1
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Han P, Han M, Sessler JL, Lei C. Resolution of Expanded Porphyrinoids: A Path to Persistent Chirality and Appealing Chiroptical Properties. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202303058. [PMID: 37851869 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Chirality is a fundamental characteristic of nature. Expanded porphyrinoids and their analogues offer an attractive platform for delving into the intricacies of chirality. Expanded porphyrinoids comprise pyrrolic macrocycles and related heterocyclic systems. As a class, expanded porphyrinoids are widely recognized for their flexible structural features, nontrivial coordination capabilities, and intriguing optical and electronic properties. With limited exceptions, their inherent conformational flexibility coupled with a low racemization barrier allows for the facile interchange between enantiomers. As a result, achieving the effective chiral resolution of individual enantiomers and the subsequent exploration of their chiroptical properties represents a significant challenge. This review summarizes strategies used to realize the chiral resolution of expanded porphyrinoids and the understanding of intrinsic chiroptical properties that has emerged from these separation efforts. It is our hope that this review will serve not only to codify our current understanding of chiral expanded porphyrinoids, but also inspire advances in the generalized area of chiral functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puren Han
- Department of Physics, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Mutian Han
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Jonathan L Sessler
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 East 24th Street, Stop A5300, Austin, Texas, 78712-1224, USA
| | - Chuanhu Lei
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
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2
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Zhang F, Rao Y, Zhou M, Xu L, Osuka A, Song J. Gated Photochromism of Dithienylethene-Embedded Expanded Calixphyrins. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302340. [PMID: 37580279 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Dithienylethene (DTE)-embedded expanded porphyrins were synthesized and confirmed to be photochemically inactive due to the lowest excited state of the expanded porphyrins. On the other hand, DTE-embedded expanded calixphyrins exhibited reversible photochromism upon UV-irradiation to form colored closed forms, which reverted to colorless open forms upon red-light irradiation. The closed forms were oxidized with DDQ or the air to lock the recorded information by converting to photochemically inactive expanded porphyrins. This was unlocked by reduction with NaBH4 to restore expanded calixphyrins with photochromism activity. These gated photochromic behaviors were demonstrated in PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate) film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenni Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Educational of China, Key Laboratory of the Assembly and, Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Yutao Rao
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Educational of China, Key Laboratory of the Assembly and, Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Mingbo Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Educational of China, Key Laboratory of the Assembly and, Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Ling Xu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Educational of China, Key Laboratory of the Assembly and, Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Atsuhiro Osuka
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Educational of China, Key Laboratory of the Assembly and, Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Jianxin Song
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Educational of China, Key Laboratory of the Assembly and, Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
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3
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Sakurai T, Hiraoka Y, Tanaka H, Miyake Y, Fukui N, Shinokubo H. Easily Switchable 18π-, 19π-, and 20π-Conjugation of Diazaporphyrin Double-Pincer Bispalladium Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202300437. [PMID: 36723446 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202300437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
NiII 3,7,13,17-tetrapyridyl-5,15-diazaporphyrin serves as a double tridentate ligand to PdII ions to provide a pincer-type bispalladium complex. Electrochemical analysis revealed that the bispalladium complex shows excellent ability to accept electrons and reversible redox properties due to the coordination of the two cationic PdII centers to the meso-nitrogen atoms. We isolated and characterized one- and two-electron reduction species of the bispalladium complex. The 20π antiaromatic nature of the two-electron reduction species was confirmed by 1 H NMR spectroscopy, UV/Vis-near-IR (NIR) absorption spectra, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. X-ray diffraction revealed highly twisted structures for the bispalladium complexes regardless of the oxidation state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Sakurai
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Science (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Yuya Hiraoka
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Science (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Hisaaki Tanaka
- Department of Applied Physics, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Miyake
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Science (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Norihito Fukui
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Science (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan.,PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shinokubo
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Science (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
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4
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Liang K, Chen H, Wang X, Lu T, Duan Z, Sessler JL, Lei C. Di-2,7-pyrenidecaphyrin(1.1.0.0.0.1.1.0.0.0) and Its Bis-Organopalladium Complexes: Synthesis and Chiroptical Properties. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202212770. [PMID: 36401592 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202212770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A non-aromatic expanded carbaporphyrinoid, incorporating two built-in 2,7-pyrenylene moieties was synthesized. The intrinsically labile structure was demonstrated by proton-triggered conformational changes between the figure-of-eight and quasi-Möbius conformers. Upon treatment with Pd(OAc)2 , the reaction produces two bis-PdII complexes with distinct coordination modes. Metal coordination serves to fix the macrocyclic frameworks with the net result that both bis-PdII complexes could be resolved by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) on a chiral stationary phase. The isolated enantiomers showed persistent chiroptical properties as evidenced by the intense response in the circular dichroism (CD) spectra and the record high absorption dissymmetry factors (gabs of up to 0.038) seen in the near-infrared spectral region. Moreover, the mutual interconversion of these two PdII complexes was found to be stereospecific and to favor the more stable isomers under weakly acidic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kejiang Liang
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Hao Chen
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Xue Wang
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Tian Lu
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Zhiming Duan
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Jonathan L Sessler
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 East 24th Street, Stop A5300, Austin, TX 78712-1224, USA
| | - Chuanhu Lei
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
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5
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Rao Y, Xu L, Zhou M, Yin B, Osuka A, Song J. Expanded Azaporphyrins Consisting of Multiple BODIPY Units: Global Aromaticity and High Affinities Towards Alkali Metal Ions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202206899. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202206899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yutao Rao
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Ministry of Educational of China, Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan Normal University Changsha 410081 China
| | - Ling Xu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Ministry of Educational of China, Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan Normal University Changsha 410081 China
| | - Mingbo Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Ministry of Educational of China, Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan Normal University Changsha 410081 China
| | - Bangshao Yin
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Ministry of Educational of China, Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan Normal University Changsha 410081 China
| | - Atsuhiro Osuka
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Ministry of Educational of China, Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan Normal University Changsha 410081 China
| | - Jianxin Song
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Ministry of Educational of China, Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan Normal University Changsha 410081 China
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6
