Xing P, Phua SZF, Wei X, Zhao Y. Programmable Multicomponent Self-Assembly Based on Aromatic Amino Acids.
ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018;
30:e1805175. [PMID:
30302837 DOI:
10.1002/adma.201805175]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Construction of integrated self-assembly with ordered structures from two or more organic building blocks is currently a challenge, since it suffers from intrinsic systematic complexity and diverse competitive pathways. Here, it is reported that aromatic amino acid building units can be incorporated into two- or three-component coassembly driven primarily by hydrogen bonding interactions without the assistance of metal-ligand and macrocycle-based host-guest interactions. The key strategy is to employ a C3 -symmetric molecule with alternative hydrogen bonding donor/acceptor sites that are able to bind either carboxylic acid or pyridine appended building units. Aromatic amino acids, C3 -symmetric compound, and bipyridine unit constitute a unique ternary mutual binding system, where three coassembly pathways including two pairwise formations and one ternary combination are unveiled, giving rise to two- and three-component self-assemblies with ordered structures, respectively. The pathway complexity lies in the structural parameter of aromatic amino acids, which can be programmable by controlling substituents at the α-position of amino acids.
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