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Chen Y, Liu W, Huangfu X, Wei J, Yu J, Zhang WX. Direct Synthesis of Phosphoryltriacetates from White Phosphorus via Visible Light Catalysis. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202302289. [PMID: 37927193 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Organophosphorus compounds (OPCs) are widely used in many fields. However, traditional synthetic routes in the industry usually involve multistep and hazardous procedures. Therefore, it's of great significance to construct such compounds in an environmentally-friendly and facile way. Herein, a photoredox catalytic method has been developed to construct novel phosphoryltriacetates. Using fac-Ir(ppy)3 (ppy=2-phenylpyridine) as the photocatalyst and blue LEDs (456 nm) as the light source, white phosphorus can react with α-bromo esters smoothly to generate phosphoryltriacetates in moderate to good yields. This one-step approach features mild reaction conditions and simple operational process without chlorination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Rare-earth Materials Chemistry and Applications &, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and, Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Rare-earth Materials Chemistry and Applications &, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and, Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xinlei Huangfu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Rare-earth Materials Chemistry and Applications &, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and, Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Junnian Wei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Rare-earth Materials Chemistry and Applications &, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and, Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jiangxi Yu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Metal-Organic Compounds, Key Laboratory of Organometallic New Materials (Hengyang Normal University), College of Hunan Province, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang, 421008, China
| | - Wen-Xiong Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Rare-earth Materials Chemistry and Applications &, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and, Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
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2
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Haimerl M, Graßl C, Seidl M, Piesch M, Scheer M. Conversion of E 4 (E 4 =P 4 , As 4 , AsP 3 ) by Ni(0) and Ni(I) Synthons - A Comparative Study. Chemistry 2021; 27:18129-18134. [PMID: 34730858 PMCID: PMC9298694 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The reactivity of white phosphorus and yellow arsenic towards two different nickel nacnac complexes is investigated. The nickel complexes [(L1 Ni)2 tol] (1, L1 =[{N(C6 H3 i Pr2 -2,6)C(Me)}2 CH]- ) and [K2 ][(L1 Ni)2 (μ,η1 : 1 -N2 )] (6) were reacted with P4 , As4 and the interpnictogen compound AsP3 , respectively, yielding the homobimetallic complexes [(L1 Ni)2 (μ-η2 ,κ1 :η2 ,κ1 -E4 )] (E=P (2 a), As (2 b), AsP3 (2 c)), [(L1 Ni)2 (μ,η3 : 3 -E3 )] (E=P (3 a), As (3 b)) and [K@18-c-6(thf)2 ][L1 Ni(η1 : 1 -E4 )] (E=P (7 a), As (7 b)), respectively. Heating of 2 a, 2 b or 2 c also leads to the formation of 3 a or 3 b. Furthermore, the reactivity of these compounds towards reduction agents was investigated, leading to [K2 ][(L1 Ni)2 (μ,η2 : 2 -P4 )] (4) and [K@18-c-6(thf)3 ][(L1 Ni)2 (μ,η3 : 3 -E3 )] (E=P (5 a), As (5 b)), respectively. Compound 4 shows an unusual planarization of the initial Ni2 P4 -prism. All products were comprehensively characterized by crystallographic and spectroscopic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Haimerl
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of RegensburgUniversitätsstraße 3193053RegensburgGermany
| | - Christian Graßl
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of RegensburgUniversitätsstraße 3193053RegensburgGermany
| | - Michael Seidl
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of RegensburgUniversitätsstraße 3193053RegensburgGermany
| | - Martin Piesch
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of RegensburgUniversitätsstraße 3193053RegensburgGermany
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of RegensburgUniversitätsstraße 3193053RegensburgGermany
