic head group. The saturated side chain has seven stereogenic centers, making the determination of the configuration difficult. We describe here the identification of socialane and a synthetic approach using the building blocks farnesol and phytol, enantioselective hydrogenation, and α-alkylation of sulfones for the synthesis of various stereoisomers. NMR experiments showed the presence of an anti-configuration of the methyl groups closest to the benzene ring and that the other methyl groups of the polyprenyl side-chain are not uniformly configured. Furthermore, socialane is structurally different from [6+2]-terpene viaticene of the closely related H. viatica, showing species specificity of the epicuticular lipids of this genus and hinting at a possible role of surface lipids in the communication of these gregarious arthropods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Möllerke
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Diogo Montes Vidal
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, ICEx, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos 6627, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Hans Petter Leinaas
- Department of Bioscience, University of Oslo, Postboks, 1066, Blindern, 0316, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stefan Schulz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
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3
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Yang J, Massaro L, Krajangsri S, Singh T, Su H, Silvi E, Ponra S, Eriksson L, Ahlquist MSG, Andersson PG. Combined Theoretical and Experimental Studies Unravel Multiple Pathways to Convergent Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Enamides. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:21594-21603. [PMID: 34905345 PMCID: PMC8719336 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c09573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We present a highly efficient convergent asymmetric hydrogenation of E/Z mixtures of enamides catalyzed by N,P-iridium complexes supported by mechanistic studies. It was found that reduction of the olefinic isomers (E and Z geometries) produces chiral amides with the same absolute configuration (enantioconvergent hydrogenation). This allowed the hydrogenation of a wide range of E/Z mixtures of trisubstituted enamides with excellent enantioselectivity (up to 99% ee). A detailed mechanistic study using deuterium labeling and kinetic experiments revealed two different pathways for the observed enantioconvergence. For α-aryl enamides, fast isomerization of the double bond takes place, and the overall process results in kinetic resolution of the two isomers. For α-alkyl enamides, no double bond isomerization is detected, and competition experiments suggested that substrate chelation is responsible for the enantioconvergent stereochemical outcome. DFT calculations were performed to predict the correct absolute configuration of the products and strengthen the proposed mechanism of the iridium-catalyzed isomerization pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Yang
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Stockholm University, Arrhenius Laboratory, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Luca Massaro
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Stockholm University, Arrhenius Laboratory, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Suppachai Krajangsri
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Stockholm University, Arrhenius Laboratory, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thishana Singh
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Hao Su
- School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emanuele Silvi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Stockholm University, Arrhenius Laboratory, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sudipta Ponra
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Stockholm University, Arrhenius Laboratory, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Eriksson
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16C, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mårten S G Ahlquist
- School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pher G Andersson
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Stockholm University, Arrhenius Laboratory, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.,School of Chemistry and Physics, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa
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4
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Ehlers S, Szczerbowski D, Harig T, Stell M, Hötling S, Darragh K, Jiggins CD, Schulz S. Identification and Composition of Clasper Scent Gland Components of the Butterfly Heliconius erato and Its Relation to Mimicry. Chembiochem 2021; 22:3300-3313. [PMID: 34547164 PMCID: PMC9293309 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202100372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The butterfly Heliconius erato occurs in various mimetic morphs. The male clasper scent gland releases an anti‐aphrodisiac pheromone and additionally contains a complex mixture of up to 350 components, varying between individuals. In 114 samples of five different mimicry groups and their hybrids 750 different compounds were detected by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Many unknown components occurred, which were identified using their mass spectra, gas chromatography/infrared spectroscopy (GC/IR)‐analyses, derivatization, and synthesis. Key compounds proved to be various esters of 3‐oxohexan‐1‐ol and (Z)‐3‐hexen‐1‐ol with (S)‐2,3‐dihydrofarnesoic acid, accompanied by a large variety of other esters with longer terpene acids, fatty acids, and various alcohols. In addition, linear terpenes with up to seven uniformly connected isoprene units occur, e. g. farnesylfarnesol. A large number of the compounds have not been reported before from nature. Discriminant analyses of principal components of the gland contents showed that the iridescent mimicry group differs strongly from the other, mostly also separated, mimicry groups. Comparison with data from other species indicated that Heliconius recruits different biosynthetic pathways in a species‐specific manner for semiochemical formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Ehlers
