1
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Kremsmair A, Wilke HR, Harenberg JH, Bissinger BRG, Simon MM, Alandini N, Knochel P. In Situ Quench Reactions of Enantioenriched Secondary Alkyllithium Reagents in Batch and Continuous Flow Using an I/Li-Exchange. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202214377. [PMID: 36269064 PMCID: PMC10100098 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202214377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
We report a practical in situ quench (ISQ) procedure involving the generation of chiral secondary alkyllithiums from secondary alkyl iodides (including functionalized iodides bearing an ester or a nitrile) in the presence of various electrophiles such as aldehydes, ketones, Weinreb amides, isocyanates, sulfides, or boronates. This ISQ-reaction allowed the preparation of a broad range of optically enriched ketones, alcohols, amides, sulfides and boronic acid esters in typically 90-98 % ee. Remarkably, these reactions were performed at -78 °C or -40 °C in batch. A continuous flow set-up permitted reaction temperatures between -20 °C and 0 °C and allowed a scale-up up to a 40-fold without further optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Kremsmair
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Haus F, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Henrik R Wilke
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Haus F, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Johannes H Harenberg
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Haus F, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Benjamin R G Bissinger
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Haus F, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Matthias M Simon
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Haus F, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Nurtalya Alandini
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Haus F, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Paul Knochel
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Haus F, 81377, München, Germany
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2
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Djukanovic D, Ganiek MA, Nishi K, Karaghiosoff K, Mashima K, Knochel P. Preparation of Functionalized Amides Using Dicarbamoylzincs. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202205440. [PMID: 35561099 PMCID: PMC9401601 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202205440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We report a new convenient preparation of dicarbamoylzincs of type (R1R2NCO)2Zn by the treatment of ZnCl2 and formamides R1R2NCHO with LiTMP in THF (15 °C, 15 min) or by the reaction of formamides R1R2NCHO with TMP2Zn (25 °C, 16 h). This second method tolerates sensitive groups such as an ester, ketone or nitro function. Reaction of these dicarbamoylzincs with allylic, benzylic, aryl, alkenyl bromides, acid chlorides, aldehydes or enones provided various polyfunctional amides in 47–97 % yields. 13C NMR characterization of these new carbamoylzinc derivatives is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrije Djukanovic
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, Haus F, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Maximilian A Ganiek
- Patheon, by Thermo Fisher Scientific, Patheon Regensburg Gmbh, Donaustaufer Straße 378, 93055, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Kohei Nishi
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, 565-0871 Osaka, Japan.,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871 Osaka, Japan
| | - Konstantin Karaghiosoff
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, Haus F, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Kazushi Mashima
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, 565-0871 Osaka, Japan.,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871 Osaka, Japan
| | - Paul Knochel
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, Haus F, 81377, München, Germany
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3
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Mori A, Curpanen S, Pezzetta C, Perez-Luna A, Poli G, Oble J. C–H Activation Based Functionalizations of Furfural Derivatives. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Mori
- Sorbonne Université: Sorbonne Universite IPCM FRANCE
| | | | | | | | | | - Julie Oble
- Sorbonne Université: Sorbonne Universite IPCM FRANCE
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4
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Preparation of Functionalized Amides using Dicarbamoylzincs. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202205440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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5
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Sunagatullina AS, Lutter FH, Knochel P. Preparation of Primary and Secondary Dialkylmagnesiums by a Radical I/Mg‐Exchange Reaction Using
s
Bu
2
Mg in Toluene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202116625. [PMID: 35044040 PMCID: PMC9302629 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202116625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The treatment of primary or secondary alkyl iodides with sBu2Mg in toluene (25–40 °C, 2–4 h) provided dialkylmagnesiums that underwent various reactions with aldehydes, ketones, acid chlorides or allylic bromides. 3‐Substituted secondary cyclohexyl iodides led to all‐cis‐3‐cyclohexylmagnesium reagents under these exchange conditions in a highly stereoconvergent manner. Enantiomerically enriched 3‐silyloxy‐substituted secondary alkyl iodides gave after an exchange reaction with sBu2Mg stereodefined dialkylmagnesiums that after quenching with various electrophiles furnished various 1,3‐stereodefined products including homo‐aldol products (99 % dr and 98 % ee). Mechanistic studies confirmed a radical pathway for these new iodine/magnesium‐exchange reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisa S. Sunagatullina
- Department Chemie Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Butenandtstrasse 5–13, Haus F 81377 München Germany
| | - Ferdinand H. Lutter
- Department Chemie Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Butenandtstrasse 5–13, Haus F 81377 München Germany
