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Liu Y, Ling S, Chen Z, Xu J. Ionic Polymerization-Based Synthesis of Bioinspired Adhesive Hydrogel Microparticles with Tunable Morphologies from Microfluidics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:37028-37040. [PMID: 38963006 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c06578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Shape-anisotropic hydrogel microparticles have attracted considerable attention for drug-delivery applications. Particularly, nonspherical hydrogel microcarriers with enhanced adhesive and circulatory abilities have demonstrated value in gastrointestinal drug administration. Herein, inspired by the structures of natural suckers, we demonstrate an ionic polymerization-based production of calcium (Ca)-alginate microparticles with tunable shapes from Janus emulsion for the first time. Monodispersed Janus droplets composed of sodium alginate and nongelable segments were generated using a coflow droplet generator. The interfacial curvatures, sizes, and production frequencies of Janus droplets can be flexibly controlled by varying the flow conditions and surfactant concentrations in the multiphase system. Janus droplets were ionically solidified on a chip, and hydrogel beads of different shapes were obtained. The in vitro and in vivo adhesion abilities of the hydrogel beads to the mouse colon were investigated. The anisotropic beads showed prominent adhesive properties compared with the spherical particles owing to their sticky hydrogel components and unique shapes. Finally, a novel computational fluid dynamics and discrete element method (CFD-DEM) coupling simulation was used to evaluate particle migration and contact forces theoretically. This review presents a simple strategy to synthesize Ca-alginate particles with tunable structures that could be ideal materials for constructing gastrointestinal drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingzhe Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Sida Ling
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Jianhong Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
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Saxena A, Sharda S, Kumar S, Kumar B, Shirodkar S, Dahiya P, Sahney R. Synthesis of Alginate Nanogels with Polyvalent 3D Transition Metal Cations: Applications in Urease Immobilization. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14071277. [PMID: 35406151 PMCID: PMC9002911 DOI: 10.3390/polym14071277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Biocompatible nanogels are highly in demand and have the potential to be used in various applications, e.g., for the encapsulation of sensitive biomacromolecules. In the present study, we have developed water-in-oil microemulsions of sodium alginate sol/hexane/Span 20 as a template for controlled synthesis of alginate nanogels, cross-linked with 3d transition metal cations (Mn2+, Fe3+, and Co2+). The results suggest that the stable template of 110 nm dimensions can be obtained by microemulsion technique using Span 20 at concentrations of 10mM and above, showing a zeta potential of −57.3 mV. A comparison of the effects of the cross-links on the morphology, surface charge, protein (urease enzyme) encapsulation properties, and stability of the resulting nanogels were studied. Alginate nanogels, cross-linked with Mn2+, Fe3+, or Co2+ did not show any gradation in the hydrodynamic diameter. The shape of alginate nanogels, cross-linked with Mn2+ or Co2+, were spherical; whereas, nanogels cross-linked with Fe3+ (Fe–alginate) were non-spherical and rice-shaped. The zeta potential, enzyme loading efficiency, and enzyme activity of Fe–alginate was the highest among all the nanogels studied. It was found that the morphology of particles influenced the percent immobilization, loading capacity, and loading efficiency of encapsulated enzymes. These particles are promising candidates for biosensing and efficient drug delivery due to their relatively high loading capacity, biocompatibility, easy fabrication, and easy handling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Saxena
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201303, India; (A.S.); (S.S.); (B.K.); (S.S.); (P.D.)
| | - Shivani Sharda
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201303, India; (A.S.); (S.S.); (B.K.); (S.S.); (P.D.)
| | - Sumit Kumar
- Radioanalytical Chemistry Division, Radiological Laboratories, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 40008, India;
| | - Benu Kumar
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201303, India; (A.S.); (S.S.); (B.K.); (S.S.); (P.D.)
| | - Sheetal Shirodkar
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201303, India; (A.S.); (S.S.); (B.K.); (S.S.); (P.D.)
