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Li Y, Emge TJ, Moreno-Vicente A, Kopcha WP, Sun Y, Mansoor IF, Lipke MC, Hall GS, Poblet JM, Rodríguez-Fortea A, Zhang J. Unexpected Formation of Metallofulleroids from Multicomponent Reactions, with Crystallographic and Computational Studies of the Cluster Motion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:25269-25273. [PMID: 34559455 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202110881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
New multicomponent reactions involving an isocyanide, terminal or internal alkynes, and endohedral metallofullerene (EMF) Lu3 N@C80 yield metallofulleroids which are characterized by mass-spectrometry, HPLC, and multiple 1D and 2D NMR techniques. Single crystal studies revealed one ketenimine metallofulleroid has ordered Lu3 N cluster which is unusual for EMF monoadducts. Computational analysis, based on crystallographic data, confirm that the endohedral cluster motion is controlled by the position of the exohedral organic appendants. Our findings provide a new functionalization reaction for EMFs, and a potential facile approach to freeze the endohedral cluster motion at relatively high temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbang Li
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Rd, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Thomas J Emge
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Rd, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Antonio Moreno-Vicente
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Marcel⋅lí Domingo 1, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - William P Kopcha
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Rd, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Yue Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Rd, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Iram F Mansoor
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Rd, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Mark C Lipke
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Rd, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Gene S Hall
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Rd, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Josep M Poblet
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Marcel⋅lí Domingo 1, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Antonio Rodríguez-Fortea
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Marcel⋅lí Domingo 1, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Jianyuan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Rd, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
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2
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Li Y, Emge TJ, Moreno‐Vicente A, Kopcha WP, Sun Y, Mansoor IF, Lipke MC, Hall GS, Poblet JM, Rodríguez‐Fortea A, Zhang J. Unexpected Formation of Metallofulleroids from Multicomponent Reactions, with Crystallographic and Computational Studies of the Cluster Motion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202110881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanbang Li
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey 123 Bevier Rd Piscataway NJ 08854 USA
| | - Thomas J. Emge
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey 123 Bevier Rd Piscataway NJ 08854 USA
| | - Antonio Moreno‐Vicente
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica Universitat Rovira i Virgili Marcel⋅lí Domingo 1 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - William P. Kopcha
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey 123 Bevier Rd Piscataway NJ 08854 USA
| | - Yue Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey 123 Bevier Rd Piscataway NJ 08854 USA
| | - Iram F. Mansoor
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey 123 Bevier Rd Piscataway NJ 08854 USA
| | - Mark C. Lipke
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey 123 Bevier Rd Piscataway NJ 08854 USA
| | - Gene S. Hall
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey 123 Bevier Rd Piscataway NJ 08854 USA
| | - Josep M. Poblet
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica Universitat Rovira i Virgili Marcel⋅lí Domingo 1 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Antonio Rodríguez‐Fortea
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica Universitat Rovira i Virgili Marcel⋅lí Domingo 1 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Jianyuan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey 123 Bevier Rd Piscataway NJ 08854 USA
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Hashikawa Y, Li H, Murata Y. Reactions of C 60 with Pyridazine and Phthalazine. Chemistry 2021; 27:7507-7511. [PMID: 33797148 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Cage-opened bisfulleroids are one of suitable building blocks for making a large hole on fullerenes. This work focuses on the Diels-Alder reaction of C60 with azines, among synthetic methods developed thus far, to provide bisfulleroids. Surprisingly, the computational study predicted that the reaction proceeds with normal electron demand in contrast to hitherto considered inverse-electron-demand pathway. The benzoannulation to the pyridazine ring, i. e., phthalazine, resulted in the remarkably shortened reaction time due to the better interaction between the HOMO of phthalazine and the LUMO of C60 as well as stronger 2,3-diaza-1,3-butadiene character in the phthalazine as confirmed crystallographically. Contrary to expectations, the benzobisfulleroid was converted into corresponding orifice-enlarged derivative via the photooxygenation slightly faster than the fulleroid derived from pyridazine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshifumi Hashikawa
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Hui Li
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yasujiro Murata