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Rawat N, Ojha B, Ravikanth M. Synthesis and Properties of Nonaromatic Meta-Benziheptaphyrins and Aromatic Para-Benziheptaphyrins. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200715. [PMID: 35899820 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Two examples of nonaromatic m -benziheptaphyrins and two examples of aromatic p -benziheptaphyrins were synthesized by [5+2] condensation of appropriate m -benzi pentapyrrane and p -benzi pentapyrrane respectively and bithiophene diol in CH 2 Cl 2 in the presence of one equivalent of TFA under inert conditions for 30 min followed by oxidation with DDQ in open air for 1 h. The 1 H NMR studies carried out at room temperature as well as at lower temperature indicated the nonaromatic nature of m -benziheptaphyrins with inversion of two thiophene rings and aromatic nature of p -benziheptaphyrins with inversion of one of the thiophene ring. The X-ray structure obtained for one of the p -benziheptaphyrins showed a planar conformation with alignment of one of the thiophene ring away from the macrocyclic inner core but maintained its coplanarity with the mean plane and supported the aromatic nature of the macrocycle. The absorption spectra of m -benziheptaphyrins resembled with the nonaromatic systems and showed two intense bands at 445 nm, 555 nm and a very broad band in the region of 600-1100 nm whereas the p -benziheptaphyrin showed three sharp intense bands at 534 nm, 585 nm and 832 nm due to their aromatic nature. The protonation of m -benziheptaphyrins and p -benziheptaphyrins resulted in significant bathochromic shifts in their absorption maxima and showed strong absorption in NIR region. The electrochemical studies indicated that m - & p -benziheptaphyrins undergo oxidations and reductions easily. DFT and TD-DFT studies were in agreement with the experimental observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Rawat
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Chemistry, IIT bombay, powai, 400076, Mumbai, INDIA
| | - Belarani Ojha
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Chemistry, 400076, INDIA
| | - Mangalampalli Ravikanth
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Department of Chemistry, Powai, 400 076, Mumbai, INDIA
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7
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Rao Y, Xu L, Zhou M, Yin B, Osuka A, Song J. Expanded Azaporphyrins Consisting of Multiple BODIPY Units: Global Aromaticity and High Affinities Towards Alkali Metal Ions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202206899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yutao Rao
- Hunan Normal University - Erliban Campus: Hunan Normal University Chemistry CHINA
| | - Ling Xu
- Hunan Normal University - Erliban Campus: Hunan Normal University Chemistry CHINA
| | - Mingbo Zhou
- Hunan Normal University - Erliban Campus: Hunan Normal University Chemistry CHINA
| | - Bangshao Yin
- Hunan Normal University - Erliban Campus: Hunan Normal University Chemistry CHINA
| | - Atsuhiro Osuka
- Hunan Normal University - Erliban Campus: Hunan Normal University Chemistry CHINA
| | - Jianxin Song
- Hunan Normal University Chemistry Yue Lu Qu Lushan Road 36 410081 Changsha CHINA
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8
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Nakai A, Tanaka T, Osuka A. A Fully Conjugated Porphyrin‐[36]Octaphyrin‐Porphyrin Hybrid Tape Exhibiting Möbius Aromaticity. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200328. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akito Nakai
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Kyoto University Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Takayuki Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Kyoto University Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Osuka
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Kyoto University Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
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9
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Zhang Z, Wen B, Rao Y, Xu L, Osuka A, Song J. Meso‐Monoaryl‐Substituted Neo‐confused Calixsmaragdyrins and Meso‐monoaryl Substituted Smaragdyrins: Synthesis, Structures and Properties. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202200619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China) Key Laboratory of Application and Assemble of Organic Functional Molecules Hunan Normal University Changsha 410081 China
| | - Bin Wen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China) Key Laboratory of Application and Assemble of Organic Functional Molecules Hunan Normal University Changsha 410081 China
| | - Yutao Rao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China) Key Laboratory of Application and Assemble of Organic Functional Molecules Hunan Normal University Changsha 410081 China
| | - Ling Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China) Key Laboratory of Application and Assemble of Organic Functional Molecules Hunan Normal University Changsha 410081 China
| | - Atsuhiro Osuka
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China) Key Laboratory of Application and Assemble of Organic Functional Molecules Hunan Normal University Changsha 410081 China
| | - Jianxin Song
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China) Key Laboratory of Application and Assemble of Organic Functional Molecules Hunan Normal University Changsha 410081 China
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10
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Nakai A, Kim J, Tanaka T, Kim D, Osuka A. Tetrabromo[36]octaphyrin: A Promising Precursor of Directly Fused Porphyrin(2.1.1.1) Dimer and
meso‐α
Fused N‐Confused Porphyrin Dimer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202112023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akito Nakai
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Jinseok Kim
- Spectroscopy Laboratory for Functional π-Electronic Systems and Department of Chemistry Yonsei University Seoul 120-749 Korea
| | - Takayuki Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Dongho Kim
- Spectroscopy Laboratory for Functional π-Electronic Systems and Department of Chemistry Yonsei University Seoul 120-749 Korea
| | - Atsuhiro Osuka
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
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11
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Nakai A, Kim J, Tanaka T, Kim D, Osuka A. Tetrabromo[36]octaphyrin: A Promising Precursor of Directly Fused Porphyrin(2.1.1.1) Dimer and meso-α Fused N-Confused Porphyrin Dimer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:26540-26544. [PMID: 34609777 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202112023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
3,7,23,27-Tetrabromo[36]octaphyrin 2 was synthesized as a novel octaphyrin bearing two meso-free positions. Surprisingly, its ZnII and NiII complexation reactions produced a directly fused porphyrin(2.1.1.1) dimer 6, and a meso-α fused N-confused porphyrin (NCP) dimer 7, as the first example of NCP tape, respectively, via transannular C-C bond formation. While 6 exhibits a diatropic ring-current effect owing to the global 36π Möbius aromaticity, 7 shows a paratropic ring-current effect due to the global Hückel 36π antiaromaticity. In addition, the oxidation of 7 with PbO2 allowed for formation of its two-electron oxidized species 9 that exhibited a diatropic ring-current effect due to the global Hückel 34π aromaticity. This work has demonstrated that meso-free large expanded porphyrins can be a promising platform to produce novel fused porphyrinoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akito Nakai
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Jinseok Kim
- Spectroscopy Laboratory for Functional π-Electronic Systems and Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, 120-749, Korea
| | - Takayuki Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Dongho Kim
- Spectroscopy Laboratory for Functional π-Electronic Systems and Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, 120-749, Korea
| | - Atsuhiro Osuka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
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12
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Usuba J, Fukazawa A. Thiophene-Fused 1,4-Diazapentalene: A Stable C=N-Containing π-Conjugated System with Restored Antiaromaticity. Chemistry 2021; 27:16127-16134. [PMID: 34605567 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A thiophene-fused 1,4-diazapentalene (TAP) was rationally designed and synthesized as a C=N-containing 4n π-electron system that exhibits restored antiaromaticity impaired by the doping with C=N bonds. X-ray crystallographic analysis and quantum chemical calculations revealed that the annulation of thiophene rings with the 1,4-diazapentalene moiety resulted in a much higher antiaromaticity than the pristine 1,4-diazapentalene. These effects can be ascribed to the reduced bond alternation of the eight-membered-ring periphery caused by stabilization of the less-stable bond-shifted resonance structure upon increasing the degree of substitution of imine moieties. Consequently, TAP underwent facile hydrogenation even under mild conditions because of its pronounced antiaromaticity and the high aromaticity of the corresponding hydrogenated product H2 -TAP. In addition, the electrophilic C=N moieties in TAP led to the formation of a dense π-stacked structure. These results highlight the effect of partial replacement of C=C bonds with C=N bonds in antiaromatic π-electron systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junichi Usuba
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS) Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.,Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Aiko Fukazawa
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS) Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