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Daiane Szczerbowski
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Tim Harig
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Matthew Stell
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Susan Hötling
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Kathy Darragh
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, Storer Hall University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Chris D Jiggins
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, CB2 3EJ, Cambridge, UK
| | - Stefan Schulz
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
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5
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Falk ID, Gál B, Bhattacharya A, Wei JH, Welander PV, Boxer SG, Burns NZ. Enantioselective Total Synthesis of the Archaeal Lipid Parallel GDGT‐0 (Isocaldarchaeol)**. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202104051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Isaac D. Falk
- Department of Chemistry Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA
| | - Bálint Gál
- Department of Chemistry Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA
| | | | - Jeremy H. Wei
- Department of Earth System Science Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA
| | - Paula V. Welander
- Department of Earth System Science Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA
| | - Steven G. Boxer
- Department of Chemistry Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA
| | - Noah Z. Burns
- Department of Chemistry Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA
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6
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Andringa RLH, Kok NAW, Driessen AJM, Minnaard AJ. A Unified Approach for the Total Synthesis of
cyclo
‐Archaeol,
iso
‐Caldarchaeol, Caldarchaeol, and Mycoketide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202104759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruben L. H. Andringa
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry University of Groningen Nijenborgh 7 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Niels A. W. Kok
- Department of Molecular Microbiology University of Groningen Nijenborgh 7 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Arnold J. M. Driessen
- Department of Molecular Microbiology University of Groningen Nijenborgh 7 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Adriaan J. Minnaard
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry University of Groningen Nijenborgh 7 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
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7
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Falk ID, Gál B, Bhattacharya A, Wei JH, Welander PV, Boxer SG, Burns NZ. Enantioselective Total Synthesis of the Archaeal Lipid Parallel GDGT-0 (Isocaldarchaeol)*. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:17491-17496. [PMID: 33930240 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202104051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Archaeal glycerol dibiphytanyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGT) are some of the most unusual membrane lipids identified in nature. These amphiphiles are the major constituents of the membranes of numerous Archaea, some of which are extremophilic organisms. Due to their unique structures, there has been significant interest in studying both the biophysical properties and the biosynthesis of these molecules. However, these studies have thus far been hampered by limited access to chemically pure samples. Herein, we report a concise and stereoselective synthesis of the archaeal tetraether lipid parallel GDGT-0 and the synthesis and self-assembly of derivatives bearing different polar groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac D Falk
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Bálint Gál
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | | | - Jeremy H Wei
- Department of Earth System Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Paula V Welander
- Department of Earth System Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Steven G Boxer
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Noah Z Burns
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
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8
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Andringa RLH, de Kok NAW, Driessen AJM, Minnaard AJ. A Unified Approach for the Total Synthesis of cyclo-Archaeol, iso-Caldarchaeol, Caldarchaeol, and Mycoketide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:17497-17503. [PMID: 33929790 PMCID: PMC8362178 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202104759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Ir‐catalyzed asymmetric alkene hydrogenation is presented as the strategy par excellence to prepare saturated isoprenoids and mycoketides. This highly stereoselective synthesis approach is combined with an established 13C‐NMR method to determine the enantioselectivity of each methyl‐branched stereocenter. It is shown that this analysis is fit for purpose and the combination allows the synthesis of the title compounds with a significant increase in efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben L H Andringa
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Niels A W de Kok
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Arnold J M Driessen
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Adriaan J Minnaard
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
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9
