1
|
Selvaraj B, Shanmugam G, Kamaraj S, Thirugnanasambandam E, Peters S, Gunasekeran A, Sambandam A, Pillai RS. Effect of Copper and Cobalt Metal Complex Redox Mediator Based Xanthan Gum Gel Electrolyte Materials on Performance of Dye Sensitized Solar Cells. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202203197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Balamurugan Selvaraj
- Advanced inorganic chemistry laboratory Department of Chemistry Faculty of Engineering and Technology SRM Institute and Science and Technology SRM Nagar Kattankulathur 603203, Kancheepuram District Tamil Nadu India
| | - Ganesan Shanmugam
- Advanced inorganic chemistry laboratory Department of Chemistry Faculty of Engineering and Technology SRM Institute and Science and Technology SRM Nagar Kattankulathur 603203, Kancheepuram District Tamil Nadu India
| | - Santhosh Kamaraj
- Advanced inorganic chemistry laboratory Department of Chemistry Faculty of Engineering and Technology SRM Institute and Science and Technology SRM Nagar Kattankulathur 603203, Kancheepuram District Tamil Nadu India
| | - Eswaramoorthi Thirugnanasambandam
- Advanced inorganic chemistry laboratory Department of Chemistry Faculty of Engineering and Technology SRM Institute and Science and Technology SRM Nagar Kattankulathur 603203, Kancheepuram District Tamil Nadu India
| | - Silda Peters
- Advanced inorganic chemistry laboratory Department of Chemistry Faculty of Engineering and Technology SRM Institute and Science and Technology SRM Nagar Kattankulathur 603203, Kancheepuram District Tamil Nadu India
| | - Ahalya Gunasekeran
- Nanomaterials and Solar Energy Conversion Lab Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli 620 015 Tamilnadu India
| | - Anandan Sambandam
- Nanomaterials and Solar Energy Conversion Lab Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli 620 015 Tamilnadu India
| | - Renjith S. Pillai
- Department of Chemistry Christ University Bengaluru 560029 Karnataka India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fagiolari L, Bonomo M, Cognetti A, Meligrana G, Gerbaldi C, Barolo C, Bella F. Photoanodes for Aqueous Solar Cells: Exploring Additives and Formulations Starting from a Commercial TiO 2 Paste. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:6562-6573. [PMID: 33031645 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202001898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Whereas the commercialization of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) is finally proceeding taking advantage of their low cost and tunable optical features, such as colour and transparency for both indoor and building-integrated applications, the corresponding aqueous counterpart is still at its infancy. As the TiO2 electrode is a fundamental component for hybrid solar cells, this work investigates the effect of different molecular (α-terpineol, propylene carbonate) and polymeric (polyethylene oxide, polyethylene glycol, carboxymethyl cellulose and xanthan gum) additives that can be introduced into a commercial TiO2 paste for for screen-printing (or doctor blade). Among all, the addition of polyethylene glycol leads to the best cell performances, with markedly increased short-circuit current density (+18 %) and power conversion efficiency (+48 %) with respect to the pristine (commercial) counterpart. When further explored at different concentration levels, electrodes fabricated from polyethylene glycol-based pastes show different morphologies, thicknesses and performances, which are investigated through (photo)electrochemical, structural, physical-chemical and microscopic techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Fagiolari
- GAME Lab, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Torino, Italy
| | - Matteo Bonomo
- Department of Chemistry, NIS Interdepartmental Centre and INSTM Reference Centre, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Alessio Cognetti
- GAME Lab, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Torino, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Meligrana
- GAME Lab, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Torino, Italy
| | - Claudio Gerbaldi
- GAME Lab, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Torino, Italy
| | - Claudia Barolo
- Department of Chemistry, NIS Interdepartmental Centre and INSTM Reference Centre, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Federico Bella
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Torino, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jiang H, Ren Y, Zhang W, Wu Y, Socie EC, Carlsen BI, Moser J, Tian H, Zakeeruddin SM, Zhu W, Grätzel M. Phenanthrene‐Fused‐Quinoxaline as a Key Building Block for Highly Efficient and Stable Sensitizers in Copper‐Electrolyte‐Based Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202000892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huiyun Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringFeringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research CenterShanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials ChemistryInstitute of Fine ChemicalsSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
- Laboratory of Photonics and InterfacesInstitute of Chemical Sciences and EngineeringÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Yameng Ren