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13
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Zhou W, Hao M, Lu T, Duan Z, Sarma T, Sessler JL, Lei C. Carbazole-Containing Carbadecaphyrins: Non-aromatic Expanded Porphyrins that Undergo Proton-Triggered Conformational Changes. Chemistry 2021; 27:16173-16180. [PMID: 34532908 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A pair of meso-unsubstituted expanded carbaporphyrins containing two carbazole moieties were prepared in high isolated yields (82 and 76 %, respectively). The two macrocycles, namely 3 and 4, differ with respect to their substitution at the carbazole N-atoms i. e. by H and i-Bu, respectively. As prepared in their free-base forms, macrocycles 3 and 4 adopt figure-of-eight conformations and are best characterized as 40 π-electron, non-aromatic species possessing a decaphyrin(1.1.0.0.0.1.1.0.0.0) skeleton. Protonation of 3 with either trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) or perchloric acid (HClO4 ) produces a parallelogram-shaped structure. A similar structure is produced when N-functionalized system 4 is treated with TFA. In contrast, protonation of 4 with HClO4 leads it to adopt a twisted Möbius strip-like structure in the solid state, thus allowing access to three distinct conformational states as a function of the conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weinan Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.,Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Mengdi Hao
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Tian Lu
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Zhiming Duan
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Tridib Sarma
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.,Department of Chemistry, Cotton University, Guwahati, 781001, Assam, India
| | - Jonathan L Sessler
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 East 24th Street, Stop A5300, Austin, Texas, 78712-1224, United States
| | - Chuanhu Lei
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
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14
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Rawat N, Sinha A, Ravikanth M. Synthesis and Structural Properties of NIR-Absorbing Pyridine-Containing Heptaphyrins. Chem Asian J 2021; 17:e202101141. [PMID: 34783449 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202101141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Four examples of stable nonaromatic pyridine containing heteroheptaphyrins (pyrithiaheptaphyrins) 2-5 were synthesized in 8-13% yields by [5+2] condensation of newly synthesized pyridine-based pentapyrrane 8 and bithiophene diol 9 a-d. The X-ray crystallographic analysis of macrocycle 2 proved that the macrocycle assumes a highly planar structure with two inverted thiophene rings. The heteroheptaphyrins 2-5 are asymmetric and showed a greater number of resonances in 1 H NMR spectra compared to our previously reported symmetric heterohexaphyrin (pyrithiahexaphyrin) 1 c. Most of the macrocyclic core protons in pyrithiahepaphyrins 2-5 experienced upfield/downfield shifts compared to pyrithiahexaphyrin 1 c indicating the alteration of π-conjugation in the macrocycles. The absorption bands were significantly red-shifted and located in the NIR region in macrocycles 2-5 compared to 1 c supporting the increase of π-delocalization. The theoretical studies support the experimental findings and NICS(0) value supports the non-aromaticity of the macrocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Rawat
- Indian Institute of Technology, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Avisikta Sinha
- Indian Institute of Technology, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
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15
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Liu Y, Bian Y, Zhang Y, Hang C, Zhang X, Lou S, Jin Q. Fluorescence of CoTPP Mediated by the Plasmon-Exciton Coupling Effect in the Tunneling Junction. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:5349-5356. [PMID: 34076440 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c01123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
CoTPP, as a common hypsoporphyrin, is usually not a luminescent molecule because of the open-shell Co ion. In this paper, well-defined multilayer CoTPP molecules self-assembled on Au(111) surface are characterized layer by layer with scanning tunneling microscope (STM) induced luminescence. By using the highly localized STM tunneling current, we not only investigate the influence of bias polarity on the amplitude of distinct plasmonic emission resulted from the interaction between the metal substrate and the metal ions but also first obtain the light emission from the hypsoporphyrins in the tunneling junction. The density-matrix method and the combined approach of classical electrodynamics and first-principles calculation are used to explain the mechanism of the light emission. These findings may expand the underlying physics of plasmon-exciton coupling in STM nanocavity and reveal a new possible path to overcome the fluorescent potential of hypsoporphyrins by the intense localized electric fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Yajie Bian
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Yuyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Chao Hang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, P. R. China
| | - Shitao Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Qingyuan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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16
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Ye L, Fang Y, Ou Z, Feng R, Chen M, Guo R, Kadish KM. Electrochemical Characterization of Bis‐Cobalt Hexaphyrin: A Selective Electrocatalyst for the Two‐Electron Reduction of Oxygen in Acid Media. ChemElectroChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202100063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lina Ye
- College of Computer Jilin Normal University Siping 136000 P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang 212013 P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Fang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang 212013 P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry University of Houston Houston TX 77204-5003 USA
| | - Zhongping Ou
- Department of Chemistry University of Houston Houston TX 77204-5003 USA
| | - Ru Feng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang 212013 P. R. China
| | - Minyuan Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang 212013 P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry University of Houston Houston TX 77204-5003 USA
| | - Rui Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang 212013 P. R. China
| | - Karl M. Kadish
- Department of Chemistry University of Houston Houston TX 77204-5003 USA
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17
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Jana A, Ishida M, Furuta H. Benzo-Tetrathiafulvalene- (BTTF-) Annulated Expanded Porphyrins: Potential Next-Generation Multielectron Reservoirs. Chemistry 2021; 27:4466-4472. [PMID: 33347663 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202005021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Two sterically crowded benzo-tetrathiafulvalene (BTTF)-annulated expanded porphyrins (BTTF7-F and BTTF8) are synthesized. Detailed photophysical investigations reveal their intrinsic intramolecular charge transfer (CT) character, originated from partial electron transfer from electron-rich TTF units to the relatively electron-deficient macrocyclic core. This finding stands in contrast to what was observed in the previously reported Figure-of-eight conformer of BTTF-annulated [28]hexaphyrin (BTTF6), in which a typical π-π* electronic transition from HOMO to LUMO was observed. However, core expansion in BTTF7-F and BTTF8 makes the oligopyrrole macrocyclic cores relatively more electron-deficient, facilitating the effective intramolecular CT process. Comparative electrochemical investigations reveal that the current generated at the oxidative region is directly proportional to the number of TTF units attached to the macrocyclic core. This work demonstrates the control of the intramolecular CT process through incremental addition of TTF units to the macrocyclic core. Facile multielectron electrochemical oxidations of these expanded porphyrins suggest that they behave like potential multielectron reservoirs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atanu Jana
- Department of Chemistry, Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management (GITAM), NH 207, Nagadenehalli, Doddaballapur Taluk, Bengaluru, 561203, Karnataka, India
| | - Masatoshi Ishida
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, and Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Furuta
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, and Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
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18
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Sample HC, Senge MO. Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution (S NAr) and Related Reactions of Porphyrinoids: Mechanistic and Regiochemical Aspects. European J Org Chem 2021; 2021:7-42. [PMID: 33519299 PMCID: PMC7821298 DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202001183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The nucleophilic substitution of aromatic moieties (SNAr) has been known for over 150 years and found wide use for the functionalization of (hetero)aromatic systems. Currently, several "types" of SNAr reactions have been established and notably the area of porphyrinoid macrocycles has seen many uses thereof. Herein, we detail the SNAr reactions of seven types of porphyrinoids with differing number and type of pyrrole units: subporphyrins, norcorroles, corroles, porphyrins, azuliporphyrins, N-confused porphyrins, and phthalocyanines. For each we analyze the substitution dependent upon: a) the type of nucleophile and b) the site of substitution (α, β, or meso). Along with this we evaluate this route as a synthetic strategy for the generation of unsymmetrical porphyrinoids. Distinct trends can be identified for each type of porphyrinoid discussed, regardless of nucleophile. The use of nucleophilic substitution on porphyrinoids is found to often be a cost-effective procedure with the ability to yield complex substituent patterns, which can be conducted in non-anhydrous solvents with easily accessible simple porphyrinoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry C. Sample