| | - Praveen Dahiya
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201303, India; (A.S.); (S.S.); (B.K.); (S.S.); (P.D.)
| | - Rachana Sahney
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201303, India; (A.S.); (S.S.); (B.K.); (S.S.); (P.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +91-9810-2820-38
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Song R, Cho S, Shin S, Kim H, Lee J. From shaping to functionalization of micro-droplets and particles. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:3395-3416. [PMID: 36133725 PMCID: PMC9419121 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00276g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The structure of microdroplet and microparticle is a critical factor in their functionality, which determines the distribution and sequence of physicochemical reactions. Therefore, the technology of precisely tailoring their shape is requisite for implementing the user demand functions in various applications. This review highlights various methodologies for droplet shaping, classified into passive and active approaches based on whether additional body forces are applied to droplets to manipulate their functions and fabricate them into microparticles. The passive approaches cover batch emulsification, solvent evaporation and diffusion, micromolding, and microfluidic methods. In active approaches, the external forces, such as electrical and magnetic fields or optical lithography, are applied to microdroplets. Special attention is also given to latest technologies using microdroplets and microparticles, especially in the fields of biological, optical, robotic, and environmental applications. Finally, this review aims to address the advantages and disadvantages of the introduced approaches and suggests the direction for further development in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryungeun Song
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University Suwon 16419 Korea
| | - Seongsu Cho
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University Suwon 16419 Korea
| | - Seonghun Shin
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University Suwon 16419 Korea
| | - Hyejeong Kim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University Seoul 02841 Korea
| | - Jinkee Lee
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University Suwon 16419 Korea
- Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University Suwon 16419 Korea
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Liu Q, Zhao M, Mytnyk S, Klemm B, Zhang K, Wang Y, Yan D, Mendes E, van Esch JH. Self-Orienting Hydrogel Micro-Buckets as Novel Cell Carriers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 58:547-551. [PMID: 30395386 PMCID: PMC6391985 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201811374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogel microparticles are important in materials engineering, but their applications remain limited owing to the difficulties associated with their manipulation. Herein, we report the self‐orientation of crescent‐shaped hydrogel microparticles and elucidate its mechanism. Additionally, the microparticles were used, for the first time, as micro‐buckets to carry living cells. In aqueous solution, the microparticles spontaneously rotated to a preferred orientation with the cavity facing up. We developed a geometric model that explains the self‐orienting behavior of crescent‐shaped particles by minimizing the potential energy of this specific morphology. Finally, we selectively modified the particles’ cavities with RGD peptide and exploited their preferred orientation to load them with living cells. Cells could adhere, proliferate, and be transported and released in vitro. These micro‐buckets hold a great potential for applications in smart materials, cell therapy, and biological engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, Delft, 2629, HZ, The Netherlands
| | - Meng Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 2, Delft, 2628, CD, The Netherlands
| | - Serhii Mytnyk
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, Delft, 2629, HZ, The Netherlands
| | - Benjamin Klemm
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, Delft, 2629, HZ, The Netherlands
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, Delft, 2629, HZ, The Netherlands
| | - Yiming Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, Delft, 2629, HZ, The Netherlands
| | - Dadong Yan
- Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Eduardo Mendes
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, Delft, 2629, HZ, The Netherlands
| | - Jan H van Esch
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, Delft, 2629, HZ, The Netherlands
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Liu Q, Zhao M, Mytnyk S, Klemm B, Zhang K, Wang Y, Yan D, Mendes E, van Esch JH. Self-Orienting Hydrogel Micro-Buckets as Novel Cell Carriers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201811374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- Department of Physics; Beijing Normal University; Beijing 100875 P. R. China
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Delft University of Technology; van der Maasweg 9 Delft 2629 HZ The Netherlands
| | - Meng Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Delft University of Technology; Mekelweg 2 Delft 2628 CD The Netherlands
| | - Serhii Mytnyk