- Laboratory of Photonics and InterfacesInstitute of Chemical Sciences and EngineeringÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringFeringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research CenterShanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials ChemistryInstitute of Fine ChemicalsSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Yongzhen Wu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringFeringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research CenterShanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials ChemistryInstitute of Fine ChemicalsSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Etienne Christophe Socie
- Photochemical Dynamics GroupInstitute of Chemical Sciences and EngineeringÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Switzerland
| | - Brian Irving Carlsen
- Laboratory of Photomolecular ScienceInstitute of Chemical Sciences and EngineeringÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Switzerland
| | - Jacques‐E. Moser
- Photochemical Dynamics GroupInstitute of Chemical Sciences and EngineeringÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Switzerland
| | - He Tian
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringFeringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research CenterShanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials ChemistryInstitute of Fine ChemicalsSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Shaik Mohammed Zakeeruddin
- Laboratory of Photonics and InterfacesInstitute of Chemical Sciences and EngineeringÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Wei‐Hong Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringFeringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research CenterShanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials ChemistryInstitute of Fine ChemicalsSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Michael Grätzel
- Laboratory of Photonics and InterfacesInstitute of Chemical Sciences and EngineeringÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jiang H, Ren Y, Zhang W, Wu Y, Socie EC, Carlsen BI, Moser JE, Tian H, Zakeeruddin SM, Zhu WH, Grätzel M. Phenanthrene-Fused-Quinoxaline as a Key Building Block for Highly Efficient and Stable Sensitizers in Copper-Electrolyte-Based Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:9324-9329. [PMID: 32160366 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202000892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) based on CuII/I bipyridyl or phenanthroline complexes as redox shuttles have achieved very high open-circuit voltages (VOC , more than 1 V). However, their short-circuit photocurrent density (JSC ) has remained modest. Increasing the JSC is expected to extend the spectral response of sensitizers to the red or NIR region while maintaining efficient electron injection in the mesoscopic TiO2 film and fast regeneration by the CuI complex. Herein, we report two new D-A-π-A-featured sensitizers termed HY63 and HY64, which employ benzothiadiazole (BT) or phenanthrene-fused-quinoxaline (PFQ), respectively, as the auxiliary electron-withdrawing acceptor moiety. Despite their very similar energy levels and absorption onsets, HY64-based DSSCs outperform their HY63 counterparts, achieving a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 12.5 %. PFQ is superior to BT in reducing charge recombination resulting in the near-quantitative collection of photogenerated charge carriers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huiyun Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.,Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yameng Ren
- Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Yongzhen Wu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Etienne Christophe Socie
- Photochemical Dynamics Group, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland
| | - Brian Irving Carlsen
- Laboratory of Photomolecular Science, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland
| | - Jacques-E Moser
- Photochemical Dynamics Group, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland
| | - He Tian
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Shaik Mohammed Zakeeruddin
- Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Wei-Hong Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Michael Grätzel
- Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liu H, Xiang W, Tao H. Probing the influence of lithium cation as electrolyte additive for the improved performance of p-type aqueous dye sensitized solar cells. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2017.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
6
|