- School of ChemistryTrinity Biomedical Sciences InstituteThe University of Dublin152‐160 Pearse StreetDublin 2Ireland
| | - Mathias O. Senge
- Institute for Advanced Study (TUM‐IAS)Technical University of MunichLichtenbergstrasse 2a85748GarchingGermany
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19
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Szyszko B, Rymut P, Matviyishyn M, Białońska A, Latos‐Grażyński L. Kinetic versus Thermodynamic Control Over Multiple Conformations of Di‐2,7‐naphthihexaphyrin(1.1.1.1.1.1). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202008518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Szyszko
- Department of Chemistry University of Wrocław 14 F. Joliot-Curie St. 50–383 Wrocław Poland
| | - Paweł Rymut
- Department of Chemistry University of Wrocław 14 F. Joliot-Curie St. 50–383 Wrocław Poland
| | - Maksym Matviyishyn
- Department of Chemistry University of Wrocław 14 F. Joliot-Curie St. 50–383 Wrocław Poland
| | - Agata Białońska
- Department of Chemistry University of Wrocław 14 F. Joliot-Curie St. 50–383 Wrocław Poland
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20
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Szyszko B, Rymut P, Matviyishyn M, Białońska A, Latos-Grażyński L. Kinetic versus Thermodynamic Control Over Multiple Conformations of Di-2,7-naphthihexaphyrin(1.1.1.1.1.1). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:20137-20146. [PMID: 33462869 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202008518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Di-2,7-naphthihexaphyrin(1.1.1.1.1.1), a non-aromatic carba-analogue of the hexaphyrin(1.1.1.1.1.1), incorporating two built-in 2,7-naphthylene moieties was synthesized as two separate, conformationally locked stereoisomers. Both conformers followed complex protonation pathways involving structurally different species, which can be targeted under kinetic and thermodynamic control. The neutralization of the ultimate dicationic product, accessible from both stereoisomers of the free base, allowed to realize the complex conformational switching cycle involving six structurally different species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Szyszko
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie St., 50-383, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Paweł Rymut
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie St., 50-383, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Maksym Matviyishyn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie St., 50-383, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Agata Białońska
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie St., 50-383, Wrocław, Poland
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21
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Berlicka A, Stanowska J, Białek MJ, Ślepokura K, Latos-Grażyński L. Dicarba[26]hexaporphyrinoids(1.1.1.1.1.1) with an Embedded Cyclopentene Moiety-Conformational Switching. Chemistry 2020; 26:12322-12327. [PMID: 32633431 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Incorporation of cyclopentene fragments into a skeleton of parental [26]hexaphyrin(1.1.1.1.1.1) afforded extended carbaporphyrinoids: 31,34-dicarbahexa[26]chlorin and its derivatives: the first externally substituted by ethoxy and 2,4,6-trimethylbenzylidene groups and the second one formed by selective oxidation of one cyclopentene ring. Macrocycles adopt dumbbell-shaped conformations with two meso hydrogen atoms located inside the macrocyclic cavity. Protonation of 31,34-dicarba[26]hexachlorins provided dications existing in dumbbell-shaped and rectangular conformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Berlicka
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie St., 50-383, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Justyna Stanowska
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie St., 50-383, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Michał J Białek
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie St., 50-383, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Ślepokura
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie St., 50-383, Wrocław, Poland
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22
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Szyszko B, Latos-Grażyński L. Expanded Carbaporphyrinoids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:16874-16901. [PMID: 31825555 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201914840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This Review outlines the progress in the field of synthetic expanded carbaporphyrinoids. The evolution of this topic is demonstrated with expanded porphyrin-inspired systems with a variety of incorporated entities that introduce one or more carbon atoms into the cavity. The discussion starts with platyrins-the macrocycles that were identified as parent molecules of not only the expanded carbaporphyrinoids, but the carbaporphyrinoid class in general. After historic considerations, the plethora of expanded porphyrin-like macrocycles containing N-confused or neo-confused pyrrole motifs and different carbocyclic subunits are presented. Special emphasis is given to applications of expanded carbaporphyrinoids in different areas, including organometallic chemistry, switching systems, or aromaticity, concluding with the demonstration of a covalent cage based on an expanded carbaporphyrinoid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Szyszko
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie St., 50-383, Wrocław, Poland
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23
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Szyszko
- Department of Chemistry University of Wrocław 14 F. Joliot-Curie St. 50-383 Wrocław Polen
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24
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Kato K, Osuka A. Propeller-Shaped Semi-fused Porphyrin Trimers: Molecular-Symmetry-Dependent Chiroptical Response. Chemistry 2020; 26:10217-10221. [PMID: 32459376 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Triple helicene-like semi-fused trimeric NiII porphyrins were constructed by alkyne trimerization of an ethynyl-substituted porphyrin and subsequent three-fold Grignard addition to the formyl groups and acid-catalyzed intramolecular cyclization. The presence of stereogenic sp3 carbons in the central bridge leads to small inter-porphyrin conjugative interactions as was revealed by electrochemical and optical properties. Two diastereomers with stable chiral conformations were optically resolved, and the separated enantiomers displayed considerably intense circular dichroism. Importantly, the chiroptical response of C3 -symmetric helical isomer (|Δϵ|=830 m-1 cm-1 ) is 1.8 times amplified from that of C1 -symmetric one (|Δϵ|=470 m-1 cm-1 ). The observed amplification has been interpreted in terms of different spatial arrangements of the three porphyrins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Kato
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Osuka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
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25
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Szyszko B, Przewoźnik M, Białek MJ, Białońska A, Chmielewski PJ, Latos-Grażyński L. Conformation-Dependent Response to the Protonation of Diphenanthrioctaphyrin(1.1.1.0.1.1.1.0): A Route to Pseudorotaxane-Like Structures. Chemistry 2020; 26:8555-8566. [PMID: 32203626 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Diphenanthrioctaphyrin(1.1.1.0.1.1.1.0), an expanded carbaporphyrinoid incorporating two phenanthrenylene moieties, exists as two separate, yet interconvertible, locked stereoisomers. These species demonstrate complex dynamic behavior upon protonation, consisting in multiple conformational rearrangements and anion-binding events. The formation of one of the final dicationic forms is accompanied by the inclusion of a complex anion(s) within the macrocyclic cavity yielding a pseudorotaxane-like host-guest complex. Protonation with trifluoroacetic or dichloroacetic acids followed by neutralization afforded a conformation-switching cycle, which involves six structurally different species. Analogous acidification with chiral 10-camphorsulfonic acid and subsequent neutralization generated one of the free base stereoisomers with enantiomeric excess. Therefore, it was shown that the simple acid-base chemistry of diphenanthrioctaphyrin can act as stimulus, inducing chirality into the system, allowing for the manipulation of the stereochemical information imprinted into the enantiomers of the macrocycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Szyszko
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie St., 50383, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Monika Przewoźnik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie St., 50383, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Michał J Białek
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie St., 50383, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Agata Białońska
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie St., 50383, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Piotr J Chmielewski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie St., 50383, Wrocław, Poland
