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Gu MW, Lai CT, Ni IC, Wu CI, Chen CH. Increased Surface Density of States at the Fermi Level for Electron Transport Across Single-Molecule Junctions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202214963. [PMID: 36484557 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202214963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Fermi's golden rule, a remarkable concept for the transition probability involving continuous states, is applicable to the interfacial electron-transporting efficiency via correlation with the surface density of states (SDOS). Yet, this concept has not been reported to tailor single-molecule junctions where gold is an overwhelmingly popular electrode material due to its superior amenability in regenerating molecular junctions. At the Fermi level, however, the SDOS of gold is small due to its fully filled d-shell. To increase the electron-transport efficiency, herein, gold electrodes are modified by a monolayer of platinum or palladium that bears partially filled d-shells and exhibits significant SDOS at the Fermi energy. An increase by 2-30 fold is found for single-molecule conductance of α,ω-hexanes bridged via common headgroups. The improved junction conductance is attributed to the electrode self-energy which involves a stronger coupling with the molecule and a larger SDOS participated by d-electrons at the electrode-molecule interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mong-Wen Gu
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Emerging Materials and Advanced Devices, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ta Lai
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Emerging Materials and Advanced Devices, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - I-Chih Ni
- Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chih-I Wu
- Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsien Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Emerging Materials and Advanced Devices, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
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Gao T, Liu Y, Zhang X, Bai J, Hong W. Preparation and Application of Microelectrodes at the Single-Molecule Scale. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:253-260. [PMID: 33378120 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202001372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Molecular electronics offers a potential solution for the miniaturization of electronics beyond conventional silicon electronics. A key goal of molecular electronics is to fabricate the single-molecule junction with the functions of electronic units. The term "molecular junction" means a molecular cluster or a single molecule incorporated between two microelectrodes, and electrons are transported across it. The methods of constructing molecular junctions dynamically were developed, such as STM-BJ, AFM-BJ, and MCBJ, providing precise control of the gap and easy measurement of thousands of junctions. Electrodes based on these techniques are commonly called microelectrodes because at least one dimension is on the micron scale. In this manuscript, we summarize the preparation methods of microelectrodes and their application in single-molecule measurements. In addition, we discuss the electrode factor that influences the molecular electrical properties, such as material, curvature radius and cone angle, and further provide a brief prospect of molecular electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengyang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Yuyan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Xueqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Jie Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Wenjing Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
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Liu J, Zhao X, Al-Galiby Q, Huang X, Zheng J, Li R, Huang C, Yang Y, Shi J, Manrique DZ, Lambert CJ, Bryce MR, Hong W. Radical-Enhanced Charge Transport in Single-Molecule Phenothiazine Electrical Junctions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201707710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junyang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces; Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Graphene Industry and Engineering Research Institute, iChEM; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Xiaotao Zhao
- Department of Chemistry; Durham University; Durham DH1 3LE UK
| | - Qusiy Al-Galiby
- Department of Physics; Lancaster University; Lancaster LA1 4YB UK
- Department of Physics; College of Education; University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Qadisiyah; Diwaniya city 58002 Iraq
| | - Xiaoyan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces; Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Graphene Industry and Engineering Research Institute, iChEM; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Jueting Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces; Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Graphene Industry and Engineering Research Institute, iChEM; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Ruihao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces; Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Graphene Industry and Engineering Research Institute, iChEM; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Cancan Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Bern; Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces; Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Graphene Industry and Engineering Research Institute, iChEM; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Jia Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces; Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Graphene Industry and Engineering Research Institute, iChEM; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - David Zsolt Manrique
- Department of Physics; Lancaster University; Lancaster LA1 4YB UK
- Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering; University College London; Torrington Place London WC1E 7JE UK
| | - Colin J. Lambert
- Department of Physics; Lancaster University; Lancaster LA1 4YB UK
| | - Martin R. Bryce
- Department of Chemistry; Durham University; Durham DH1 3LE UK
| | - Wenjing Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces; Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Graphene Industry and Engineering Research Institute, iChEM; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
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4
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Liu J, Zhao X, Al-Galiby Q, Huang X, Zheng J, Li R, Huang C, Yang Y, Shi J, Manrique DZ, Lambert CJ, Bryce MR, Hong W. Radical-Enhanced Charge Transport in Single-Molecule Phenothiazine Electrical Junctions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:13061-13065. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201707710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junyang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces; Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Graphene Industry and Engineering Research Institute, iChEM; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Xiaotao Zhao
- Department of Chemistry; Durham University; Durham DH1 3LE UK
| | - Qusiy Al-Galiby
- Department of Physics; Lancaster University; Lancaster LA1 4YB UK
- Department of Physics; College of Education; University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Qadisiyah; Diwaniya city 58002 Iraq
| | - Xiaoyan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces; Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Graphene Industry and Engineering Research Institute, iChEM; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Jueting Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces; Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Graphene Industry and Engineering Research Institute, iChEM; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Ruihao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces; Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Graphene Industry and Engineering Research Institute, iChEM; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Cancan Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Bern; Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces; Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Graphene Industry and Engineering Research Institute, iChEM; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Jia Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces; Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Graphene Industry and Engineering Research Institute, iChEM; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - David Zsolt Manrique
- Department of Physics; Lancaster University; Lancaster LA1 4YB UK
- Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering; University College London; Torrington Place London WC1E 7JE UK
| | - Colin J. Lambert
- Department of Physics; Lancaster University; Lancaster LA1 4YB UK
| | - Martin R. Bryce
- Department of Chemistry; Durham University; Durham DH1 3LE UK
| | - Wenjing Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces; Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Graphene Industry and Engineering Research Institute, iChEM; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
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Wang L, Li SY, Yuan JH, Gu JY, Wang D, Wan LJ. Electron transport characteristics of the dimeric 1,4-benzenedithiol junction. Chem Asian J 2014; 9:2077-82. [PMID: 24909757 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201402196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Revised: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the electron transport between single molecules connected through weak interaction is of great importance for molecular electronics. In this paper, we report measurements of the conductivity of the dimeric 1,4-benzenedithiol (BDT) junction using the scanning tunneling microscopy (STM)-based current-displacement I(s) method. The conductance was measured to be 6.14×10(-6) G0 , a value almost two orders of magnitude lower than that of the monomer BDT junction. In control experiments, the probability of junction formation decreased with the presence of tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP), a reducing reagent for the disulfide bond. According to theoretical computations, the dihedral angle of the SS bond tends to take a perpendicular conformation. This non-conjugated structure localizes the electron distribution and accounts for the low conductivity of the disulfide linkage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 (People's Republic of China), Fax: (+86) 10-62558934; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 (People's Republic of China)
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