1
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Orr SA, Andrews PC, Blair VL. Main Group Metal-Mediated Transformations of Imines. Chemistry 2021; 27:2569-2588. [PMID: 32761667 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Main-group-metal-mediated transformations of imines have earned a valued place in the synthetic chemist's toolbox. Their versatility allows the simple preparation of various nitrogen containing compounds. This review will outline the early discoveries including metallation, addition/cyclisation and metathesis pathways, followed by the modern-day use of imines in synthetic methodology. Recent advances in imine C-F activation protocols are discussed, alongside revisiting "classic" imine reactivity from a sustainable perspective. Developments in catalytic methods for hydroelementation of imines have been reviewed, highlighting the importance of s-block metals in the catalytic arena. Whilst stoichiometric transformations in alternative reaction media such as deep eutectic solvents or water have been summarised. The incorporation of imines into flow chemistry has received recent attention and is summarised within.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha A Orr
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Philip C Andrews
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Victoria L Blair
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
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2
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Guérin T, Pikun NV, Morioka R, Panossian A, Hanquet G, Leroux FR. Synthesis and Use of Trifluoromethylthiolated Ketenimines. Chemistry 2020; 26:14852-14855. [PMID: 32501592 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of trifluoromethylthiolated ketenimines is herein described. They are easily synthesized from the corresponding α-trifluoromethylthiolated oximes upon activation with triflic anhydride and a base. The presumed nitrilium ion resulting from the Beckmann rearrangement is deprotonated to lead to the key intermediate, whose stability brought by the fluorinated substituent was unforeseeable. The reaction of these new building blocks with a variety of nucleophiles affords a vast array of cyclic and acyclic products bearing the valuable SCF3 moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Guérin
- Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, UMR 7042-LIMA, ECPM, 25 Rue Becquerel, Strasbourg, 67087, France
| | - Nadiia V Pikun
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles Str. 21, Riga, 1006, Latvia
| | - Ryutaro Morioka
- Division of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8571, Japan
| | - Armen Panossian
- Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, UMR 7042-LIMA, ECPM, 25 Rue Becquerel, Strasbourg, 67087, France
| | - Gilles Hanquet
- Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, UMR 7042-LIMA, ECPM, 25 Rue Becquerel, Strasbourg, 67087, France
| | - Frédéric R Leroux
- Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, UMR 7042-LIMA, ECPM, 25 Rue Becquerel, Strasbourg, 67087, France
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3
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Hale LVA, Sikes NM, Szymczak NK. Reductive C-C Coupling from α,β-Unsaturated Nitriles by Intercepting Keteniminates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:8531-8535. [PMID: 31016843 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201904530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We present an atom-economic strategy to catalytically generate and intercept nitrile anion equivalents using hydrogen transfer catalysis. Addition of α,β-unsaturated nitriles to a pincer-based Ru-H complex affords structurally characterized κ-N-coordinated keteniminates by selective 1,4-hydride transfer. When generated in situ under catalytic hydrogenation conditions, electrophilic addition to the keteniminate was achieved using anhydrides to provide α-cyanoacetates in high yields. This work represents a new application of hydrogen transfer catalysis using α,β-unsaturated nitriles for reductive C-C coupling reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lillian V A Hale
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - N Marianne Sikes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Nathaniel K Szymczak
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
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4
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Hale LVA, Sikes NM, Szymczak NK. Reductive C−C Coupling from α,β‐Unsaturated Nitriles by Intercepting Keteniminates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201904530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lillian V. A. Hale
- Department of Chemistry University of Michigan 930 N. University Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA
| | - N. Marianne Sikes
- Department of Chemistry University of Michigan 930 N. University Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA
| | - Nathaniel K. Szymczak
- Department of Chemistry University of Michigan 930 N. University Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA
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5
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Balaji PV, Brewitz L, Kumagai N, Shibasaki M. Achiral Trisubstituted Thioureas as Secondary Ligands to Cu
I
Catalysts: Direct Catalytic Asymmetric Addition of α‐Fluoronitriles to Imines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:2644-2648. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201812673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lennart Brewitz
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry(BIKAKEN) 3-14-23 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku Tokyo 141-0021 Japan
| | - Naoya Kumagai
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry(BIKAKEN) 3-14-23 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku Tokyo 141-0021 Japan
| | - Masakatsu Shibasaki
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry(BIKAKEN) 3-14-23 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku Tokyo 141-0021 Japan
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6
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Jach F, Höhn P, Prots Y, Ruck M. Sr
4
N[CN
2
][C
2
N]: The First Carbodiimide Acetonitriletriide. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201801242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Jach
- Max‐Planck‐Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids Nöthnitzer Str. 40 01187 Dresden Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry Technische Universität Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Peter Höhn
- Max‐Planck‐Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids Nöthnitzer Str. 40 01187 Dresden Germany
| | - Yurii Prots
- Max‐Planck‐Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids Nöthnitzer Str. 40 01187 Dresden Germany
| | - Michael Ruck