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26
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Wang Y, Ogasahara K, Tomihama D, Mysliborski R, Ishida M, Hong Y, Notsuka Y, Yamaoka Y, Murayama T, Muranaka A, Uchiyama M, Mori S, Yasutake Y, Fukatsu S, Kim D, Furuta H. Near‐Infrared‐III‐Absorbing and ‐Emitting Dyes: Energy‐Gap Engineering of Expanded Porphyrinoids via Metallation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202006026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Graduate School of Engineering the Center for Molecular Systems Kyushu University Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Koki Ogasahara
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Graduate School of Engineering the Center for Molecular Systems Kyushu University Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Daisuke Tomihama
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Graduate School of Engineering the Center for Molecular Systems Kyushu University Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Radomir Mysliborski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Graduate School of Engineering the Center for Molecular Systems Kyushu University Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Masatoshi Ishida
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Graduate School of Engineering the Center for Molecular Systems Kyushu University Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Yongseok Hong
- Department of Chemistry and Spectroscopy for Functional π-Electronic Systems Yonsei University Seoul 03722 Korea
| | - Yusuke Notsuka
- Graduate School of Advanced Health Sciences Saga University Saga 840-8502 Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Yamaoka
- Graduate School of Advanced Health Sciences Saga University Saga 840-8502 Japan
| | - Tomotaka Murayama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences The University of Tokyo Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Atsuya Muranaka
- Cluster for Pioneering Research (CPR) Advanced Elements Chemistry Laboratory RIKEN Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - Masanobu Uchiyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences The University of Tokyo Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
- Cluster for Pioneering Research (CPR) Advanced Elements Chemistry Laboratory RIKEN Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - Shigeki Mori
- Advanced Research Support Center Ehime University Matsuyama 790-8577 Japan
| | - Yuhsuke Yasutake
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences The University of Tokyo Tokyo 153-8902 Japan
| | - Susumu Fukatsu
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences The University of Tokyo Tokyo 153-8902 Japan
| | - Dongho Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Spectroscopy for Functional π-Electronic Systems Yonsei University Seoul 03722 Korea
| | - Hiroyuki Furuta
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Graduate School of Engineering the Center for Molecular Systems Kyushu University Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
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27
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Wang Y, Ogasahara K, Tomihama D, Mysliborski R, Ishida M, Hong Y, Notsuka Y, Yamaoka Y, Murayama T, Muranaka A, Uchiyama M, Mori S, Yasutake Y, Fukatsu S, Kim D, Furuta H. Near-Infrared-III-Absorbing and -Emitting Dyes: Energy-Gap Engineering of Expanded Porphyrinoids via Metallation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:16161-16166. [PMID: 32469135 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202006026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of organometallic complexes of modified 26π-conjugated hexaphyrins with absorption and emission capabilities in the third near-infrared region (NIR-III) is described. Symmetry alteration of the frontier molecular orbitals (MOs) of bis-PdII and bis-PtII complexes of hexaphyrin via N-confusion modification led to substantial metal dπ -pπ interactions. This MO mixing, in turn, resulted in a significantly narrower HOMO-LUMO energy gap. A remarkable long-wavelength shift of the lowest S0 →S1 absorption beyond 1700 nm was achieved with the bis-PtII complex, t-Pt2 -3. The emergence of photoacoustic (PA) signals maximized at 1700 nm makes t-Pt2 -3 potentially useful as a NIR-III PA contrast agent. The rigid bis-PdII complexes, t-Pd2 -3 and c-Pd2 -3, are rare examples of NIR emitters beyond 1500 nm. The current study provides new insight into the design of stable, expanded porphyrinic dyes possessing NIR-III-emissive and photoacoustic-response capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, the Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Koki Ogasahara
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, the Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Daisuke Tomihama
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, the Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Radomir Mysliborski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, the Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Ishida
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, the Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yongseok Hong
- Department of Chemistry and Spectroscopy for Functional π-Electronic Systems, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Yusuke Notsuka
- Graduate School of Advanced Health Sciences, Saga University, Saga, 840-8502, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Yamaoka
- Graduate School of Advanced Health Sciences, Saga University, Saga, 840-8502, Japan
| | - Tomotaka Murayama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Atsuya Muranaka
- Cluster for Pioneering Research (CPR), Advanced Elements Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Masanobu Uchiyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.,Cluster for Pioneering Research (CPR), Advanced Elements Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Shigeki Mori
- Advanced Research Support Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, 790-8577, Japan
| | - Yuhsuke Yasutake
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan
| | - Susumu Fukatsu
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan
| | - Dongho Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Spectroscopy for Functional π-Electronic Systems, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Hiroyuki Furuta
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, the Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
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28
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Kim T, Duan Z, Talukdar S, Lei C, Kim D, Sessler JL, Sarma T. Excitonically Coupled Cyclic BF
2
Arrays of Calix[8]‐ and Calix[16]phyrin as Near‐IR‐Chromophores. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202004867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taeyeon Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Spectroscopy Laboratory for Functional π-Electronic Systems Yonsei University Seoul 03722 Korea
| | - Zhiming Duan
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry College of Science Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 P. R. China
| | - Sangita Talukdar
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry College of Science Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 P. R. China
- Department of Physics College of Science Shanghai University 99 Shang-Da Road Shanghai 200444 P. R. China
| | - Chuanhu Lei
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry College of Science Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 P. R. China
| | - Dongho Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Spectroscopy Laboratory for Functional π-Electronic Systems Yonsei University Seoul 03722 Korea
| | - Jonathan L. Sessler
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry College of Science Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry The University of Texas at Austin 105 East 24th Street, Stop A5300 Austin TX 78712-1224 USA
| | - Tridib Sarma
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry College of Science Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 China
- Department of Chemistry The University of Texas at Austin 105 East 24th Street, Stop A5300 Austin TX 78712-1224 USA
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29
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Excitonically Coupled Cyclic BF
2
Arrays of Calix[8]‐ and Calix[16]phyrin as Near‐IR‐Chromophores. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:13063-13070. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202004867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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30
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Fu Y, Liu X, Li C, Tong Z, Baryshnikov G, Ågren H, Li Q, Xie Y. Rational Synthesis of 5,5,5-Tricyclic Fused Thia-heptaphyrin (1.1.1.1.1.1.0) From a Helical Oligopyrrin Hybrid. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:1285-1289. [PMID: 32128999 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202000100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Oxidation of a thiophene-hexapyrrane hybrid S-P6 afforded a stable conjugated open-chain thiaheptapyrrolic helix 1 with the terminal thiophene and confused pyrrole units lying at a long distance that is adverse for further cyclization. Chelation of 1 with copper(II) ion afforded 1-Cu, which exhibits more distant terminal units. Interestingly, further oxidation of 1 triggered an intramolecular C-N fusion reaction to afford a unique 5,5,5-tricyclic fused linear thiaheptapyrrin 2, with the two terminals positioned in proximity, which favors the oxidative ring-closure reaction to give a unique 5,5,5-tricyclic fused thiaheptaphyrin (1.1.1.1.1.1.0) 3 under air. The inner-fusion strategy for positioning the reactive sites in proximity to promote oxidative cyclization offers a new approach for constructing large porphyrinoids through conjugated oligopyrrins without the assistance of metal ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Fu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P.R. China