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Ratsch F, Schlundt W, Albat D, Zimmer A, Neudörfl JM, Netscher T, Schmalz HG. Total Synthesis of α-Tocopherol through Enantioselective Iridium-Catalyzed Fragmentation of a Spiro-Cyclobutanol Intermediate. Chemistry 2019; 25:4941-4945. [PMID: 30741456 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201900564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A conceptionally new strategy for the asymmetric (2R-selective) synthesis of α-tocopherol (vitamin E) was developed. In the stereocontrolled key step, a prochiral spiro[chromane-2,3'-cyclobutanol] unit is effectively desymmetrized under C-C bond activation in an unprecedented iridium-catalyzed transformation using (S)-DTBM-SegPhos as a chiral ligand (e.r. 97:3). To complete the synthesis, the side chain was attached through Ru-catalyzed cross-metathesis employing an alkene derived from (R,R)-hexahydrofarnesol. To suppress epimerization during the final hydrogenation, PtO2 had to be used as a catalyst instead of Pd/C. In an alternative approach (employing a propargyl-substituted spiro-cyclobutanol), the side chain was constructed prior to the Ir-catalyzed ring fragmentation (>99:1 d.r.) through enyne cross-metathesis (using an alkene derived from (R)-dihydrocitronellal) followed by Cr-catalyzed 1,4-hydrogenation and (diastereoselective) Pfaltz hydrogenation of the resulting triple-substituted olefin. The work demonstrates the potential of iridium catalysis for enantioselective C-C bond activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friederike Ratsch
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstrasse 4, 50939, Koeln, Germany
| | - Waldemar Schlundt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstrasse 4, 50939, Koeln, Germany
| | - Dominik Albat
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstrasse 4, 50939, Koeln, Germany
| | - Anne Zimmer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstrasse 4, 50939, Koeln, Germany
| | - Jörg-Martin Neudörfl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstrasse 4, 50939, Koeln, Germany
| | - Thomas Netscher
- Research and Development, DSM Nutritional Products, P.O. Box 2676, CH-4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Hans-Günther Schmalz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstrasse 4, 50939, Koeln, Germany
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10
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Menke M, Melnik K, Peram PS, Starnberger I, Hödl W, Vences M, Schulz S. Frogolide - An Unprecedented Sesquiterpene Macrolactone from Scent Glands of African Frogs. European J Org Chem 2018; 2018:2651-2656. [PMID: 30078994 PMCID: PMC6070141 DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Some amphibians use chemical signals in addition to optical and acoustical signals to transmit information. Males of mantellid frogs from Madagascar and hyperoliid frogs from Africa emit complex, species- and sex-specific bouquets of volatiles from their femoral or gular glands. We report here on the identification, synthesis, and determination of the absolute configuration of a macrocyclic lactone occurring in several species of both families, (S)-3,7,11-dodec-6,10-dien-12-olide (S-14, frogolide). Macrolides are a preferred compound class of frog volatiles. Nevertheless, frogolide is the first macrocyclic lactone obviously derived from the terpene pathway, in contrast to known frog macrolides that are usually formed via the fatty acid biosynthetic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Menke
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Kristina Melnik
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Pardha S. Peram
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Iris Starnberger
- Department for Integrative Zoology, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Walter Hödl
- Department for Integrative Zoology, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Miguel Vences
- Institute of Zoology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Mendelsohnstraße 4, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Stefan Schulz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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11
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Pflästerer D, Hashmi ASK. Gold catalysis in total synthesis – recent achievements. Chem Soc Rev 2016; 45:1331-67. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00721f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 600] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The most recent achievements of gold catalysed transformations applied in total synthesis of natural products are reviewed and analysed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Pflästerer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut
- Universität Heidelberg
- 69120 Heidelberg
- Germany
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12
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Lankhorst PP, Netscher T, Duchateau ALL. A Simple13C NMR Method for the Discrimination of Complex Mixtures of Stereoisomers: All Eight Stereoisomers of α-Tocopherol Resolved. Chirality 2015; 27:850-5. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.22535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Revised: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas Netscher
- DSM Nutritional Products; Research and Development; Basel Switzerland
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13
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Pischl MC, Weise CF, Haseloff S, Müller MA, Pfaltz A, Schneider C. A Highly Stereoselective and Flexible Strategy for the Convergent Synthesis of Long-Chain Polydeoxypropionates: Application towards the Synthesis of the Glycolipid Membrane Components Hydroxyphthioceranic and Phthioceranic Acid. Chemistry 2014; 20:17360-74. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201404034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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14
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Wu Z, Harutyunyan SR, Minnaard AJ. Total synthesis of (R,R,R)-γ-tocopherol through Cu-catalyzed asymmetric 1,2-addition. Chemistry 2014; 20:14250-5. [PMID: 25205372 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201404458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Based on the asymmetric copper-catalyzed 1,2-addition of Grignard reagents to ketones, (R,R,R)-γ-tocopherol has been synthesized in 36 % yield over 12 steps (longest linear sequence). The chiral center in the chroman ring was constructed with 73 % ee by the 1,2-addition of a phytol-derived Grignard reagent to an α-bromo enone prepared from 2,3-dimethylquinone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongtao Wu
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen (The Netherlands)
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15
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Uria U, Vila C, Lin M, Rueping M. Gold‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Allylic Substitution of Free Alcohols: An Enantioselective Approach to Chiral Chromans with Quaternary Stereocenters for the Synthesis of Vitamin E and Analogues. Chemistry 2014; 20:13913-7. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201403768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Uxue Uria