- Max‐Planck‐Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids Nöthnitzer Str. 40 01187 Dresden Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry Technische Universität Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
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7
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Balaji PV, Brewitz L, Kumagai N, Shibasaki M. Achiral Trisubstituted Thioureas as Secondary Ligands to Cu
I
Catalysts: Direct Catalytic Asymmetric Addition of α‐Fluoronitriles to Imines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201812673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lennart Brewitz
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN) 3-14-23 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku Tokyo 141-0021 Japan
| | - Naoya Kumagai
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN) 3-14-23 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku Tokyo 141-0021 Japan
| | - Masakatsu Shibasaki
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN) 3-14-23 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku Tokyo 141-0021 Japan
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8
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Asano N, Sasaki K, Chataigner I, Shigeno M, Kondo Y. Sodium Phenoxide Mediated Hydroxymethylation of Alkynylsilanes with N
-[(Trimethylsiloxy)methyl]phthalimide. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201701440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Narumi Asano
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science; Tohoku University; 6-3 Aoba 980-8578 Sendai Japan
| | - Keita Sasaki
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science; Tohoku University; 6-3 Aoba 980-8578 Sendai Japan
| | - Isabelle Chataigner
- Normandie Université; INSA Rouen; UNIROUEN; CNRS; COBRA laboratory (UMR 6014 & FR3038); 76000 Rouen France
| | - Masanori Shigeno
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science; Tohoku University; 6-3 Aoba 980-8578 Sendai Japan
| | - Yoshinori Kondo
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science; Tohoku University; 6-3 Aoba 980-8578 Sendai Japan
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9
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Zheng J, Lin L, Dai L, Tang Q, Liu X, Feng X. Nickel-Catalyzed Conjugate Addition of Silyl Ketene Imines to In Situ Generated Indol-2-ones: Highly Enantioselective Construction of Vicinal All-Carbon Quaternary Stereocenters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:13107-13111. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201705943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2017] [Revised: 07/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology; Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Lili Lin
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology; Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Li Dai
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology; Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Qiong Tang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology; Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology; Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Xiaoming Feng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology; Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610064 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering; Tianjin China
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10
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Zheng J, Lin L, Dai L, Tang Q, Liu X, Feng X. Nickel-Catalyzed Conjugate Addition of Silyl Ketene Imines to In Situ Generated Indol-2-ones: Highly Enantioselective Construction of Vicinal All-Carbon Quaternary Stereocenters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201705943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology; Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Lili Lin
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology; Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Li Dai
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology; Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Qiong Tang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology; Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology; Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Xiaoming Feng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology; Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610064 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering; Tianjin China
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11
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Zhao H, Xing Y, Lu P, Wang Y. Synthesis of 2,3-Disubstituted Quinolines via Ketenimine or Carbodiimide Intermediates. Chemistry 2016; 22:15144-15150. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201603074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongyang Zhao
- Department of Chemistry; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China
| | - Yanpeng Xing
- Department of Chemistry; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China
| | - Ping Lu
- Department of Chemistry; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China
| | - Yanguang Wang
- Department of Chemistry; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China
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12
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Reichart B, Guedes de la Cruz G, Zangger K, Kappe CO, Glasnov T. Copper/Nafion-Catalyzed Hydroarylation Process Involving Ketenimine Intermediates: A Novel and Synthetic Approach to 4-Sulfonamidoquinoline-2-ones and Derivatives Thereof. Adv Synth Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201500942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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13
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Nishimoto Y, Nishimura T, Yasuda M. Indium Tribromide Catalyzed Coupling Reaction of Enol Ethers with Silyl Ketene Imines toward the Synthesis of β,γ-Unsaturated Nitriles. Chemistry 2015; 21:18301-8. [PMID: 26515612 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201503414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Herein, a coupling reaction of enol ethers with silyl ketene imines in the presence of catalytic amounts of InBr3 and Me3 SiBr is described. Kinetic studies have revealed that an indium catalyst and Me3 SiBr accelerated the coupling process and the regeneration of the catalyst, respectively. Various types of enol ethers and silyl ketene imines are applicable. In addition, a formal synthesis of verapamil was achieved by using this novel coupling reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Nishimoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871 (Japan). .,Frontier Research Base for Young Researchers, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871 (Japan).
| | - Takashi Nishimura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871 (Japan)
| | - Makoto Yasuda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871 (Japan).