| | - Paul Knochel
- Department Chemie Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Butenandtstrasse 5–13, Haus F 81377 München Germany
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6
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Sunagatullina AS, Lutter FH, Knochel P. Herstellung von primären und sekundären Dialkylmagnesiumverbindungen durch eine radikalische I/Mg‐Austauschreaktion mit
s
Bu
2
Mg in Toluol. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202116625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alisa S. Sunagatullina
- Department Chemie Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Butenandtstrasse 5–13, Haus F 81 377 München Deutschland
| | - Ferdinand H. Lutter
- Department Chemie Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Butenandtstrasse 5–13, Haus F 81 377 München Deutschland
| | - Paul Knochel
- Department Chemie Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Butenandtstrasse 5–13, Haus F 81 377 München Deutschland
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7
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Kremsmair A, Hess A, Heinz B, Knochel P. Regioselective Magnesiations and Zincations of Aromatics and Heterocycles Triggered by Lewis Acids. Chemistry 2021; 28:e202103269. [PMID: 34704653 PMCID: PMC9300163 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Mixed TMP‐bases (TMP=2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidyl), such as TMPMgCl ⋅ LiCl, TMP2Mg ⋅ 2LiCl, TMPZnCl ⋅ LiCl and TMP2Zn ⋅ 2LiCl, are outstanding reagents for the metalation of functionalized aromatics and heterocycles. In the presence of Lewis acids, such as BF3 ⋅ OEt2 or MgCl2, the metalation scope of such bases was dramatically increased, and regioselectivity switches were achieved in the presence or absence of these Lewis acids. Furthermore, highly reactive lithium bases, such as TMPLi or Cy2NLi, are also compatible with various Lewis acids, such as MgCl2 ⋅ 2LiCl, ZnCl2 ⋅ 2LiCl or CuCN ⋅ 2LiCl. Performing such metalations in continuous flow using commercial setups permitted practical and convenient reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Kremsmair
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München: Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen, Chemie und Pharmazie, GERMANY
| | - Andreas Hess
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München: Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen, Chemie und Pharmazie, GERMANY
| | - Benjamin Heinz
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München: Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen, Chemie und Pharamzie, GERMANY
| | - Paul Knochel
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen, Department of Chemistry, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, München, GERMANY
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8
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Inoue K, Feng Y, Mori A, Okano K. "Snapshot" Trapping of Multiple Transient Azolyllithiums in Batch. Chemistry 2021; 27:10267-10273. [PMID: 33960030 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Recent developments in flow microreactor technology have allowed the use of transient organolithium compounds that cannot be realized in a batch reactor. However, trapping the transient aryllithiums in a "halogen dance" is still challenging. Herein is reported the trapping of such short-lived azolyllithiums in a batch reactor by developing a finely tuned in situ zincation using zinc halide diamine complexes. The reaction rate is controlled by the appropriate choice of diamine ligand. The reaction is operationally simple and can be performed at 0 °C with high reproducibility on a multigram scale. This method was applicable to a wide range of brominated azoles allowing deprotonative functionalization, which was used for the concise divergent syntheses of both constitutional isomers of biologically active azoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kengo Inoue
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Yuxuan Feng
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Atsunori Mori
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan.,Research Center for Membrane and Film Technology, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Kentaro Okano
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
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9
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Balkenhohl M, Jangra H, Makarov IS, Yang S, Zipse H, Knochel P. A Predictive Model Towards Site-Selective Metalations of Functionalized Heterocycles, Arenes, Olefins, and Alkanes using TMPZnCl⋅LiCl. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:14992-14999. [PMID: 32400069 PMCID: PMC7497272 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202005372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The development of a predictive model towards site-selective deprotometalation reactions using TMPZnCl⋅LiCl is reported (TMP=2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl). The pKa values of functionalized N-, S-, and O-heterocycles, arenes, alkenes, or alkanes were calculated and compared to the experimental deprotonation sites. Large overlap (>80 %) between the calculated and empirical deprotonation sites was observed, showing that thermodynamic factors strongly govern the metalation regioselectivity. In the case of olefins, calculated frozen state energies of the deprotonated substrates allowed a more accurate prediction. Additionally, various new N-heterocycles were analyzed and the metalation regioselectivities rationalized using the predictive model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Balkenhohl
- Department of ChemistryLudwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenButenandtstr. 5–1381377MunichGermany
| | - Harish Jangra
- Department of ChemistryLudwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenButenandtstr. 5–1381377MunichGermany
| | - Ilya S. Makarov
- Department of ChemistryLudwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenButenandtstr. 5–1381377MunichGermany
| | - Shu‐Mei Yang
- Department of ChemistryNational (Taiwan) Normal University88, Sec. 4, Tingchow RoadTaipei11677Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hendrik Zipse
