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Pramanik S, Islam ASM, Ghosh I, Ghosh P. Supramolecular chemistry of liquid-liquid extraction. Chem Sci 2024; 15:7824-7847. [PMID: 38817569 PMCID: PMC11134359 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc00933a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Liquid-Liquid Extraction (LLE) is a venerable and widely used method for the separation of a targeted solute between two immiscible liquids. In recent years, this method has gained popularity in the supramolecular chemistry community due to the development of various types of synthetic receptors that effectively and selectively bind specific guests in an aqueous medium through different supramolecular interactions. This has eventually led to the development of state-of-the-art extraction technologies for the removal and purification of anions, cations, ion pairs, and small molecules from one liquid phase to another liquid phase, which is an industrially viable method. The focus of this perspective is to furnish a vivid picture of the current understanding of supramolecular interaction-based LLE chemistry. This will not only help to improve separation technology in the chemical, mining, nuclear waste treatment, and medicinal chemistry sectors but is also useful to address the purity issue of the extractable species, which is otherwise difficult. Thus, up-to-date knowledge on this subject will eventually provide opportunities to develop large-scale waste remediation processes and metallurgy applications that can address important real-life problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Pramanik
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Abu S M Islam
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Iti Ghosh
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Pradyut Ghosh
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science Kolkata 700032 India
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2
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Hamacek J, Sokolov J, Šindelář V. Bambusuril Macrocycles as Mediators of Supramolecular Interactions: Application to the Europium Cage Helicate. Chemistry 2021; 27:5492-5497. [PMID: 33442893 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202005140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Herein, it is shown how bambusurils can be used for tuning and/or characterizing supramolecular systems. Indeed, the addition of bambusurils as anion scavengers to metal-mediated self-assemblies allows manipulation of the subtle equilibria in the given system. This is demonstrated for the case of the tetranuclear europium helical cage, which is well suited to different applications. Among the reported results, experimental evidence is provided showing that perchlorate and triflate anions act as a molecular template for the cage assembly. The complexation of inorganic anions with neutral bambusurils resulted in bulky non-coordinating counterions that may trigger the self-assembly process or stimulate specific interactions between components. Moreover, bambusuril was able to selectively remove coordinating nitrates from the mixture with non-coordinating anions, enabling the regeneration of the helical cage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josef Hamacek
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire (CBM), CNRS UPR4301, Rue Charles Sadron, 45071, Orléans, France
| | - Jan Sokolov
- Department of Chemistry and RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Šindelář
- Department of Chemistry and RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500, Brno, Czech Republic
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3
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Gómez-Vega J, Moreno-Corral RA, Santacruz Ortega H, Corona-Martínez DO, Höpfl H, Sotelo-Mundo RR, Ochoa-Terán A, Escobar-Picos RE, Ramírez-Ramírez JZ, Juárez-Sánchez O, Lara KO. Anion, cation and ion-pair recognition by bis-urea based receptors containing a polyether bridge. Supramol Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10610278.2019.1578884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jancarlo Gómez-Vega
- Departamento de Investigación en Polímeros y Materiales, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo, México
| | | | - Hisila Santacruz Ortega
- Departamento de Investigación en Polímeros y Materiales, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo, México
| | - David Octavio Corona-Martínez
- Departamento de Investigación en Polímeros y Materiales, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo, México
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Sonora, Campus Cajeme, Cd. Obregón, México
| | - Herbert Höpfl
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Cuernavaca, México
| | - Rogerio R. Sotelo-Mundo
- Laboratorio de Estructura Biomolecular, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, Hermosillo, México
| | - Adrián Ochoa-Terán
- Centro de Graduados e Investigación en Química. Tecnológico Nacional de México, Tijuana, México
| | | | | | | | - Karen Ochoa Lara
- Departamento de Investigación en Polímeros y Materiales, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo, México
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4
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Desai AM, Singh PK. An Ultrafast Molecular‐Rotor‐Based Fluorescent Turn‐On Sensor for the Perrhenate Anion in Aqueous Solution. Chemistry 2019; 25:2035-2042. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akshat M. Desai
- Radiation & Photochemistry DivisionBhabha Atomic Research Centre Trombay Mumbai 400085 India
| | - Prabhat K. Singh
- Radiation & Photochemistry DivisionBhabha Atomic Research Centre Trombay Mumbai 400085 India
- Training School Complex, AnushaktinagarHomi Bhabha National Institute Mumbai 400094 India
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5
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Sengupta A, Liu Y, Flood AH, Raghavachari K. Anion‐Binding Macrocycles Operate Beyond the Electrostatic Regime: Interaction Distances Matter. Chemistry 2018; 24:14409-14417. [PMID: 30036449 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arkajyoti Sengupta
- Department of Chemistry Indiana University 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue Bloomington Indiana 47405 USA
- Current Address: Department of Chemistry Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan 48824 USA
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Chemistry Indiana University 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue Bloomington Indiana 47405 USA
- Current Address: Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA
| | - Amar H. Flood
- Department of Chemistry Indiana University 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue Bloomington Indiana 47405 USA
| | - Krishnan Raghavachari
- Department of Chemistry Indiana University 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue Bloomington Indiana 47405 USA
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6
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Zhang D, Ronson TK, Mosquera J, Martinez A, Nitschke JR. Selective Anion Extraction and Recovery Using a FeII
4
L4
Cage. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201800459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Tanya K. Ronson
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Jesús Mosquera
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | | | - Jonathan R. Nitschke
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