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
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4
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Chen M, Guan R, Li B, Yang L, Niu C, Jin P, Wang G, Yang S. Anomalous
Cis
‐Conformation Regioselectivity of Heterocycle‐Fused Sc
3
N@
D
3
h
‐C
78
Derivatives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202016432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Muqing Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Materials Science and Engineering Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Runnan Guan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Materials Science and Engineering Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Bo Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Hebei University of Technology Tianjin 300130 China
| | - Le Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Hebei University of Technology Tianjin 300130 China
| | - Chuang Niu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, and Department of Chemistry University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Peng Jin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Hebei University of Technology Tianjin 300130 China
| | - Guan‐Wu Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, and Department of Chemistry University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Shangfeng Yang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Materials Science and Engineering Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
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Chen M, Guan R, Li B, Yang L, Niu C, Jin P, Wang GW, Yang S. Anomalous Cis-Conformation Regioselectivity of Heterocycle-Fused Sc 3 N@D 3h -C 78 Derivatives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:7880-7886. [PMID: 33373072 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202016432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Endohedral clusterfullerenes exhibit unique chemical properties due to intramolecular electron transfer of the encaged metal cluster to the outer fullerene cages. We report the synthesis of two Sc3 N@D3h -C78 monoadducts 2 a and 2 b through the 1,3-dipolar reaction of Sc3 N@D3h -C78 with carbonyl ylide bearing anomalous cis-conformation regioselectivity. The molecular structures of these monoadducts are unambiguously confirmed by single-crystal X-ray crystallography, revealing that both 2 a and 2 b have cis-conformations with the furan moiety grafted via [6,6]-closed addition patterns. Under the same conditions, the control reaction of C60 with carbonyl ylide affords two monoadducts 3 a and 3 b, which exhibit cis- and trans-conformations, respectively, with [6,6]-closed addition patterns. According to theoretical calculations, the exclusive formation of the cis-only Sc3 N@D3h -C78 monoadducts is a consequence of conjunct effects of thermodynamic stability of adducts, the reactivity of the addition site, and the cis-dipole intermediate from trans 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muqing Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Runnan Guan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Bo Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China
| | - Le Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China
| | - Chuang Niu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Peng Jin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China
| | - Guan-Wu Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Shangfeng Yang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
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6
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Yamada M, Abe T, Saito C, Yamazaki T, Sato S, Mizorogi N, Slanina Z, Uhlík F, Suzuki M, Maeda Y, Lian Y, Lu X, Olmstead MM, Balch AL, Nagase S, Akasaka T. Adamantylidene Addition to M 3 N@I h -C 80 (M=Sc, Lu) and Sc 3 N@D 5h -C 80 : Synthesis and Crystallographic Characterization of the [5,6]-Open and [6,6]-Open Adducts. Chemistry 2017; 23:6552-6561. [PMID: 28145046 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Additions of adamantylidene (Ad) to M3 N@Ih -C80 (M=Sc, Lu) and Sc3 N@D5h -C80 have been accomplished by photochemical reactions with 2-adamantyl-2,3'-[3H]-diazirine (1). In M3 N@Ih -C80 , the addition led to rupture of the [6,6]- or [5,6]-bonds of the Ih -C80 cage, forming the [6,6]-open fulleroid as the major isomer and the [5,6]-open fulleroid as the minor isomer. In Sc3 N@D5h -C80 , the addition also proceeded regioselectively to yield three major isomeric Ad mono-adducts, despite the fact that there are nine types of C-C bonds in the D5h -C80 cage. The molecular structures of the seven Ad mono-adducts, including the positions of the encaged trimetallic nitride clusters, have been unambiguously determined through single-crystal XRD analyses. Furthermore, results have shown that stepwise addition of Ad to Lu3 N@Ih -C80 affords several Ad bis-adducts, two of which have been isolated and characterized. The X-ray structure of one bis-adduct clearly revealed that the second Ad addition took place at a [6,6]-bond close to an endohedral metal atom. Theoretical calculations have also been performed to rationalize the regioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michio Yamada
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Gakugei University, Tokyo, 184-8501, Japan
| | - Tsuneyuki Abe
- Life Science Center of Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan
| | - Chiharu Saito
- Life Science Center of Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan
| | - Toshiki Yamazaki
- Life Science Center of Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan
| | - Satoru Sato
- Life Science Center of Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan
| | - Naomi Mizorogi
- Life Science Center of Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan
| | - Zdenek Slanina