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3
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Yadav R, Weber M, Singh AK, Münzfeld L, Gramüller J, Gschwind RM, Scheer M, Roesky PW. A Structural Diversity of Molecular Alkaline-Earth-Metal Polyphosphides: From Supramolecular Wheel to Zintl Ion. Chemistry 2021; 27:14128-14137. [PMID: 34403183 PMCID: PMC8518058 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A series of molecular group 2 polyphosphides has been synthesized by using air-stable [Cp*Fe(η5 -P5 )] (Cp*=C5 Me5 ) or white phosphorus as polyphosphorus precursors. Different types of group 2 reagents such as organo-magnesium, mono-valent magnesium, and molecular calcium hydride complexes have been investigated to activate these polyphosphorus sources. The organo-magnesium complex [(Dipp BDI-Mg(CH3 ))2 ] (Dipp BDI={[2,6-i Pr2 C6 H3 NCMe]2 CH}- ) reacts with [Cp*Fe(η5 -P5 )] to give an unprecedented Mg/Fe-supramolecular wheel. Kinetically controlled activation of [Cp*Fe(η5 -P5 )] by different mono-valent magnesium complexes allowed the isolation of Mg-coordinated formally mono- and di-reduced products of [Cp*Fe(η5 -P5 )]. To obtain the first examples of molecular calcium-polyphosphides, a molecular calcium hydride complex was used to reduce the aromatic cyclo-P5 ring of [Cp*Fe(η5 -P5 )]. The Ca-Fe-polyphosphide is also characterized by quantum chemical calculations and compared with the corresponding Mg complex. Moreover, a calcium coordinated Zintl ion (P7 )3- was obtained by molecular calcium hydride mediated P4 reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Yadav
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Engesserstraße 1576131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Martin Weber
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of RegensburgUniversitätsstrasse 3193040RegensburgGermany).
| | - Akhil K. Singh
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Engesserstraße 1576131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Luca Münzfeld
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Engesserstraße 1576131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Johannes Gramüller
- Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of RegensburgUniversitätsstrasse 3193040RegensburgGermany
| | - Ruth M. Gschwind
- Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of RegensburgUniversitätsstrasse 3193040RegensburgGermany
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of RegensburgUniversitätsstrasse 3193040RegensburgGermany).
| | - Peter W. Roesky
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Engesserstraße 1576131KarlsruheGermany
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4
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Wu C, Jing L, Deng J, Liu Y, Li S, Lv S, Sun Y, Zhang Q, Dai H. Elemental red phosphorus-based photocatalysts for environmental remediation: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 274:129793. [PMID: 33548646 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The low-cost and environmentally benign elemental red phosphorus (RP) is a new class of photocatalysts with tunable bandgaps (ca. 1.5-2.4 eV) and has a strong visible-light response. It has been considered as a promising metal-free photocatalyst for solving the energy crisis and environmental problems. Unfortunately, due to the low-charge carrier mobility, and serve charge trapping effects, its photocatalytic activity is still restricted in comparison with the traditional compound photocatalysts. Considerable efforts, such as morphology modification, cocatalysts addition, heterostructure construction, charge trapping mitigation, have been conducted to improve the photocatalytic activity of the RP photocatalysts. In this review, the physical and chemical properties and the synthetic strategies of the RP photocatalysts were summarized along with the application in environmental remediation accompanied by the photocatalytic reaction mechanism. Finally, an overview and outlook on the problems and future avenues in designing and constructing advanced RP photocatalysts were also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiao Wu
- College of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Jing
- College of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China.