Li CT, Lin RYY, Lin JT. Sensitizers for Aqueous-Based Solar Cells. Chem Asian J 2017; 12:486-496. [PMID: 28070969 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201601627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 01/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Aqueous dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are attractive due to their sustainability, the use of water as a safe solvent for the redox mediators, and their possible applications in photoelectrochemical water splitting. However, the higher tendency of dye leaching by water and the lower wettability of dye molecules are two major obstacles that need to be tackled for future applications of aqueous DSSCs. Sensitizers designed for aqueous DSSCs are discussed based on their functions, such as modification of the molecular skeleton and the anchoring group for better stability against dye leaching by water, and the incorporation of hydrophilic entities into the dye molecule or the addition of a surfactant to the system to increase the wettability of the dye for more facile dye regeneration. Surface treatment of the photoanode to deter dye leaching or improve the wettability of the dye molecule is also discussed. Redox mediators designed for aqueous DSSCs are also discussed. The review also includes quantum-dot-sensitized solar cells, with a focus on improvements in QD loading and suppression of interfacial charge recombination at the photoanode.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ting Li
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Ryan Yeh-Yung Lin
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Jiann T Lin
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Xiang W, Chen D, Caruso RA, Cheng YB, Bach U, Spiccia L. The Effect of the Scattering Layer in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Employing a Cobalt-Based Aqueous Gel Electrolyte. CHEMSUSCHEM 2015; 8:3704-3711. [PMID: 26391901 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201500627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Revised: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We developed an aqueous gel electrolyte based on the [Co(bpy)3](2+/3+) (bpy=2,2'-bipyridine) redox mediator for use in n-type dye-sensitized solar cells. Application of this electrolyte in combination with titania nanoparticle-based photoanodes and mesoporous titania bead scattering layers resulted in devices with efficiencies of 4.1% under simulated AM 1.5 sunlight, compared with 3.5% for devices using scattering layers made from a commercial paste. This difference was largely a result of a 25% improvement in the short-circuit current density and was ascribed to lower diffusion resistance for the gel electrolyte within mesoporous TiO2 beads, as confirmed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Transient photocurrent measurements identified mass-diffusion problems for DSCs employing the commercial TiO2 paste. Moreover, under continuous 1 sun illumination, the devices based on an aqueous gel electrolyte displayed higher stability relative to those assembled with the corresponding liquid electrolyte.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wanchun Xiang
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Victoria, 3800, Australia
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Dehong Chen
- PFPC, School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Rachel A Caruso
- PFPC, School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
- Manufacturing, Flexible Electronics Theme, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Clayton South,Victoria 3169, Australia
| | - Yi-Bing Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Udo Bach
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Victoria, 3800, Australia
- Manufacturing, Flexible Electronics Theme, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Clayton South,Victoria 3169, Australia
- Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, 151 Wellington Road, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Leone Spiccia
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Victoria, 3800, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lin RYY, Wu FL, Li CT, Chen PY, Ho KC, Lin JT. High-performance aqueous/organic dye-sensitized solar cells based on sensitizers containing triethylene oxide methyl ether. CHEMSUSCHEM 2015; 8:2503-2513. [PMID: 26098636 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201500589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Revised: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Metal-free dyes (EO1 to EO4) containing the hydrophilic triethylene oxide methyl ether (TEOME) unit in the spacer have been synthesized and used in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Efficient lithium-ion trapping by TEOME results in improved open-circuit voltage (VOC ), leading to excellent conversion efficiency of the cells, ranging from 9.02 to 9.98 % with I(-) /I3 (-) electrolyte in acetonitrile under AM 1.5 illumination. The TEOME unit also enhances the wettability of the dye molecules for application in aqueous-based DSSCs. Aqueous-based DSSCs with a dual TEMPO/iodide electrolyte exhibit high VOC values (0.80-0.88 V) and very promising cell performances of up to 5.97 %.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Yeh-Yung Lin
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang 11529, Taipei (Taiwan)ca.edu.tw
| | - Feng-Ling Wu
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang 11529, Taipei (Taiwan)ca.edu.tw
| | - Chun-Ting Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617 (Taiwan)
| | - Pei-Yu Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617 (Taiwan)
| | - Kuo-Chuan Ho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617 (Taiwan).
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617 (Taiwan).
| | - Jiann T Lin
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang 11529, Taipei (Taiwan)ca.edu.tw.
| |
Collapse
|