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14
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López R, Palomo C. Cyanoalkylation: Alkylnitriles in Catalytic CC Bond‐Forming Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:13170-84. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201502493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Revised: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rosa López
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I, Facultad de Química, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV‐EHU), Apdo. 1022, 20080 San Sebastián (Spain)
| | - Claudio Palomo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I, Facultad de Química, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV‐EHU), Apdo. 1022, 20080 San Sebastián (Spain)
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15
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López R, Palomo C. Cyanoalkylierung: Alkylnitrile in katalytischen C‐C‐Kupplungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201502493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rosa López
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I, Facultad de Química, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV‐EHU), Apdo. 1022, 20080 San Sebastián (Spanien)
| | - Claudio Palomo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I, Facultad de Química, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV‐EHU), Apdo. 1022, 20080 San Sebastián (Spanien)
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16
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Gandhamsetty N, Park J, Jeong J, Park SW, Park S, Chang S. Chemoselective Silylative Reduction of Conjugated Nitriles under Metal-Free Catalytic Conditions: β-Silyl Amines and Enamines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201502366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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17
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Gandhamsetty N, Park J, Jeong J, Park SW, Park S, Chang S. Chemoselective Silylative Reduction of Conjugated Nitriles under Metal-Free Catalytic Conditions: β-Silyl Amines and Enamines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:6832-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201502366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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18
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Zhao J, Fang B, Luo W, Hao X, Liu X, Lin L, Feng X. Enantioselective Construction of Vicinal Tetrasubstituted Stereocenters by the Mannich Reaction of Silyl Ketene Imines with Isatin‐Derived Ketimines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201408730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiannan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064 (China)
| | - Bing Fang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064 (China)
| | - Weiwei Luo
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064 (China)
| | - Xiaoyu Hao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064 (China)
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064 (China)
| | - Lili Lin
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064 (China)
| | - Xiaoming Feng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064 (China)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin (China)
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Zhao J, Fang B, Luo W, Hao X, Liu X, Lin L, Feng X. Enantioselective Construction of Vicinal Tetrasubstituted Stereocenters by the Mannich Reaction of Silyl Ketene Imines with Isatin‐Derived Ketimines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 54:241-4. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201408730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Revised: 10/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiannan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064 (China)
| | - Bing Fang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064 (China)
| | - Weiwei Luo
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064 (China)
| | - Xiaoyu Hao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064 (China)
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064 (China)
| | - Lili Lin
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064 (China)
| | - Xiaoming Feng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064 (China)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin (China)
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20
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Früh N, Togni A. Vanadium-katalysierte lösungsmittelfreie Synthese quartärer α-Trifluormethylnitrile mittels elektrophiler Trifluormethylierung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201406181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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21
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Früh N, Togni A. Vanadium-Catalyzed Solvent-Free Synthesis of Quaternary α-Trifluoromethyl Nitriles by Electrophilic Trifluoromethylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:10813-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201406181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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22
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Denmark SE, Wilson TW, Burk MT. Enantioselective construction of quaternary stereogenic carbon atoms by the Lewis base catalyzed additions of silyl ketene imines to aldehydes. Chemistry 2014; 20:9268-79. [PMID: 25043283 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201403342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Silyl ketene imines derived from a variety of α-branched nitriles have been developed as highly useful reagents for the construction of quaternary stereogenic centers via the aldol addition reaction. In the presence of SiCl4 and the catalytic action of a chiral phosphoramide, silyl ketene imines undergo extremely rapid and high yielding addition to a wide variety of aromatic aldehydes with excellent diastereo- and enantioselectivity. Of particular note are the high yields and selectivities obtained from electron-rich, electron-poor, and hindered aldehydes. Linear aliphatic aldehydes did react with good diastereo- and enantioselectivity in the presence of nBu4N(+)I(-), but branched aldehydes were much less reactive. Semiempirical calculations provided a rationalization of the observed diastereo- and enantioselectivity via open transitions states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott E Denmark
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801 (USA), Fax: (+1) 217-333-3984.