- Life Science Center of Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung-Cheng University, Chia-Yi, 62117, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Filip Uhlík
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Charles University in Prague, 128 43, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Mitsuaki Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Gakugei University, Tokyo, 184-8501, Japan.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Josai University, Saitama, 350-0295, Japan
| | - Yutaka Maeda
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Gakugei University, Tokyo, 184-8501, Japan
| | - Yongfu Lian
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, P.R. China
| | - Xing Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die and Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P.R. China
| | - Marilyn M Olmstead
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California, 95616, USA
| | - Alan L Balch
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California, 95616, USA
| | - Shigeru Nagase
- Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8103, Japan
| | - Takeshi Akasaka
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Gakugei University, Tokyo, 184-8501, Japan.,Life Science Center of Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan.,State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die and Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P.R. China.,Foundation for Advancement of International Science, Ibaraki, 305-0821, Japan
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7
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Yamada M, Muto Y, Kurihara H, Slanina Z, Suzuki M, Maeda Y, Rubin Y, Olmstead MM, Balch AL, Nagase S, Lu X, Akasaka T. Regioselective cage opening of La2 @D2 (10611)-C72 with 5,6-diphenyl-3-(2-pyridyl)-1,2,4-triazine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 54:2232-5. [PMID: 25536953 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201410012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2014] [Revised: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The thermal reaction of the endohedral metallofullerene La2 @D2 (10611)-C72 , which contains two pentalene units at opposite ends of the cage, with 5,6-diphenyl-3-(2-pyridyl)-1,2,4-triazine proceeded selectively to afford only two bisfulleroid isomers. The molecular structure of one isomer was determined using single-crystal X-ray crystallography. The results suggest that the [4+2] cycloaddition was initiated in a highly regioselective manner at the C-C bond connecting two pentagon rings of C72 . Subsequent intramolecular electrocyclization followed by cycloreversion resulted in the formation of an open-cage derivative having three seven-membered ring orifices on the cage and a significantly elongated cage geometry. The reduction potentials of the open-cage derivatives were similar to those of La2 @D2 -C72 whereas the oxidation potentials were shifted more negative than those of La2 @D2 -C72 . These results point out that further oxidation could occur easily in the derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michio Yamada
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Gakugei University, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8501 (Japan)
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Yamada M, Muto Y, Kurihara H, Slanina Z, Suzuki M, Maeda Y, Rubin Y, Olmstead MM, Balch AL, Nagase S, Lu X, Akasaka T. Regioselective Cage Opening of La2@D2(10611)-C72with 5,6-Diphenyl-3-(2-pyridyl)-1,2,4-triazine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201410012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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9
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Fan J, Fang G, Zeng F, Wang X, Wu S. Water-dispersible fullerene aggregates as a targeted anticancer prodrug with both chemo- and photodynamic therapeutic actions. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2013; 9:613-621. [PMID: 23117954 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201201456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2012] [Revised: 07/18/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Prodrug therapy is one strategy to deliver anticancer drugs in a less reactive manner to reduce nonspecific cytotoxicity. A new multifunctional anticancer prodrug system based on water-dispersible fullerene (C60) aggregates is introduced; this prodrug system demonstrates active targeting, pH-responsive chemotherapy, and photodynamic therapeutic (PDT) properties. Incorporating (via a cleavable bond) an anticancer drug, which is doxorubicin (DOX) in this study, and a targeting ligand (folic acid) onto fullerene while maintaining an overall size of approximately 135 nm produces a more specific anticancer prodrug. This prodrug can enter folate receptor (FR)-positive cancer cells and kill the cells via intracellular release of the active drug form. Moreover, the fullerene aggregate carrier exhibits PDT action; the cytotoxicity of the system towards FR-positive cancer cells is increased in response to light irradiation. As the DOX drug molecules are conjugated onto fullerene, the DOX fluorescence is significantly quenched by the strong electron-accepting capability of fullerene. The fluorescence restores upon release from fullerene, so this fluorescence quenching-restoring feature can be used to track intracellular DOX release. The combined effect of chemotherapy and PDT increases the therapeutic efficacy of the DOX-fullerene aggregate prodrug. This study provides useful insights into designing and improving the applicability of fullerene for other targeted cancer prodrug systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianquan Fan
- College of Materials Science & Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent, Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
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