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Cerreia Vioglio P, Catalano L, Vasylyeva V, Nervi C, Chierotti MR, Resnati G, Gobetto R, Metrangolo P. Natural Abundance 15 N and 13 C Solid-State NMR Chemical Shifts: High Sensitivity Probes of the Halogen Bond Geometry. Chemistry 2016; 22:16819-16828. [PMID: 27709719 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201603392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (SSNMR) spectroscopy is a versatile characterization technique that can provide a plethora of information complementary to single crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD) analysis. Herein, we present an experimental and computational investigation of the relationship between the geometry of a halogen bond (XB) and the SSNMR chemical shifts of the non-quadrupolar nuclei either directly involved in the interaction (15 N) or covalently bonded to the halogen atom (13 C). We have prepared two series of X-bonded co-crystals based upon two different dipyridyl modules, and several halobenzenes and diiodoalkanes, as XB-donors. SCXRD structures of three novel co-crystals between 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethane, and 1,4-diiodobenzene, 1,6-diiodododecafluorohexane, and 1,8-diiodohexadecafluorooctane were obtained. For the first time, the change in the 15 N SSNMR chemical shifts upon XB formation is shown to experimentally correlate with the normalized distance parameter of the XB. The same overall trend is confirmed by density functional theory (DFT) calculations of the chemical shifts. 13 C NQS experiments show a positive, linear correlation between the chemical shifts and the C-I elongation, which is an indirect probe of the strength of the XB. These correlations can be of general utility to estimate the strength of the XB occurring in diverse adducts by using affordable SSNMR analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Cerreia Vioglio
- Department of Chemistry and NIS centre, University of Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Luca Catalano
- NFMLab-D.C.M.I.C. "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131, Milano, Italy
| | - Vera Vasylyeva
- NFMLab-D.C.M.I.C. "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131, Milano, Italy
| | - Carlo Nervi
- Department of Chemistry and NIS centre, University of Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Michele R Chierotti
- Department of Chemistry and NIS centre, University of Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Resnati
- NFMLab-D.C.M.I.C. "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131, Milano, Italy
| | - Roberto Gobetto
- Department of Chemistry and NIS centre, University of Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Pierangelo Metrangolo
- NFMLab-D.C.M.I.C. "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131, Milano, Italy.,VTT-Technical Research Centre of Finland, Biologinkuja 7, 02150, Espoo, Finland
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Faucher A, Terskikh VV, Wasylishen RE. Spin-Spin Coupling between Quadrupolar Nuclei in Solids: (11)B-(75)As Spin Pairs in Lewis Acid-Base Adducts. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:6949-60. [PMID: 26075575 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b04163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Solid-state (11)B NMR measurements of Lewis acid-base adducts of the form R3AsBR'3 (R = Me, Et, Ph; R' = H, Ph, C6F5) were carried out at several magnetic field strengths (e.g., B0 = 21.14, 11.75, and 7.05 T). The (11)B NMR spectra of these adducts exhibit residual dipolar coupling under MAS conditions, allowing for the determination of effective dipolar coupling constants, Reff((75)As,(11)B), as well as the sign of the (75)As nuclear quadrupolar coupling constants. Values of Reff((75)As,(11)B) range from 500 to 700 Hz. Small isotropic J-couplings are resolved in some cases, and the sign of (1)J((75)As,(11)B) is determined. Values of CQ((75)As) measured at B0 = 21.14 T for these triarylborane Lewis acid-base adducts range from -82 ± 2 MHz for Et3AsB(C6F5)3 to -146 ± 1 MHz for Ph3AsBPh3. For Ph3AsBH3, two crystallographically nonequivalent sites are identified with CQ((75)As) values of -153 and -151 ± 1 MHz. For the uncoordinated Lewis base, Ph3As, four (75)As sites with CQ((75)As) values ranging from 193.5 to 194.4 ± 2 MHz are identified. At these applied magnetic field strengths, the (75)As quadrupolar interaction does not satisfy high-field approximation criteria, and thus, an exact treatment was used to describe this interaction in (11)B and (75)As NMR spectral simulations. NMR parameters calculated using the ADF and CASTEP program packages support the experimentally derived parameters in both magnitude and sign. These experiments add to the limited body of literature on solid-state (75)As NMR spectroscopy and serve as examples of spin-spin-coupled quadrupolar spin pairs, which are also rarely treated in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Faucher
- †Department of Chemistry, Gunning-Lemieux Chemistry Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Victor V Terskikh
- ‡Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Roderick E Wasylishen
- †Department of Chemistry, Gunning-Lemieux Chemistry Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2G2
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Johnston KE, O'Keefe CA, Gauvin RM, Trébosc J, Delevoye L, Amoureux JP, Popoff N, Taoufik M, Oudatchin K, Schurko RW. A Study of Transition-Metal Organometallic Complexes Combining35Cl Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy and35Cl NQR Spectroscopy and First-Principles DFT Calculations. Chemistry 2013; 19:12396-414. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201301268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Widdifield CM, Cavallo G, Facey GA, Pilati T, Lin J, Metrangolo P, Resnati G, Bryce DL. Multinuclear Solid-State Magnetic Resonance as a Sensitive Probe of Structural Changes upon the Occurrence of Halogen Bonding in Co-crystals. Chemistry 2013; 19:11949-62. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201300809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2013] [Revised: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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