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Institution RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen (Germany)
| | - Carlos Vila
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Institution RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen (Germany)
| | - Ming‐Yuan Lin
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Institution RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen (Germany)
| | - Magnus Rueping
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Institution RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen (Germany)
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16
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Termath AO, Sebode H, Schlundt W, Stemmler RT, Netscher T, Bonrath W, Schmalz HG. Total synthesis of (R,R,R)-α-tocopherol through asymmetric Cu-catalyzed 1,4-addition. Chemistry 2014; 20:12051-5. [PMID: 25088810 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201404379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
By introducing a disposable activating substituent at C-3, the asymmetric 1,4-addition to a notoriously unreactive 2-substituted chromenone was achieved with high levels of (2R)-stereoselectivity in the presence of a chiral Cu(I)-phosphoramidite complex as a catalyst. This paved the way for an efficient and conceptually novel synthesis of (R,R,R)-α-tocopherol from readily available starting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Ole Termath
- Universität zu Köln, Department für Chemie, Greinstrasse 4, 50939 Köln (Germany)
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17
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Pischl MC, Weise CF, Müller MA, Pfaltz A, Schneider C. Eine konvergente und stereoselektive Synthese der Glycolipidkomponenten Phthioceransäure und Hydroxyphthioceransäure. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201303776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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18
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Pischl MC, Weise CF, Müller MA, Pfaltz A, Schneider C. A convergent and stereoselective synthesis of the glycolipid components phthioceranic acid and hydroxyphthioceranic acid. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:8968-72. [PMID: 23843294 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201303776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias C Pischl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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19
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Schumacher A, Bernasconi M, Pfaltz A. Chiral N-Heterocyclic Carbene/Pyridine Ligands for the Iridium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Olefins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:7422-5. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201301251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Schumacher A, Bernasconi M, Pfaltz A. Chiral N-Heterocyclic Carbene/Pyridine Ligands for the Iridium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Olefins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201301251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Franzke A, Voss F, Pfaltz A. Synthesis of new serine-based phosphinooxazoline ligands and iridium complexes for asymmetric hydrogenations. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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22
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Franzke A, Pfaltz A. Zwitterionic Iridium Complexes with P,N-Ligands as Catalysts for the Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Alkenes. Chemistry 2011; 17:4131-44. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201003314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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23
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Chapelat J, Hengartner U, Chougnet A, Liu K, Huebbe P, Rimbach G, Woggon WD. Asymmetric Synthesis and Biological Activity of nor-α-Tocopherol, a New Vitamin E Analogue. Chembiochem 2010; 12:118-24. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201000511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Xie JB, Xie JH, Liu XY, Zhang QQ, Zhou QL. Chiral Iridium Spiro Aminophosphine Complexes: Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Simple Ketones, Structure, and Plausible Mechanism. Chem Asian J 2010; 6:899-908. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201000716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Wang A, Fraga RPA, Hörmann E, Pfaltz A. Iridium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Unfunctionalized, Trialkyl-Substituted Olefins. Chem Asian J 2010; 6:599-606. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201000595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Tian F, Yao D, Liu Y, Xie F, Zhang W. Iridium‐Catalyzed Highly Enantioselective Hydrogenation of Exocyclic α,β‐Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds. Adv Synth Catal 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201000185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fengtao Tian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China, Fax: (+86)‐21‐5474‐3265
| | - Dongmei Yao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China, Fax: (+86)‐21‐5474‐3265
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China, Fax: (+86)‐21‐5474‐3265
| | - Fang Xie
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China, Fax: (+86)‐21‐5474‐3265
| | - Wanbin Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China, Fax: (+86)‐21‐5474‐3265
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Baeza A, Pfaltz A. Iridium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of N-Protected Indoles. Chemistry 2010; 16:2036-9. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200903105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Hengartner U, Chougnet A, Liu K, Woggon WD. Asymmetric Synthesis of α-Tocopherol. Chemistry 2010; 16:1306-11. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200902754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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