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Cao Y, Gabrielli L, Frezzato D, Prins LJ. Persistent ATP-Concentration Gradients in a Hydrogel Sustained by Chemical Fuel Consumption. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202215421. [PMID: 36420591 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202215421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We show the formation of macroscopic ATP-concentrations in an agarose gel and demonstrate that these gradients can be sustained in time at the expense of the consumption of a chemical fuel. The approach relies on the spatially controlled activation of ATP-producing and ATP-consuming reactions through the local injection of enzymes in the matrix. The reaction-diffusion system is maintained in a stationary non-equilibrium state as long as chemical fuel, phosphocreatine, is present. The reaction-diffusion system is coupled to a supramolecular system composed of monolayer protected gold nanoparticles and a fluorescent probe. As a result of this coupling, fluorescence signals emerge spontaneously in response to the ATP-concentration gradients. We show that the approach permits the rational formation of complex fluorescence patterns that change over time as a function of the evolution of the ATP-concentrations present in the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjuan Cao
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Luca Gabrielli
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Diego Frezzato
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Leonard J Prins
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
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2
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Zhou Q, Yang H, Chen X, Xu Y, Han D, Zhou S, Liu S, Shen Y, Zhang Y. Cascaded Nanozyme System with High Reaction Selectivity by Substrate Screening and Channeling in a Microfluidic Device**. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202112453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhou
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Medical School Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China
- College of Chemistry and Material Science Shandong Agricultural University Taian 271018 Shandong China
| | - Hong Yang
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Medical School Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China
| | - Xinghua Chen
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Medical School Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China
| | - Yuan Xu
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Medical School Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China
| | - Dan Han
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Medical School Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China
| | - Sisi Zhou
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Medical School Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China
| | - Songqin Liu
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Medical School Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China
| | - Yanfei Shen
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Medical School Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China
| | - Yuanjian Zhang
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Medical School Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China
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Zhou Q, Yang H, Chen X, Xu Y, Han D, Zhou S, Liu S, Shen Y, Zhang Y. Cascaded Nanozyme System with High Reaction Selectivity by Substrate Screening and Channeling in a Microfluidic Device. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202112453. [PMID: 34750950 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202112453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Surpassing natural enzymes in cost, stability and mass production, nanozymes have attracted wide attention in fields from disease diagnosis to tumor therapy. However, nanozymes intrinsically have low reaction selectivity, which significantly restricts their applications. A general method is reported to address this challenge by following a biomimetic operation principle of substrates channeling and screening. Two oxidase- and peroxidase-like nanozymes (i.e., emerging N-doped carbon nanocages and Prussian blue nanoparticles), were cascaded as a proof of concept to improve the reaction selectivity in transforming the substrate into the targeted product by more than 2000 times. The cascaded nanozymes were also adopted to a spatially confined microfluidic device, leading to more than 100-fold enhancement of the reaction efficiency due to signal amplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhou
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Xinghua Chen
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Yuan Xu
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Dan Han
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Sisi Zhou
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Songqin Liu
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Yanfei Shen
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Yuanjian Zhang
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
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Das K, Gabrielli L, Prins LJ. Chemically Fueled Self-Assembly in Biology and Chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:20120-20143. [PMID: 33704885 PMCID: PMC8453758 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202100274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Life is a non-equilibrium state of matter maintained at the expense of energy. Nature uses predominantly chemical energy stored in thermodynamically activated, but kinetically stable, molecules. These high-energy molecules are exploited for the synthesis of other biomolecules, for the activation of biological machinery such as pumps and motors, and for the maintenance of structural order. Knowledge of how chemical energy is transferred to biochemical processes is essential for the development of artificial systems with life-like processes. Here, we discuss how chemical energy can be used to control the structural organization of organic molecules. Four different strategies have been identified according to a distinguishable physical-organic basis. For each class, one example from biology and one from chemistry are discussed in detail to illustrate the practical implementation of each concept and the distinct opportunities they offer. Specific attention is paid to the discussion of chemically fueled non-equilibrium self-assembly. We discuss the meaning of non-equilibrium self-assembly, its kinetic origin, and strategies to develop synthetic non-equilibrium systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnendu Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences|University of PadovaVia Marzolo 135131PadovaItaly
| | - Luca Gabrielli
- Department of Chemical Sciences|University of PadovaVia Marzolo 135131PadovaItaly
| | - Leonard J. Prins
- Department of Chemical Sciences|University of PadovaVia Marzolo 135131PadovaItaly
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5
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Das K, Gabrielli L, Prins LJ. Chemically Fueled Self‐Assembly in Biology and Chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202100274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Krishnendu Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Padova Via Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Luca Gabrielli
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Padova Via Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Leonard J. Prins
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Padova Via Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
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Chen JLY, Maiti S, Fortunati I, Ferrante C, Prins LJ. Temporal Control over Transient Chemical Systems using Structurally Diverse Chemical Fuels. Chemistry 2017; 23:11549-11559. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201701533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jack L.-Y. Chen
- School of Science; Auckland University of Technology; 34 St Paul St Auckland 1010 New Zealand
| | - Subhabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemical Sciences; University of Padova; Via Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Ilaria Fortunati
- Department of Chemical Sciences; University of Padova; Via Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Camilla Ferrante
- Department of Chemical Sciences; University of Padova; Via Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Leonard J. Prins
- Department of Chemical Sciences; University of Padova; Via Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
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Nowak P, Saggiomo V, Salehian F, Colomb-Delsuc M, Han Y, Otto S. Localized Template-Driven Functionalization of Nanoparticles by Dynamic Combinatorial Chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:4192-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201409667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Revised: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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8
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Nowak P, Saggiomo V, Salehian F, Colomb-Delsuc M, Han Y, Otto S. Localized Template-Driven Functionalization of Nanoparticles by Dynamic Combinatorial Chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201409667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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