- Department of ChemistryLudwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenButenandtstr. 5–1381377MunichGermany
| | - Paul Knochel
- Department of ChemistryLudwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenButenandtstr. 5–1381377MunichGermany
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10
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Balkenhohl M, Jangra H, Makarov IS, Yang S, Zipse H, Knochel P. A Predictive Model Towards Site‐Selective Metalations of Functionalized Heterocycles, Arenes, Olefins, and Alkanes using TMPZnCl⋅LiCl. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202005372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Balkenhohl
- Department of Chemistry Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Butenandtstr. 5–13 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Harish Jangra
- Department of Chemistry Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Butenandtstr. 5–13 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Ilya S. Makarov
- Department of Chemistry Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Butenandtstr. 5–13 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Shu‐Mei Yang
- Department of Chemistry National (Taiwan) Normal University 88, Sec. 4, Tingchow Road Taipei 11677 Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hendrik Zipse
- Department of Chemistry Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Butenandtstr. 5–13 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Paul Knochel
- Department of Chemistry Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Butenandtstr. 5–13 81377 Munich Germany
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11
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Affiliation(s)
- Kengo Inoue
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering Kobe University Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501 Japan
| | - Kentaro Okano
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering Kobe University Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501 Japan
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12
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Uzelac M, Kennedy AR, Hevia E, Mulvey RE. Transforming LiTMP Lithiation of Challenging Diazines through Gallium Alkyl Trans-Metal-Trapping. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 55:13147-13150. [PMID: 27647741 PMCID: PMC5113679 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201607284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study establishes a new trans‐metal‐trapping (TMT) procedure based on a mixture of LiTMP (the base) and tris(trimethylsilylmethyl)gallium [Ga(CH2SiMe3)3, GaR3] (the trap) that, operating in a tandem manner, is effective for the regioselective deprotonation of sensitive diazines in hydrocarbon solution, as illustrated through reactions of pyrazine, pyridazine, and pyrimidine, as well as through the N‐S heterocycle benzothiazole. The metallo‐activated complexes of all of these compounds were isolated and structurally defined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Uzelac
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
| | - Alan R Kennedy
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
| | - Eva Hevia
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK.
| | - Robert E Mulvey
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK.
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13
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Fused Systems Based on 2-Aminopyrimidines: Synthesis Combining Deprotolithiation-in situ Zincation withN-Arylation Reactions and Biological Properties. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201701004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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14
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Ketels M, Ganiek MA, Weidmann N, Knochel P. Synthese von Diorganomagnesium‐ und Diorganozinkverbindungen durch In‐Situ‐Abfang‐Halogen‐Lithium‐Austausch an hochfunktionalisierten (Hetero)Arylhalogeniden im kontinuierlichen Durchfluss. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201706609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marthe Ketels
- Department Chemie Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Butenandtstraße 5–13, Haus F 81377 München Deutschland
| | - Maximilian A. Ganiek
- Department Chemie Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Butenandtstraße 5–13, Haus F 81377 München Deutschland
| | - Niels Weidmann
- Department Chemie Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Butenandtstraße 5–13, Haus F 81377 München Deutschland
| | - Paul Knochel
- Department Chemie Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Butenandtstraße 5–13, Haus F 81377 München Deutschland
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15
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Ketels M, Ganiek MA, Weidmann N, Knochel P. Synthesis of Polyfunctional Diorganomagnesium and Diorganozinc Reagents through In Situ Trapping Halogen–Lithium Exchange of Highly Functionalized (Hetero)aryl Halides in Continuous Flow. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:12770-12773. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201706609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marthe Ketels
- Department Chemie Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Haus F 81377 München Germany
| | - Maximilian A. Ganiek
- Department Chemie Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Haus F 81377 München Germany
| | - Niels Weidmann
- Department Chemie Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Haus F 81377 München Germany
| | - Paul Knochel
- Department Chemie Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Haus F 81377 München Germany
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16
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Ganiek MA, Becker MR, Berionni G, Zipse H, Knochel P. Barbier Continuous Flow Preparation and Reactions of Carbamoyllithiums for Nucleophilic Amidation. Chemistry 2017; 23:10280-10284. [PMID: 28590518 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201702593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
