Spectroscopic Evidence for the Unusual Stereochemical Configuration of an Endosome-Specific Lipid

A54145 Factor D Is Not Less Susceptible to Inhibition by Lung Surfactant than Daptomycin

A54145 factor D (A5D) is a cyclic lipopeptide antibiotic that shares several structural and mechanistic features with the clinically important antibiotic daptomycin, such as their requirement for calcium and phosphatidylglycerol (PG) for activity. Studies by others have suggested that daptomycin's activity is strongly inhibited by lung surfactant while A5D's activity is not. This finding has inspired efforts, albeit unsuccessful, to develop an A5D analogue that is highly active in the presence of lung surfactant and can be used for treating community acquired pneumonia (CAP). Here we demonstrate that A5D, like daptomycin, has a strong preference for the 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-1'-sn-glycerol stereoisomer (2R,2'S configuration) of PG. This PG stereoisomer was determined to be the only stereoisomer of PG in lung surfactant. Both antibiotics are completely antagonized by approximately 1-2 mol equiv of 2R,2'S-PG. Studies performed in the presence of lung surfactant revealed that the antagonism of these peptides by surfactant is mainly due to their interaction with PG and that A5D is not significantly less susceptible to inhibition by lung surfactant than daptomycin.