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Kaga A, Iida H, Tsuchiya S, Saito H, Nakano K, Yorimitsu H. Aromatic Metamorphosis of Thiophenes by Means of Desulfurative Dilithiation. Chemistry 2021; 27:4567-4572. [PMID: 33349986 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202005223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A new mode of aromatic metamorphosis has been developed, which allows thiophenes and their benzo-fused derivatives to be converted to a variety of exotic heteroles. This transformation involves 1) the efficient generation of key 1,4-dianions by means of desulfurative dilithiation with lithium powder and 2) the subsequent trapping of the dianions with heteroatom electrophiles in a one-pot manner. Via the desulfurative dilithiation, the sulfur atoms of thiophenes are replaced also with a carbon-carbon double bond or a 1,2-phenylene for the construction of benzene rings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Kaga
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Iida
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan
| | - Shun Tsuchiya
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Hayate Saito
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Koji Nakano
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan
| | - Hideki Yorimitsu
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
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2
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Saied T, Demangeat C, Panossian A, Leroux FR, Fort Y, Comoy C. Transition‐Metal‐Free Heterobiaryl Synthesis via Aryne Coupling. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tarak Saied
- Université de Lorraine CNRS, L2CM UMR7053 B.P. 70239 54506 Vandoeuvre‐lès‐Nancy France
| | - Catherine Demangeat
- Université de Lorraine CNRS, L2CM UMR7053 B.P. 70239 54506 Vandoeuvre‐lès‐Nancy France
| | - Armen Panossian
- Université de Haute‐Alsace Université de Strasbourg 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Frédéric R. Leroux
- Université de Haute‐Alsace Université de Strasbourg 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Yves Fort
- Université de Lorraine CNRS, L2CM UMR7053 B.P. 70239 54506 Vandoeuvre‐lès‐Nancy France
| | - Corinne Comoy
- Université de Lorraine CNRS, L2CM UMR7053 B.P. 70239 54506 Vandoeuvre‐lès‐Nancy France
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3
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Nishino K, Ogiwara Y, Sakai N. Palladium(II)-Catalyzed Synthesis of Dibenzothiophenes from 2-Biphenylyl Disulfides by C−H Functionalization. Chemistry 2018; 24:10971-10974. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kota Nishino
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry; Faculty of Science and Technology; Tokyo University of Science (RIKADAI); Noda Chiba 278-8510 Japan
| | - Yohei Ogiwara
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry; Faculty of Science and Technology; Tokyo University of Science (RIKADAI); Noda Chiba 278-8510 Japan
| | - Norio Sakai
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry; Faculty of Science and Technology; Tokyo University of Science (RIKADAI); Noda Chiba 278-8510 Japan
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Shaykhutdinova P, Kemper S, Oestreich M. Refinement of the Catalyst Backbone of Chiral Intramolecular Silicon-Sulfur Lewis Pairs: Improved Enantioselectivity in the Diels-Alder Reaction of Cyclohexa-1,3-diene and Chalcone Derivatives. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Polina Shaykhutdinova
- Institut für Chemie; Technische Universität Berlin; Strasse des 17. Juni 115 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Sebastian Kemper
- Institut für Chemie; Technische Universität Berlin; Strasse des 17. Juni 115 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Martin Oestreich
- Institut für Chemie; Technische Universität Berlin; Strasse des 17. Juni 115 10623 Berlin Germany
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5
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Nishino K, Ogiwara Y, Sakai N. Green Preparation of Dibenzothiophene Derivatives Using 2-Biphenylyl Disulfides in the Presence of Molecular Iodine and Its Application to Dibenzoselenophene Synthesis. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201701155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kota Nishino
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry; Faculty of Science and Technology; Tokyo University of Science (RIKADAI); 278-8510 Noda, Chiba Japan
| | - Yohei Ogiwara
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry; Faculty of Science and Technology; Tokyo University of Science (RIKADAI); 278-8510 Noda, Chiba Japan
| | - Norio Sakai
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry; Faculty of Science and Technology; Tokyo University of Science (RIKADAI); 278-8510 Noda, Chiba Japan
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6
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Brégier F, Hudeček O, Chaux F, Penouilh MJ, Chambron JC, Lhoták P, Aubert E, Espinosa E. Generation of Cryptophanes in Water by Disulfide Bridge Formation. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Oldřích Hudeček
- ICMUB, UMR6302, CNRS; Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté; 21000 Dijon France
- Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Chemistry and Technology Prague; Technicka 6 16628 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Fanny Chaux
- ICMUB, UMR6302, CNRS; Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté; 21000 Dijon France
| | | | | | - Pavel Lhoták
- Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Chemistry and Technology Prague; Technicka 6 16628 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Emmanuel Aubert
- CRM2, UMR7036, CNRS; Univ. Lorraine; 54506 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy France
| | - Enrique Espinosa
- CRM2, UMR7036, CNRS; Univ. Lorraine; 54506 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy France
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7
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Luo B, Cui Q, Luo H, Hu Y, Huang P, Wen S. N-
Benzyldithiocarbamate Salts as Sulfur Sources to Access Tricyclic Thioheterocycles Mediated by Copper Species. Adv Synth Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201600405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bingling Luo