| | - Xiujun Liu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P.R. China
| | - Chengjie Li
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P.R. China
| | - Zhangfa Tong
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, P.R. China
| | - Glib Baryshnikov
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hans Ågren
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Qizhao Li
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P.R. China
| | - Yongshu Xie
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P.R. China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, P.R. China
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31
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Izawa M, Suito T, Ishida SI, Shimizu D, Tanaka T, Mori T, Osuka A. Figure-eight Octaphyrin Bis-Ge(IV) Complexes: Synthesis, Structures, Aromaticity, and Chiroptical Properties. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:1440-1448. [PMID: 32119191 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202000159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Highly twisted structures of expanded porphyrin provide a prominent basis to unravel the relationship between aromaticity and chirality. Here we report the synthesis of bis-Ge(IV) complexes of [38]octaphyrin that display rigid figure-eight structures. Two bis-Ge(IV) [38]octaphyrin isomers with respect to the stereochemistry of the axial hydroxy groups on the germanium ions were obtained and found to be aromatic. Upon oxidation with MnO2 , these [38]octaphyrin complexes were converted to a single syn-type isomer of [36]octaphyrin with retained figure-eight conformation. The enantiomers have been successfully separated by HPLC equipped with a chiral stationary phase. While aromatic [38]octaphyrin Ge(IV) complexes showed quite large molar circular dichroism of up to Δϵ=1500 M-1 cm-1 with a dissymmetry factor gabs of 0.035, weakly antiaromatic [36]octaphyrin Ge(IV) complexes underscored moderate values; Δϵ=540 M-1 cm-1 with gabs of 0.023. Thus, the figure-eight octaphyrin scaffold has been proved to be an attractive platform for novel chiroptical materials with tunable aromaticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mondo Izawa
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Taisuke Suito
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichiro Ishida
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Daiki Shimizu
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Takayuki Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Tadashi Mori
- Department of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Osuka
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
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32
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Rawat N, Thorat KG, Kumar S, Ravikanth M. Synthesis of Expanded Hetero 2,6-Pyrihexaphyrins. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Rawat
- Indian Institute of Technology; 400076 Powai Mumbai India
| | | | - Sunit Kumar
- Indian Institute of Technology; 400076 Powai Mumbai India
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33
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Abdisa Kerayu B, Ching WM, Dela Cruz JA, Hung CH. 2,5-Thienylene-Strapped Bicyclic and Tricyclic Expanded Porphyrins. Chempluschem 2020; 84:810-815. [PMID: 31943993 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201900013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
An [18]thiaporphyrin[36]dithiaoctaphyrin-[18]thiaporphyrin tricyclic macrocycle, fused through the 2,5-thienylene bridging moiety, was isolated during the preparation of 2,5-thienylene-strapped [26]hexaphyrin containing o-dichlorophenyl groups as meso substituents. The spectroscopic data of the 2,5-thienylene-strapped [26]hexaphyrin verified contributions of aromaticity from ring currents of both the [18]thiaporphyrin and the [26]hexaphyrin. The crystal structure of the tricyclic macrocycle revealed a distorted [36]dithiaoctaphyrin central core with two [18]thiaporphyrin sidewheels oriented nearly perpendicular to the mean-plane of dithiaoctaphyrin, implying the existence of independent π-conjugated systems. Both the absorption maximum at 441 nm and the chemical shifts in the 1 H NMR spectrum of the tricyclic macrocycle are dominated by diatropic ring currents of two aromatic [18]thiaporphyrin sidewheels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bulti Abdisa Kerayu
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.,Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 10607 (Taiwan)-Min Ching Instrumentation Center National Taiwan Normal University Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Min Ching
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Jay-Ar Dela Cruz
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.,Sustainable Chemical Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Research program Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Hsiung Hung
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.,Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
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34
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Konarev DV, Khasanov SS, Islyaikin MK, Otsuka A, Yamochi H, Kitagawa H, Lyubovskaya RN, Ivanov EN, Koifman OI, Zhabanov YA. Double‐Decker Paramagnetic {(K)(H
3
Hhp)
2
}
⋅2−
Radical Dianions Comprising Two [30]Trithia‐2,3,5,10,12,13,15,20,22,23,25,30‐Dodecaazahexaphyrins and a Potassium Ion. Chem Asian J 2019; 15:61-65. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201901518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitri V. Konarev
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics RAS Chernogolovka, Moscow region 142432 Russia
| | - Salavat S. Khasanov
- Institute of Solid State Physics RAS Chernogolovka, Moscow region 142432 Russia
| | - Mikhail K. Islyaikin
- Research Institute of MacroheterocyclesIvanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology 153000 Ivanovo Russia
| | - Akihiro Otsuka
- Division of ChemistryGraduate School of ScienceKyoto University Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
- Research Center for Low Temperature and Materials SciencesKyoto University Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Hideki Yamochi
- Division of ChemistryGraduate School of ScienceKyoto University Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
- Research Center for Low Temperature and Materials SciencesKyoto University Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kitagawa
- Division of ChemistryGraduate School of ScienceKyoto University Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Rimma N. Lyubovskaya
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics RAS Chernogolovka, Moscow region 142432 Russia
| | - Evgenii N. Ivanov
- Research Institute of MacroheterocyclesIvanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology 153000 Ivanovo Russia
| | - Oskar I. Koifman
- Research Institute of MacroheterocyclesIvanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology 153000 Ivanovo Russia
| | - Yuriy A. Zhabanov
- Research Institute of MacroheterocyclesIvanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology 153000 Ivanovo Russia
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35
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Mori D, Yoneda T, Suzuki M, Hoshino T, Neya S. meso-Diketopyripentaphyrin and Diketopyrihexaphyrin as Macrocyclic Tripyrrinone Ligands for Ni II Ions. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:4169-4173. [PMID: 31777185 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201901375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
We report expanded porphyrins with pyridine rings and two neighboring carbonyl groups, which allow NiII ions to coordinate to the tripyrrinone-type NNNO coordination structure with Ni-O bonds. The selectivity of tripyrrinone is superior to other pyrrolic or pyridinic cavities of expanded porphyrins. Introduction of α-carbonyl pyridine next to the tripyrrolic conjugated structure is a powerful strategy for regioselective metalation of flexible expanded porphyrinoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Mori
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8675, Japan
| | - Tomoki Yoneda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8675, Japan.,Current address: Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13 Nishi 8 Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Masaaki Suzuki
- Department of Material Sciences, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Shimane University, Matsue, Shimane, 690-8504, Japan
| | - Tyuji Hoshino
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8675, Japan
| | - Saburo Neya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8675, Japan
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36
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Peeks MD, Jirasek M, Claridge TDW, Anderson HL. Global Aromaticity and Antiaromaticity in Porphyrin Nanoring Anions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:15717-15720. [PMID: 31397538 PMCID: PMC6856819 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201909032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Doping, through oxidation or reduction, is often used to modify the properties of π-conjugated oligomers. In most cases, the resulting charge distribution is difficult to determine. If the oligomer is cyclic and doping establishes global aromaticity or antiaromaticity, then it is certain that the charge is fully delocalized over the entire perimeter of the ring. Herein we show that reduction of a six-porphyrin nanoring using decamethylcobaltocene results in global aromaticity (in the 6- state; [90 π]) and antiaromaticity (in the 4- state; [88 π]), consistent with the Hückel rules. Aromaticity is assigned by NMR spectroscopy and density-functional theory calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin D. Peeks