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23
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Allais C, Tsai AS, Nuhant P, Roush WR. Generation of stereochemically defined tetrasubstituted enolborinates by 1,4-hydroboration of α,β-unsaturated morpholine carboxamides with (diisopinocampheyl)borane. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:12888-12891. [PMID: 24281884 PMCID: PMC3910328 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201307302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Revised: 09/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
On all fours: The title reaction with (Ipc)2 BH provides tetrasubstituted enolborinates which undergo aldol reactions with aldehydes to form products with all-carbon quaternary centers with exceptional diastereo- and enantioselectivity. A change to the substitution pattern of the starting amide leads to either diastereomer of the α-methyl-α-ethyl-β-hydroxy carboxamide (1 or 2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Allais
- Department of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute 130 Scripps Way,
3A2, Jupiter FL 33458 (USA)
| | - Andy S. Tsai
- Department of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute 130 Scripps Way,
3A2, Jupiter FL 33458 (USA)
| | - Philippe Nuhant
- Department of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute 130 Scripps Way,
3A2, Jupiter FL 33458 (USA)
| | - William R. Roush
- Department of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute 130 Scripps Way,
3A2, Jupiter FL 33458 (USA)
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24
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Allais C, Tsai AS, Nuhant P, Roush WR. Generation of Stereochemically Defined Tetrasubstituted Enolborinates by 1,4-Hydroboration of α,β-Unsaturated Morpholine Carboxamides with (Diisopinocampheyl)borane. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201307302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Sasaki M, Takegawa T, Sakamoto K, Kotomori Y, Otani Y, Ohwada T, Kawahata M, Yamaguchi K, Takeda K. Enantiodivergent Deprotonation/Acylation of α-Amino Nitriles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:12956-60. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201306443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Revised: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Sasaki M, Takegawa T, Sakamoto K, Kotomori Y, Otani Y, Ohwada T, Kawahata M, Yamaguchi K, Takeda K. Enantiodivergent Deprotonation/Acylation of α-Amino Nitriles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201306443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Beutner GL, Denmark SE. Lewis base catalysis of the Mukaiyama directed aldol reaction: 40 years of inspiration and advances. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:9086-96. [PMID: 23843275 PMCID: PMC7928217 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201302084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Since the landmark publications of the first directed aldol addition reaction in 1973, the site, diastereo-, and enantioselective aldol reaction has been elevated to the rarefied status of being both a named and a strategy-level reaction (the Mukaiyama directed aldol reaction). The importance of this reaction in the stereoselective synthesis of untold numbers of organic compounds, both natural and unnatural, cannot be overstated. However, its impact on the field extends beyond the impressive applications in synthesis. The directed aldol reaction has served as a fertile proving ground for new concepts and new methods for stereocontrol and catalysis. This Minireview provides a case history of how the challenges of merging site selectivity, diastereoselectivity, enantioselectivity, and catalysis into a unified reaction manifold stimulated the development of Lewis base catalyzed aldol addition reactions. The evolution of this process is chronicled from the authors' laboratories as well as in those of Professor Teruaki Mukaiyama.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory L. Beutner
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, Process Research & Development New Brunswick, NJ 08903 (USA)
| | - Scott E. Denmark
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana, IL 61801 (USA)
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Beutner GL, Denmark SE. Lewis‐Base‐Katalyse der gerichteten Mukaiyama‐Aldolreaktion: 40 Jahre Inspiration und Fortschritt. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201302084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory L. Beutner
- Bristol‐Myers Squibb, Process Research & Development, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 (USA)
| | - Scott E. Denmark
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana‐Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 (USA) http://www.scs.illinois.edu/denmark
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Barker G, Alshawish MR, Skilbeck MC, Coldham I. Remarkable Configurational Stability of Magnesiated Nitriles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201303442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Barker G, Alshawish MR, Skilbeck MC, Coldham I. Remarkable Configurational Stability of Magnesiated Nitriles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:7700-3. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201303442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Zhao J, Liu X, Luo W, Xie M, Lin L, Feng X. Asymmetric Synthesis of β-Amino Nitriles through a ScIII-Catalyzed Three-Component Mannich Reaction of Silyl Ketene Imines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:3473-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201209093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Zhao J, Liu X, Luo W, Xie M, Lin L, Feng X. Asymmetric Synthesis of β-Amino Nitriles through a ScIII-Catalyzed Three-Component Mannich Reaction of Silyl Ketene Imines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201209093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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