An ambient temperature continuous flow method for nucleophilic amidation and thioamidation is described. Deprotonation of formamides by lithium diisopropylamine (LDA) affords carbamoyllithium intermediates that are quenched in situ with various electrophiles such as ketones, allyl bromides, Weinreb and morpholino amides. The nature of the reactive lithium intermediates and the thermodynamics of the metalation were further investigated by ab initio calculations and kinetic experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian A Ganiek
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Haus F, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Matthias R Becker
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Haus F, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Guillaume Berionni
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Haus F, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Hendrik Zipse
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Haus F, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Paul Knochel
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Haus F, 81377, München, Germany
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17
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Fuentes MÁ, Zabala A, Kennedy AR, Mulvey RE. Structural Diversity in Alkali Metal and Alkali Metal Magnesiate Chemistry of the Bulky 2,6-Diisopropyl-N-(trimethylsilyl)anilino Ligand. Chemistry 2016; 22:14968-14978. [PMID: 27573676 PMCID: PMC5096043 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Bulky amido ligands are precious in s-block chemistry, since they can implant complementary strong basic and weak nucleophilic properties within compounds. Recent work has shown the pivotal importance of the base structure with enhancement of basicity and extraordinary regioselectivities possible for cyclic alkali metal magnesiates containing mixed n-butyl/amido ligand sets. This work advances alkali metal and alkali metal magnesiate chemistry of the bulky arylsilyl amido ligand [N(SiMe3 )(Dipp)]- (Dipp=2,6-iPr2 -C6 H3 ). Infinite chain structures of the parent sodium and potassium amides are disclosed, adding to the few known crystallographically characterised unsolvated s-block metal amides. Solvation by N,N,N',N'',N''-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) or N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA) gives molecular variants of the lithium and sodium amides; whereas for potassium, PMDETA gives a molecular structure, TMEDA affords a novel, hemi-solvated infinite chain. Crystal structures of the first magnesiate examples of this amide in [MMg{N(SiMe3 )(Dipp)}2 (μ-nBu)]∞ (M=Na or K) are also revealed, though these breakdown to their homometallic components in donor solvents as revealed through NMR and DOSY studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ángeles Fuentes
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
| | - Andoni Zabala
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
| | - Alan R Kennedy
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
| | - Robert E Mulvey
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK.
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18
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Uzelac M, Kennedy AR, Hevia E, Mulvey RE. Transforming LiTMP Lithiation of Challenging Diazines through Gallium Alkyl Trans-Metal-Trapping. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201607284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Uzelac
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry; University of Strathclyde; Glasgow G1 1XL UK
| | - Alan R. Kennedy
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry; University of Strathclyde; Glasgow G1 1XL UK
| | - Eva Hevia
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry; University of Strathclyde; Glasgow G1 1XL UK
| | - Robert E. Mulvey
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry; University of Strathclyde; Glasgow G1 1XL UK
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19
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Klier L, Aranzamendi E, Ziegler D, Nickel J, Karaghiosoff K, Carell T, Knochel P. Lewis Acid Triggered Regioselective Magnesiation and Zincation of Uracils, Uridines, and Cytidines. Org Lett 2016; 18:1068-71. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b00190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Klier
- Department
Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Eider Aranzamendi
- Department
Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Dorothée Ziegler
- Department
Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Johannes Nickel
- Department
Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Konstantin Karaghiosoff
- Department
Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Thomas Carell
- Department
Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Paul Knochel
- Department
Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
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Fuentes MÁ, Kennedy AR, Mulvey RE, Parkinson JA, Rantanen T, Robertson SD, Snieckus V. Adding a Structural Context to the Deprotometalation and Trans-Metal Trapping Chemistry of Phenyl-Substituted Benzotriazole. Chemistry 2015; 21:14812-22. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201502534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Becker MR, Knochel P. Practical Continuous-Flow Trapping Metalations of Functionalized Arenes and Heteroarenes Using TMPLi in the Presence of Mg, Zn, Cu, or La Halides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:12501-5. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201502393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Becker MR, Knochel P. Praktische kontinuierliche Durchfluss-Abfangmetallierungen funktionalisierter Arene und Heteroarene mit TMPLi in Gegenwart von Mg-, Zn-, Cu- oder La-Halogeniden. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201502393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Nafe J, Herbert S, Auras F, Karaghiosoff K, Bein T, Knochel P. Functionalization of Quinoxalines by Using TMP Bases: Preparation of Tetracyclic Heterocycles with High Photoluminescene Quantum Yields. Chemistry 2014; 21:1102-7. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201405240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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