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordChemistry Research LaboratoryOxfordOX1 3TAUK
- School of ChemistryUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNSW2052Australia
| | - Michael Jirasek
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordChemistry Research LaboratoryOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | | | - Harry L. Anderson
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordChemistry Research LaboratoryOxfordOX1 3TAUK
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37
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Chitranshi S, Adinarayana B, Das M, Cha WY, Kim D, Srinivasan A. Bis-4,4'-biphenyl Ring Embedded Octaphyrin with Three Distinct Conformational Structures. Chemistry 2019; 25:12911-12915. [PMID: 31410896 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Three distinct conformational structures of carbaoctaphyrins were prepared by incorporating bis-4,4'-biphenyl units in the macrocyclic core. The free-base form adopts a figure-eight conformation, whereas the protonation triggers a conformational change with a pyrrole ring inversion and acquires an open-framework structure. The insertion of bis-RhI metal ion in the macrocyclic core affords a singly twisted conformational structure. Furthermore, the local aromaticity in the bis-4,4'-biphenyl ring dominates the overall macrocyclic aromaticity in all three forms, and thus adopts nonaromatic characteristics. These results are supported by spectral as well as theoretical studies, and they are unambiguously confirmed by X-ray crystal analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangya Chitranshi
- National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), HBNI, Bhubaneswar, 752050, Odisha, India
| | - B Adinarayana
- National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), HBNI, Bhubaneswar, 752050, Odisha, India
| | - Mainak Das
- National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), HBNI, Bhubaneswar, 752050, Odisha, India
| | - Won-Young Cha
- Department of Chemistry and Spectroscopy Laboratory for, Functional π-Electronic Systems, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Dongho Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Spectroscopy Laboratory for, Functional π-Electronic Systems, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - A Srinivasan
- National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), HBNI, Bhubaneswar, 752050, Odisha, India
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38
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Peeks MD, Jirasek M, Claridge TDW, Anderson HL. Global Aromaticity and Antiaromaticity in Porphyrin Nanoring Anions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201909032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin D. Peeks
- Department of Chemistry University of Oxford Chemistry Research Laboratory Oxford OX1 3TA UK
- School of Chemistry University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Michael Jirasek
- Department of Chemistry University of Oxford Chemistry Research Laboratory Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Timothy D. W. Claridge
- Department of Chemistry University of Oxford Chemistry Research Laboratory Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Harry L. Anderson
- Department of Chemistry University of Oxford Chemistry Research Laboratory Oxford OX1 3TA UK
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39
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Xue S, Kuzuhara D, Aratani N, Yamada H. Control of Aromaticity and
cis
‐/
trans
‐Isomeric Structure of Non‐Planar Hexaphyrin(2.1.2.1.2.1) and Metal Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201906946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Songlin Xue
- Graduate School of Science and TechnologyNara Institute of Science and Technology 8916-5 Takayama-cho Ikoma Nara 630-0192 Japan
| | - Daiki Kuzuhara
- Faculty of Science and EngineeringIwate University 4-3-5 Ueda Morioka Iwate 020-8551 Japan
| | - Naoki Aratani
- Graduate School of Science and TechnologyNara Institute of Science and Technology 8916-5 Takayama-cho Ikoma Nara 630-0192 Japan
| | - Hiroko Yamada
- Graduate School of Science and TechnologyNara Institute of Science and Technology 8916-5 Takayama-cho Ikoma Nara 630-0192 Japan
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40
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Xue S, Kuzuhara D, Aratani N, Yamada H. Control of Aromaticity and cis-/trans-Isomeric Structure of Non-Planar Hexaphyrin(2.1.2.1.2.1) and Metal Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:12524-12528. [PMID: 31287217 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201906946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Vinylene-bridged hexaphyrin(2.1.2.1.2.1) was synthesized from dipyrrolyl diphenylethenes by acid-catalyzed condensation reactions. Freebase hexaphyrin(2.1.2.1.2.1) forms a distorted structure with non-aromatic characteristics. The aromaticity and molecular configuration of non-planar hexaphyrin(2.1.2.1.2.1) can be controlled by insertion of metal ions. Freebase and zinc complexes show a distorted structure without macrocyclic aromaticity, whereas copper complexes show a figure-of-eight structure with macrocyclic aromaticity. It is the first example of aromaticity conversion of a distorted expanded porphyrin involving vinylene bridges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songlin Xue
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Daiki Kuzuhara
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Iwate University, 4-3-5 Ueda, Morioka, Iwate, 020-8551, Japan
| | - Naoki Aratani
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Hiroko Yamada
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
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41
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Klingenburg R, Stark CBW, Wiehe A. Nucleophilic Thioglycosylation of Pentafluorophenyl-Substituted Porphyrinoids: Synthesis of Glycosylated Calix[ n]phyrin and [28]Hexaphyrin Systems. Org Lett 2019; 21:5417-5420. [PMID: 31268337 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The use of carbohydrate thiolates for facile, high-yielding, regio- and stereoselective nucleophilic substitution reactions of complex pentafluorophenyl-substituted porphyrinoids is reported. The title reaction has successfully been applied to calix[4]phyrin, calix[6]phyrin, and [28]hexaphyrin substrates. The novel glycoporphyrinoid products with their extraordinary structures and unique photophysical properties are soluble in aqueous solutions and can serve as platforms for applications in biomedicine, catalysis, coordination, or redox chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Klingenburg
- Fachbereich Chemie, Institut für Organische Chemie , Universität Hamburg , Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6 , 20146 Hamburg , Germany.,biolitec Research GmbH , Otto-Schott-Strasse 15 , 07745 Jena , Germany
| | - Christian B W Stark
- Fachbereich Chemie, Institut für Organische Chemie , Universität Hamburg , Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6 , 20146 Hamburg , Germany
| | - Arno Wiehe
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie , Freie Universität Berlin , Takustrasse 3 , 14195 Berlin , Germany.,biolitec Research GmbH , Otto-Schott-Strasse 15 , 07745 Jena , Germany
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42
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Ruthenium(II)‐Chitosan, an Enantioselective Catalyst for the Transfer Hydrogenation of
N
‐Heterocyclic Ketones. ChemCatChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201900363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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43
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Nakai A, Ishida S, Soya T, Osuka A. π‐Ruthenium Complexes of Hexaphyrins(1.1.1.1.1.1): A Triple‐Decker Complex Bearing Two Ruthenoarene Units. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:8197-8200. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201903212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akito Nakai
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Shin‐ichiro Ishida
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Takanori Soya
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Osuka
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
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44
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Nakai A, Ishida S, Soya T, Osuka A. π‐Ruthenium Complexes of Hexaphyrins(1.1.1.1.1.1): A Triple‐Decker Complex Bearing Two Ruthenoarene Units. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201903212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akito Nakai
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Shin‐ichiro Ishida
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Takanori Soya
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Osuka
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
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45
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Li Q, Ishida M, Kai H, Gu T, Li C, Li X, Baryshnikov G, Liang X, Zhu W, Ågren H, Furuta H, Xie Y. Skeletal Rearrangement of Twisted Thia‐Norhexaphyrin: Multiply Annulated Polypyrrolic Aromatic Macrocycles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201900010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qizhao Li
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringFeringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research CenterSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science & Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
