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Alahmadi AF, Yin X, Lalancette RA, Jäkle F. Synthesis and Structure-Property Relationships in Regioisomeric Alternating Borane-Terthiophene Polymers. Chemistry 2022; 29:e202203619. [PMID: 36562302 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Main-chain boron-containing π-conjugated polymers are attractive for organic electronic, sensing, and imaging applications. Alternating terthiophene-borane polymers were prepared and the effects of regioisomeric attachment of the conjugated linker and variations in the electronic effect of the pendent aryl groups (2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenyl, Mes*; 2,4,6-tris(trifluoromethyl)phenyl, FMes) examined. Pd2 dba3 /P(t-Bu)3 -catalyzed Stille polymerization of arylbis(2-thienyl)borane and arylbis(3-thienylborane) with 2,5-bis(trimethylstannyl)thiophene at 120 °C gave polymers with appreciable molecular weight but MALDI-TOF MS analyses showed evidence of unusually prominent homocoupling. These defects could be suppressed by using brominated rather than iodinated monomers, more hindered 2,5-bis(tri-n-butylstannyl)thiophene as comonomer, and Pd2 dba3 /P(o-tol)3 as the catalyst at 100 °C. Under these conditions, macrocyclic species with n=3-10 repeating units formed preferentially according to MALDI-TOF MS analyses. Photophysical studies revealed a prominent effect of the regiochemistry and the nature of the pendent aryl groups on the absorption and emission, giving rise to orange, yellow-green, blue-green, and blue emissive materials respectively. The electronic effects were rationalized through DFT calculations on bis(terthiophene) model systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah F Alahmadi
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University-Newark, 73 Warren Street, 07102, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Xiaodong Yin
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University-Newark, 73 Warren Street, 07102, Newark, NJ, USA.,Current address: Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/, Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 102488, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Roger A Lalancette
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University-Newark, 73 Warren Street, 07102, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Frieder Jäkle
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University-Newark, 73 Warren Street, 07102, Newark, NJ, USA
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Güven Z, Denker L, Dolati H, Wullschläger D, Trzaskowski B, Frank R. Reactions of a Four‐Membered Borete with Carbon, Silicon, and Gallium Donor Ligands: Fused and Spiro‐Type Boracycles. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200673. [PMID: 35362629 PMCID: PMC9322404 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Donor‐acceptor cyclopropanes or cyclobutanes are dipolar reagents, which are widely used in the synthesis of complex organic (hetero)cycles in ring expansion reactions. Applying this concept to boron containing heterocycles, the four‐membered borete cyclo‐iPr2N‐BC10H6 reacted with the carbon donor ligands 2,6‐xylylisonitrile and the carbene IMes :C(NMesCH)2 with ring expansion and ring fusion, respectively. In particular, the tetracyclic structure formed with IMes displays zwitterionic character and absorption in the visible region. In contrast to the carbene IMes, the heavier carbenoids :Si(NDippCH)2 and :Ga(AmIm) with a two‐coordinate donor atom afford spiro‐type bicyclic compounds, which display four‐coordinate geometry at silicon or gallium. (TD‐)DFT calculations provide deeper insight into the mechanism of formation and the absorption properties of these new compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Güven
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Technische Universität Braunschweig Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Lars Denker
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Technische Universität Braunschweig Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Hadi Dolati
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Technische Universität Braunschweig Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Daniela Wullschläger
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Technische Universität Braunschweig Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Bartosz Trzaskowski
- Centre of New Technologies University of Warsaw Banacha 2 C 02-097 Warszawa Poland
| | - René Frank
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Technische Universität Braunschweig Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
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Hong C, Baltazar J, Tovar JD. Manifestations of antiaromaticity in organic materials: case studies of cyclobutadiene, borole, and pentalene. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - John D. Tovar
- Johns Hopkins University Department of Chemistry Department of Materials Science and Engineering 3400 N. Charles StreetNCB 316 MD 21218 Baltimore UNITED STATES
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He Z, Liu L, Zhao Z, Mellerup SK, Ge Y, Wang X, Wang N, Wang S. Divergent and Multi-Stage Photoisomerization of Four-Coordinated Boron Compounds with a Naphthyl-Pyridyl/Thiazolyl Backbone. Chemistry 2020; 26:12403-12410. [PMID: 32311174 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Examination of the photoreactivity of a new class of N,C-chelate organoboron compounds, including a series of unsymmetrically substituted boron molecules, B(naph-pyridyl)(Ar1 )(Ar2 ) and B(naph-thiazolyl)(Ar1 )(Ar2 ), led to the discovery of new and divergent photothermal isomerization phenomena. These include the clean and regioselective photoisomerization by unsymmetrical boron, forming borepin isomers, some of which further isomerize to the corresponding boratanorcaradiene diastereomer pairs as a result of the generation of two chiral centers. Significantly, the boratanorcaradienes involving a 3-thienyl substituent on boron were found to thermally convert to BN-fluoranthene annulated borapentalene via an unprecedented reversible boratacyclopropane-boratacyclopentene rearrangement. Changing the pyridyl donor to a thiazolyl donor on the boron was found to provide the B(naph-thiazolyl)(Mes)2 compounds with a distinct new photoisomerization pathway-instead of borepin, forming new blue fluorescent polycyclic azaborinine species. This work illustrates the richness and complexity of boron photochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhechang He
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Lijie Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic, Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Zhenhui Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic, Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Soren K Mellerup
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Yuxin Ge
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Nan Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic, Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Suning Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
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Janes T, Diskin‐Posner Y, Milstein D. Synthesis and Reactivity of Cationic Boron Complexes Distorted by Pyridine‐based Pincer Ligands: Isolation of a Photochemical Hofmann–Martius‐type Intermediate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:4932-4936. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202000406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Trevor Janes
- Department of Organic ChemistryWeizmann Institute of Science Rehovot 76100 Israel
| | - Yael Diskin‐Posner