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Sun Yat-sen University; 651 Dongfeng East Road Guangzhou 510060 People's Republic of China
| | - Qingbin Cui
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Sun Yat-sen University; 651 Dongfeng East Road Guangzhou 510060 People's Republic of China
| | - Hongwen Luo
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University; 280 Waihuan East Road Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Yumin Hu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Sun Yat-sen University; 651 Dongfeng East Road Guangzhou 510060 People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Huang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Sun Yat-sen University; 651 Dongfeng East Road Guangzhou 510060 People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Sun Yat-sen University; 132 Waihuan East Road Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Shijun Wen
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Sun Yat-sen University; 651 Dongfeng East Road Guangzhou 510060 People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Sun Yat-sen University; 132 Waihuan East Road Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
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8
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Shimizu M, Ogawa M, Tamagawa T, Shigitani R, Nakatani M, Nakano Y. Copper-Catalyzed Double S-Arylation of Potassium Thioacetate with Dibenziodolium Triflates: Facile Synthesis of Unsymmetrical Dibenzothiophenes. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Shimizu
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering; Kyoto Institute of Technology; 1 Hashikami-cho 606-8585 Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku Kyoto Japan
| | - Mai Ogawa
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering; Kyoto Institute of Technology; 1 Hashikami-cho 606-8585 Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku Kyoto Japan
| | - Tomokazu Tamagawa
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering; Kyoto Institute of Technology; 1 Hashikami-cho 606-8585 Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku Kyoto Japan
| | - Ryosuke Shigitani
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering; Kyoto Institute of Technology; 1 Hashikami-cho 606-8585 Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku Kyoto Japan
| | - Masaki Nakatani
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering; Kyoto Institute of Technology; 1 Hashikami-cho 606-8585 Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku Kyoto Japan
| | - Yoshiki Nakano
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering; Kyoto Institute of Technology; 1 Hashikami-cho 606-8585 Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku Kyoto Japan
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9
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Dai G, Chang J, Shi X, Zhang W, Zheng B, Huang KW, Chi C. Thienoacene-Fused Pentalenes: Syntheses, Structures, Physical Properties and Applications for Organic Field-Effect Transistors. Chemistry 2014; 21:2019-28. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201405652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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10
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Yuan K, Boixel J, Chantzis A, Jacquemin D, Guerchais V, Doucet H. Benzothiophene or Benzofuran Bridges in Diaryl Ethenes: Two-Step Access by Pd-Catalyzed CH Activation and Theoretical/Experimental Studies on Their Photoreactivity. Chemistry 2014; 20:10073-83. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201402768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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11
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Che R, Wu Z, Li Z, Xiang H, Zhou X. Synthesis of Dibenzothiophenes by Pd-Catalyzed Dual CH Activation from Diaryl Sulfides. Chemistry 2014; 20:7258-61. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201402265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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12
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Aurelio L, Volpe R, Halim R, Scammells PJ, Flynn BL. Synthesis of Thieno-Fused Heterocycles through Reiterative Iodocyclization. Adv Synth Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201400072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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13
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Xu L, Ding S, Li P. Site-Differentiated Polyboron Arenes Prepared by Direct CH Borylation and Their Highly Selective Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201309546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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14
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Xu L, Ding S, Li P. Site-Differentiated Polyboron Arenes Prepared by Direct CH Borylation and Their Highly Selective Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:1822-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201309546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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15
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Unsinn A, Wunderlich SH, Jana A, Karaghiosoff K, Knochel P. A convenient alumination of functionalized aromatics by using the frustrated Lewis pair Et3 Al and TMPMgCl⋅LiCl. Chemistry 2013; 19:14687-96. [PMID: 24027191 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201301869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A straightforward and efficient alumination of functionalized arenes by using the frustrated Lewis pair Et3 Al and TMPMgCl⋅LiCl (TMP=2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidyl) has been developed. In particular, halogenated electron-rich aromatics can be smoothly functionalized by using the frustrated Lewis pair Et3 Al and TMPMgCl⋅LiCl. Compared with previously described alumination methods, this procedure avoids extensive cooling and the need for an excess of base. This in situ procedure has proven to be most practical and allows for regio- and chemoselective metalation of a wide range of aromatics with sensitive functional groups (CONEt2 , CO2 Me, CN, OCONMe2 ) or halogens (F, Cl, Br, I). The resulting aromatic aluminates, which were characterized by using NMR spectroscopy, were subjected to allylations, acylations, and palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions after transmetalation to zinc. It was shown that the nature of the Zn salt used for transmetalation is crucial. Thus, compared with ZnCl2 (2 equiv), the use of Zn(OPiv)2 (2 equiv; OPiv=pivalate) allows the subsequent quenching reactions to be performed with only a slight excess of electrophile (1.2 equiv) and provides interesting functionalized aromatics in good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Unsinn