| | - Masatoshi Ishida
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryGraduate School of Engineering and Center for Molecular SystemsKyushu University Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Hiroto Kai
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryGraduate School of Engineering and Center for Molecular SystemsKyushu University Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Tingting Gu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringJiangsu University Zhenjiang 212013 P. R. China
| | - Chengjie Li
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringFeringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research CenterSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science & Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry and BiologySchool of BiotechnologyKTH Royal Institute of Technology 10691 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Glib Baryshnikov
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry and BiologySchool of BiotechnologyKTH Royal Institute of Technology 10691 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Xu Liang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringJiangsu University Zhenjiang 212013 P. R. China
| | - Weihua Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringJiangsu University Zhenjiang 212013 P. R. China
| | - Hans Ågren
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry and BiologySchool of BiotechnologyKTH Royal Institute of Technology 10691 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Hiroyuki Furuta
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryGraduate School of Engineering and Center for Molecular SystemsKyushu University Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Yongshu Xie
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringFeringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research CenterSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science & Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
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46
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Chen F, Kim J, Matsuo Y, Hong Y, Kim D, Tanaka T, Osuka A. ortho
‐Phenylene‐Bridged Hybrid Nanorings of 2,5‐Pyrrolylenes and 2,5‐Thienylenes. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201900168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fengkun Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of ScienceKyoto University Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Jinseok Kim
- Spectroscopy Laboratory for Functional p-Electronic Systems and Department of ChemistryYonsei University50, Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722 Korea
| | - Yusuke Matsuo
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of ScienceKyoto University Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Yongseok Hong
- Spectroscopy Laboratory for Functional p-Electronic Systems and Department of ChemistryYonsei University50, Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722 Korea
| | - Dongho Kim
- Spectroscopy Laboratory for Functional p-Electronic Systems and Department of ChemistryYonsei University50, Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722 Korea
| | - Takayuki Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of ScienceKyoto University Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Osuka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of ScienceKyoto University Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
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47
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Soya T, Osuka A. Internally Bridged Hückel Aromatic [46]Decaphyrins: (Doubly‐Twisted‐Annuleno)Doubly‐Twisted‐Annulene Variants. Chemistry 2019; 25:5173-5176. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201900819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takanori Soya
- Department of ChemistryGraduate School of ScienceKyoto University Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Osuka
- Department of ChemistryGraduate School of ScienceKyoto University Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
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48
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Nakai A, Kim J, Kim D, Osuka A. 5,20-Bis(ethoxycarbonyl)-Substituted Antiaromatic [28]Hexaphyrin and Its Bis-Ni II and Bis-Cu II Complexes. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:968-971. [PMID: 30793503 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201900189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
5,20-Bis(ethoxycarbonyl)-[28]hexaphyrin was synthesized by acid catalyzed cross-condensation of meso-diaryl-substituted tripyrrane and ethyl 2-oxoacetate followed by subsequent oxidation. This hexaphyrin was found to be a stable 28π-antiaromatic compound with a dumbbell-like conformation. Upon oxidization with PbO2 , this [28]hexaphyrin was converted into an aromatic [26]hexaphyrin with a rectangular shape bearing two ester groups at the edge side. The [28]hexaphyrin can incorporate two NiII or CuII metals by using the ester carbonyl groups and three pyrrolic nitrogen atoms to give bis-NiII and bis-CuII complexes with essentially the same dumbbell-like structure. The antiaromatic properties of the [28]hexaphyrin and its metal complexes have been well characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akito Nakai
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Jinseok Kim
- Spectroscopy Laboratory for Functional π-Electronic Systems and Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, 120-749, Korea
| | - Dongho Kim
- Spectroscopy Laboratory for Functional π-Electronic Systems and Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, 120-749, Korea
| | - Atsuhiro Osuka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
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49
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Li Q, Ishida M, Kai H, Gu T, Li C, Li X, Baryshnikov G, Liang X, Zhu W, Ågren H, Furuta H, Xie Y. Skeletal Rearrangement of Twisted Thia-Norhexaphyrin: Multiply Annulated Polypyrrolic Aromatic Macrocycles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:5925-5929. [PMID: 30843636 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201900010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A hybrid thia-norhexaphyrin comprising a directly linked N-confused pyrrole and thiophene unit (1) revealed unique macrocycle transformations to afford multiply inner-annulated aromatic macrocycles. Oxidation with 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone triggered a cleavage of the C-S bond of the thiophene unit, accompanied with skeletal rearrangement to afford unique π-conjugated products: a thiopyrrolo-pentaphyrin embedded with a pyrrolo[1,2]isothiazole (2), a sulfur-free pentaphyrin incorporating an indolizine moiety (3), and a thiopyranyltriphyrinoid containing a 2H-thiopyran unit (4). Furthermore, 2 underwent desulfurization reactions to afford a fused pentaphyrin containing a pyrrolizine moiety (5) under mild conditions. Using expanded porphyrin scaffolds, oxidative thiophene cleavage and desulfurization of the hitherto unknown N-confused core-modified macrocycles would be a practical approach for developing unique polypyrrolic aromatic macrocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qizhao Li
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Masatoshi Ishida
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering and Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Hiroto Kai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering and Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Tingting Gu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, P. R. China
| | - Chengjie Li
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Glib Baryshnikov
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xu Liang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, P. R. China
| | - Weihua Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, P. R. China
| | - Hans Ågren
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hiroyuki Furuta
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering and Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yongshu Xie
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
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50
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Adinarayana B, Das M, Suresh CH, Srinivasan A. Homocarbaporphyrinoids: The m-o-m and p-o-p Terphenyl Embedded Expanded Porphyrin Analogues and Their Rh I Complexes. Chemistry 2019; 25:4683-4687. [PMID: 30715756 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201900495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Stable homocarbaporphyrinoids were successfully synthesized by incorporating the m-o-m and p-o-p terphenyl units into the porphyrin core. The distinct bonding modes of terphenyl in the macrocycle generated two structural isomers with two and four carbon atoms in the macrocyclic environment. The core was utilized to stabilize the RhI ion. The spectral and structural analyses revealed that the restricted (m-o-m) and allowed (p-o-p) conjugation in the macrocyclic core provide overall non-aromatic characteristics both to the free bases and their complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Adinarayana
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), HBNI, Bhubaneswar, 752050, Odisha, India
| | - Mainak Das
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), HBNI, Bhubaneswar, 752050, Odisha, India
| | - Cherumuttathu H Suresh
- Inorganic & Theoretical Chemistry Section, Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Trivandrum, 695019, Kerala, India
| | - A Srinivasan
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), HBNI, Bhubaneswar, 752050, Odisha, India
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