- Chemical Research SupportWeizmann Institute of Science Rehovot 76100 Israel
| | - David Milstein
- Department of Organic ChemistryWeizmann Institute of Science Rehovot 76100 Israel
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Janes T, Diskin‐Posner Y, Milstein D. Synthesis and Reactivity of Cationic Boron Complexes Distorted by Pyridine‐based Pincer Ligands: Isolation of a Photochemical Hofmann–Martius‐type Intermediate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202000406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Trevor Janes
- Department of Organic ChemistryWeizmann Institute of Science Rehovot 76100 Israel
| | - Yael Diskin‐Posner
- Chemical Research SupportWeizmann Institute of Science Rehovot 76100 Israel
| | - David Milstein
- Department of Organic ChemistryWeizmann Institute of Science Rehovot 76100 Israel
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von Grotthuss E, John A, Kaese T, Wagner M. Doping Polycyclic Aromatics with Boron for Superior Performance in Materials Science and Catalysis. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201700495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Esther von Grotthuss
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Goethe-Universität Frankfurt; Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7 60438 Frankfurt a. M. Germany
| | - Alexandra John
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Goethe-Universität Frankfurt; Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7 60438 Frankfurt a. M. Germany
| | - Thomas Kaese
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Goethe-Universität Frankfurt; Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7 60438 Frankfurt a. M. Germany
| | - Matthias Wagner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Goethe-Universität Frankfurt; Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7 60438 Frankfurt a. M. Germany
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Su B, Li Y, Ganguly R, Kinjo R. Ring Expansion, Photoisomerization, and Retrocyclization of 1,4,2-Diazaboroles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:14572-14576. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201708720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bochao Su
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry; School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences; Nanyang Technological University; Nanyang Link 21 Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Yongxin Li
- NTU-CBC Crystallography Facility; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore
| | - Rakesh Ganguly
- NTU-CBC Crystallography Facility; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore
| | - Rei Kinjo
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry; School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences; Nanyang Technological University; Nanyang Link 21 Singapore 637371 Singapore
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Su B, Li Y, Ganguly R, Kinjo R. Ring Expansion, Photoisomerization, and Retrocyclization of 1,4,2-Diazaboroles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201708720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bochao Su
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry; School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences; Nanyang Technological University; Nanyang Link 21 Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Yongxin Li
- NTU-CBC Crystallography Facility; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore
| | - Rakesh Ganguly
- NTU-CBC Crystallography Facility; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore
| | - Rei Kinjo
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry; School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences; Nanyang Technological University; Nanyang Link 21 Singapore 637371 Singapore
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Wang XY, Yang DC, Zhuang FD, Liu JJ, Wang JY, Pei J. Postfunctionalization of BN-Embedded Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds for Fine-Tuning of Their Molecular Properties. Chemistry 2015; 21:8867-73. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201501161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Yin X, Chen J, Lalancette RA, Marder TB, Jäkle F. Highly Electron-Deficient and Air-Stable Conjugated Thienylboranes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201403700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Yin X, Chen J, Lalancette RA, Marder TB, Jäkle F. Highly electron-deficient and air-stable conjugated thienylboranes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:9761-5. [PMID: 25044554 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201403700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Introduced herein is a series of conjugated thienylboranes, which are inert to air and moisture, and even resist acids and strong bases. X-ray analyses reveal a coplanar arrangement of the thiophene rings, an arrangement which facilitates p-π conjugation through the boron atoms despite the presence of highly bulky 2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenyl (Mes*) or 2,4,6-tris(trifluoromethyl)phenyl ((F)Mes) groups. Short B⋅⋅⋅F contacts, which lead to a pseudotrigonal bipyramidal geometry in the (F)Mes species, have been further studied by DFT and AIM analysis. In contrast to the Mes* groups, the highly electron-withdrawing (F) Mes groups do not diminish the Lewis acidity of boron toward F(-) anions. These compounds can be lithiated or iodinated under electrophilic conditions without decomposition, thus offering a promising route to larger conjugated structures with electron-acceptor character.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Yin
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University - Newark, 73 Warren Street, Newark, NJ 07102 (USA) http://chemistry.rutgers.edu/fjaekle
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Rao YL, Hörl C, Braunschweig H, Wang S. Reversible photochemische und thermische Isomerisierung von Azaboratabisnorcaradien zu Azaborabenzotropyliden. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201404435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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14
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Rao YL, Hörl C, Braunschweig H, Wang S. Reversible Photochemical and Thermal Isomerization of Azaboratabisnorcaradiene to Azaborabenzotropilidene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:9086-9. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201404435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Kawachi A, Morisaki H, Hirofuji T, Yamamoto Y. Synthesis of Silicon-Functionalized Dibenzosilaborins by Intramolecular BH/CH Dehydrogenative Cyclization and Their Tunable Photophysical and Chemical Properties by Silyl Groups. Chemistry 2013; 19:13294-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201301330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2013] [Revised: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Iida A, Saito S, Sasamori T, Yamaguchi S. Borylated Dibenzoborepin: Synthesis by Skeletal Rearrangement and Photochromism Based on Bora-Nazarov Cyclization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:3760-4. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201210236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Iida A, Saito S, Sasamori T, Yamaguchi S. Borylated Dibenzoborepin: Synthesis by Skeletal Rearrangement and Photochromism Based on Bora-Nazarov Cyclization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201210236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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