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Delft University of Technology; van der Maasweg 9 Delft 2629 HZ The Netherlands
| | - Benjamin Klemm
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Delft University of Technology; van der Maasweg 9 Delft 2629 HZ The Netherlands
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Delft University of Technology; van der Maasweg 9 Delft 2629 HZ The Netherlands
| | - Yiming Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Delft University of Technology; van der Maasweg 9 Delft 2629 HZ The Netherlands
| | - Dadong Yan
- Department of Physics; Beijing Normal University; Beijing 100875 P. R. China
| | - Eduardo Mendes
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Delft University of Technology; van der Maasweg 9 Delft 2629 HZ The Netherlands
| | - Jan H. van Esch
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Delft University of Technology; van der Maasweg 9 Delft 2629 HZ The Netherlands
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Kang SM, Choi CH, Kim J, Yeom SJ, Lee D, Park BJ, Lee CS. Capillarity-induced directed self-assembly of patchy hexagram particles at the air-water interface. SOFT MATTER 2016; 12:5847-5853. [PMID: 27328067 DOI: 10.1039/c6sm00270f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Directed self-assembly can produce ordered or organized superstructures from pre-existing building blocks through pre-programmed interactions. Encoding desired information into building blocks with specific directionality and strength, however, poses a significant challenge for the development of self-assembled superstructures. Here, we demonstrate that controlling the shape and patchiness of particles trapped at the air-water interface can represent a powerful approach for forming ordered macroscopic complex structures through capillary interactions. We designed hexagram particles using a micromolding method that allowed for precise control over the shape and, more importantly, the chemical patchiness of the particles. The assembly behaviors of these hexagram particles at the air-water interface were strongly affected by chemical patchiness. In particular, two-dimensional millimeter-scale ordered structures could be formed by varying the patchiness of the hexagram particles, and we attribute this effect to the delicate balance between the attractive and repulsive interactions among the patchy hexagram particles. Our results provide important clues for encoding information into patchy particles to achieve macroscopic assemblies via a simple molding technique and potentially pave a new pathway for the programmable assembly of particles at the air-water interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Min Kang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chang-Hyung Choi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jongmin Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea.
| | - Su-Jin Yeom
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea.
| | - Daeyeon Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 19104, USA
| | - Bum Jun Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 446-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Soo Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea.
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Kim J, Oh MS, Choi CH, Kang SM, Kwak MJ, You JB, Im SG, Lee CS. Three-dimensional clustering of Janus cylinders by convex curvature and hydrophobic interactions. SOFT MATTER 2015; 11:4952-4961. [PMID: 26008176 DOI: 10.1039/c5sm00734h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The three-dimensional (3D) clustering of Janus cylinders is controlled by simply tuning the cylinder geometry and hydrophobic interactions. Janus cylinders were prepared by combining two approaches: micromolding and initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD). Hydrophilic cylinders with a flat- or convex-top curvature were prepared by micromolding based on surface tension-induced flow. The iCVD process then provides a hydrophobic domain through the simple and precise deposition of a polymer film on the top surface, forming monodisperse Janus microcylinders. We use these Janus cylinders as building blocks to form 2D or 3D clusters via hydrophobic interactions in methanol. We investigate how cylinder geometry or degree of hydrophobic interaction affects the resulting cluster geometries. The convex-top Janus cylinders lead to 3D clustering through tip-to-tip interactions, and the flat-top Janus cylinders lead to 2D clustering through face-to-face attraction. The number of Janus cylinders in 3D clusters is tuned by controlling the degree of hydrophobic (or hydrophilic) interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongmin Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea.
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Li X, Zhang L, Wang Y, Yang X, Zhao N, Zhang X, Xu J. A Bottom-Up Approach To Fabricate Patterned Surfaces with Asymmetrical TiO2 Microparticles Trapped in the Holes of Honeycomblike Polymer Film. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:3736-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ja1106767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Yongxin Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoli Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Ning Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Jian Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
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