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Haus F, 81377 München (Germany), Fax: (+49) 89-2180-77680
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16
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Heinrich ACJ, Thiedemann B, Gates PJ, Staubitz A. Dual Selectivity: Electrophile and Nucleophile Selective Cross-Coupling Reactions on a Single Aromatic Substrate. Org Lett 2013; 15:4666-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ol401923j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Annika C. J. Heinrich
- Otto Diels-Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 4, 24118 Kiel, Germany, and School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Birk Thiedemann
- Otto Diels-Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 4, 24118 Kiel, Germany, and School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Paul J. Gates
- Otto Diels-Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 4, 24118 Kiel, Germany, and School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Staubitz
- Otto Diels-Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 4, 24118 Kiel, Germany, and School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
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17
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Unsinn A, Wunderlich SH, Knochel P. Accelerated Zincations for an Efficient and Mild Functionalization of Aromatics and Heterocycles. Adv Synth Catal 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201300049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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18
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Unsinn A, Dunst C, Knochel P. Stereoselective synthesis of tetrasubstituted alkenes via a sequential carbocupration and a new sulfur-lithium exchange. Beilstein J Org Chem 2012; 8:2202-6. [PMID: 23365630 PMCID: PMC3556915 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.8.248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2012] [Accepted: 12/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We have designed a new sequential carbocupration and sulfur-lithium exchange that leads stereo- and regioselectively to trisubstituted alkenyllithiums. Subsequent trapping with various electrophiles yields tetrasubstituted olefins with good control of the double-bond geometry (E/Z ratio up to 99:1). The novel sulfur-lithium exchange could be extended to the stereoselective preparation of Z-styryl lithium derivatives with almost complete retention of the double-bond geometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Unsinn
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Cora Dunst
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Paul Knochel
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
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Toguem SMT, Knepper I, Ehlers P, Dang TT, Patonay T, Langer P. Synthesis of Dibenzothiophenes and Carbazoles by Sequential ‘Tetra-Fold Heck/6 π-Electrocyclization/Dehydrogenation’ Reactions of Tetrabromothiophene and Tetrabromo-N-methylpyrrole. Adv Synth Catal 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201200057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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20
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Snégaroff K, Nguyen TT, Marquise N, Halauko YS, Harford PJ, Roisnel T, Matulis VE, Ivashkevich OA, Chevallier F, Wheatley AEH, Gros PC, Mongin F. Deprotonative Metalation of Chloro- and Bromopyridines Using Amido-Based Bimetallic Species and Regioselectivity-Computed CH Acidity Relationships. Chemistry 2011; 17:13284-97. [PMID: 22006709 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201101993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katia Snégaroff
- Chimie et Photonique Moléculaires, UMR 6510 CNRS, Université de Rennes 1, Bâtiment 10A, Case 1003, Campus Scientifique de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
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Haag B, Mosrin M, Ila H, Malakhov V, Knochel P. Regio- and Chemoselective Metalation of Arenes and Heteroarenes Using Hindered Metal Amide Bases. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:9794-824. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201101960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 324] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Haag B, Mosrin M, Ila H, Malakhov V, Knochel P. Regio- und chemoselektive Metallierung von Arenen und Heteroarenen mit gehinderten Metallamidbasen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201101960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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23
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Kuhn M, Falk FC, Paradies J. Palladium-Catalyzed C–S Coupling: Access to Thioethers, Benzo[b]thiophenes, and Thieno[3,2-b]thiophenes. Org Lett 2011; 13:4100-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol2016093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Samanta R, Antonchick AP. Palladium-katalysierte, Sulfoxid-dirigierte doppelte C-H-Aktivierung zur Synthese von Dibenzothiophenen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201100775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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25
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Samanta R, Antonchick AP. Palladium-Catalyzed Double CH Activation Directed by Sulfoxides in the Synthesis of Dibenzothiophenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:5217-20. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201100775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2011] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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