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Zhang D, Ronson TK, Mosquera J, Martinez A, Nitschke JR. Selective Anion Extraction and Recovery Using a Fe II4 L 4 Cage. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:3717-3721. [PMID: 29393989 PMCID: PMC6001518 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201800459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Selective anion extraction is useful for the recovery and purification of valuable chemicals, and in the removal of pollutants from the environment. Here we report that FeII4L4 cage 1 is able to extract an equimolar amount of ReO4−, a high‐value anion and a nonradioactive surrogate of TcO4−, from water into nitromethane. Importantly, the extraction was efficiently performed even in the presence of 10 other common anions in water, highlighting the high selectivity of 1 for ReO4−. The extracted guest could be released into water as the cage disassembled in ethyl acetate, and then 1 could be recycled by switching the solvent to acetonitrile. The versatile solubility of the cage also enabled complete extraction of ReO4− (as the tetrabutylammonium salt) from an organic phase into water by using the sulfate salt of 1 as the extractant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Tanya K Ronson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Jesús Mosquera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | | | - Jonathan R Nitschke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
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8
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Rodríguez-Hermida S, Lago AB, Pino-Cuevas A, Hagenbach A, Cañadillas-Delgado L, Carballo R, Abram U, Vázquez-López EM. A Hexameric Cationic Copper(II) Metallacrown as a Pertechnetate and Perrhenate Scavenger. Chemistry 2015; 22:1847-53. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201504315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Rodríguez-Hermida
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica; Facultade de Química; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica - Universidade; 36310 Vigo Galicia Spain
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2); CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; Campus UAB, Bellaterra 08193 Barcelona Spain
| | - Ana Belén Lago
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica; Facultade de Química; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica - Universidade; 36310 Vigo Galicia Spain
| | - Arantxa Pino-Cuevas
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica; Facultade de Química; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica - Universidade; 36310 Vigo Galicia Spain
| | - Adelheid Hagenbach
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie; Freie Universität Berlin; Fabeckstrasse 34-36 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Laura Cañadillas-Delgado
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón; CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza; 50009 Zaragoza Spain
| | - Rosa Carballo
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica; Facultade de Química; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica - Universidade; 36310 Vigo Galicia Spain
| | - Ulrich Abram
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie; Freie Universität Berlin; Fabeckstrasse 34-36 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Ezequiel M. Vázquez-López
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica; Facultade de Química; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica - Universidade; 36310 Vigo Galicia Spain
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Acharyya K, Mukherjee PS. Postsynthetic Exterior Decoration of an Organic Cage by Copper(I)-Catalysed A3-Coupling and Detection of Nitroaromatics. Chemistry 2015; 21:6823-31. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201406581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Evans NH, Beer PD. Advances in anion supramolecular chemistry: from recognition to chemical applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:11716-54. [PMID: 25204549 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201309937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 415] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Since the start of this millennium, remarkable progress in the binding and sensing of anions has been taking place, driven in part by discoveries in the use of hydrogen bonding, as well as the previously under-exploited anion-π interactions and halogen bonding. However, anion supramolecular chemistry has developed substantially beyond anion recognition, and now encompasses a diverse range of disciplines. Dramatic advance has been made in the anion-templated synthesis of macrocycles and interlocked molecular architectures, while the study of transmembrane anion transporters has flourished from almost nothing into a rapidly maturing field of research. The supramolecular chemistry of anions has also found real practical use in a variety of applications such as catalysis, ion extraction, and the use of anions as stimuli for responsive chemical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas H Evans
- Department of Chemistry, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB (UK).
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Evans NH, Beer PD. Supramolekulare Chemie von Anionen: von der Erkennung zur chemischen Anwendung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201309937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Martí I, Bolte M, Burguete MI, Vicent C, Alfonso I, Luis SV. Tight and Selective Caging of Chloride Ions by a Pseudopeptidic Host. Chemistry 2014; 20:7458-64. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201303604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Revised: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Acharyya K, Mukherjee PS. Hydrogen-bond-driven controlled molecular marriage in covalent cages. Chemistry 2013; 20:1646-57. [PMID: 24382644 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201303397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Revised: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A supramolecular approach that uses hydrogen-bonding interaction as a driving force to accomplish exceptional self-sorting in the formation of imine-based covalent organic cages is discussed. Utilizing the dynamic covalent chemistry approach from three geometrically similar dialdehydes (A, B, and D) and the flexible triamine tris(2-aminoethyl)amine (X), three new [3+2] self-assembled nanoscopic organic cages have been synthesized and fully characterized by various techniques. When a complex mixture of the dialdehydes and triamine X was subjected to reaction, it was found that only dialdehyde B (which has OH groups for H-bonding) reacted to form the corresponding cage B3X2 selectively. Surprisingly, the same reaction in the absence of aldehyde B yielded a mixture of products. Theoretical and experimental investigations are in complete agreement that the presence of the hydroxyl moiety adjacent to the aldehyde functionality in B is responsible for the selective formation of cage B3X2 from a complex reaction mixture. This spectacular selection was further analyzed by transforming a nonpreferred (non-hydroxy) cage into a preferred (hydroxy) cage B3X2 by treating the former with aldehyde B. The role of the H-bond in partner selection in a mixture of two dialdehydes and two amines has also been established. Moreover, an example of unconventional imine bond metathesis in organic cage-to-cage transformation is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koushik Acharyya
- Department of Inorganic & Physical Chemistry, Indian Institution of Science, Bangalore 560 012 (India), Fax: (+91) 8023601552
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