| | - Jiguang Deng
- College of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxi Liu
- College of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang Li
- College of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Sijie Lv
- College of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yajie Sun
- College of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Qichao Zhang
- College of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Hongxing Dai
- College of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
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5
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Sarkar D, Weetman C, Munz D, Inoue S. Reversible Activation and Transfer of White Phosphorus by Silyl-Stannylene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:3519-3523. [PMID: 33155395 PMCID: PMC7898380 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202013423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Use of a silyl supported stannylene (Mes TerSn(Sit Bu3 ) [Mes Ter=2,6-(2,4,6-Me3 C6 H2 )2 C6 H3 ] enables activation of white phosphorus under mild conditions, which is reversible under UV light. The reaction of a silylene chloride with the activated P4 complex results in facile P-atom transfer. The computational analysis rationalizes the electronic features and high reactivity of the heteroleptic silyl-substituted stannylene in contrast to the previously reported bis(aryl)stannylene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debotra Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, WACKER-Institute of Silicon Chemistry and Catalysis Research CenterTechnische Universität MünchenLichtenbergstraße 485748GarchingGermany
| | - Catherine Weetman
- Department of Chemistry, WACKER-Institute of Silicon Chemistry and Catalysis Research CenterTechnische Universität MünchenLichtenbergstraße 485748GarchingGermany
- Department of Pure and Applied ChemistryUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgowG1 1XLUK
| | - Dominik Munz
- Department of Chemistry and PharmacyGeneral and Inorganic ChemistryFriedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU)Egerlandstraße 191058ErlangenGermany
- Inorganic Chemistry: Coordination ChemistrySaarland University, Geb. C4.166123SaarbrückenGermany
| | - Shigeyoshi Inoue
- Department of Chemistry, WACKER-Institute of Silicon Chemistry and Catalysis Research CenterTechnische Universität MünchenLichtenbergstraße 485748GarchingGermany
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6
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Sarkar D, Weetman C, Munz D, Inoue S. Reversible Activation and Transfer of White Phosphorus by Silyl‐Stannylene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202013423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Debotra Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, WACKER-Institute of Silicon Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center Technische Universität München Lichtenbergstraße 4 85748 Garching Germany
| | - Catherine Weetman
- Department of Chemistry, WACKER-Institute of Silicon Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center Technische Universität München Lichtenbergstraße 4 85748 Garching Germany
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry University of Strathclyde Glasgow G1 1XL UK
| | - Dominik Munz
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy General and Inorganic Chemistry Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU) Egerlandstraße 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Inorganic Chemistry: Coordination Chemistry Saarland University, Geb. C4.1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Shigeyoshi Inoue
- Department of Chemistry, WACKER-Institute of Silicon Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center Technische Universität München Lichtenbergstraße 4 85748 Garching Germany
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7
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Luo G, Du S, Wang P, Liu F, Zhang WX, Luo Y. Fragmentation Mechanism of White Phosphorus: A Theoretical Insight into Multiple Cleavage/Formation of P-P and P-C Bonds. Chemistry 2020; 26:13282-13287. [PMID: 32652596 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Molecular-level understanding of metal-mediated white phosphorus (P4 ) activation is meaningful but challenging because of its direct relevance to the conversion of P4 into useful organophosphorus compounds as well as the complicated and unforeseeable cleavage process of P-P bonds. The related study, however, has still rarely been achieved to date. Here, a theoretical insight into the step-by-step process of three P-P bond cleavage/four P-C bond formation for [P3 +P1 ]-fragmentation of P4 mediated by lutetacyclopentadienes is reported. The unique charge-separated intermediate and the intermolecular cooperation between two lutetacyclopentadienes play a vital role in the subsequent P-P/P-C bond breaking/forming. It is found that, although the first P-C formation is involved in the assembly of the cyclo-P3 [R4 C4 P3 ]- unit, the construction of the aromatic five-membered P1 heterocycle [R4 C4 P]- is completed prior to the cyclo-P3 formation. The reaction mechanism has been carefully elucidated by analyses of the geometric structure, frontier molecular orbitals, bond index, and natural charge, which greatly broaden and enrich the general knowledge of the direct functionalization of P4 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Gen Luo
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, P.R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P.R. China
| | - Shanshan Du
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P.R. China
| | - Pan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P.R. China
| | - Fan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Xiong Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P.R. China
| | - Yi Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P.R. China
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8
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Du S, Yin J, Chi Y, Xu L, Zhang WX. Dual Functionalization of White Phosphorus: Formation, Characterization, and Reactivity of Rare-Earth-Metal Cyclo
-P3
Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:15886-15890. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201708897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Du
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS); Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Peking University; Beijing 100871 China
| | - Jianhao Yin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS); Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Peking University; Beijing 100871 China
| | - Yue Chi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS); Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Peking University; Beijing 100871 China
| | - Ling Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS); Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Peking University; Beijing 100871 China
| | - Wen-Xiong Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS); Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Peking University; Beijing 100871 China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
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9
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Du S, Yin J, Chi Y, Xu L, Zhang WX. Dual Functionalization of White Phosphorus: Formation, Characterization, and Reactivity of Rare-Earth-Metal Cyclo
-P3
Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201708897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Du
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS); Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Peking University; Beijing 100871 China
| | - Jianhao Yin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS); Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Peking University; Beijing 100871 China
| | - Yue Chi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS); Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Peking University; Beijing 100871 China
| | - Ling Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS); Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Peking University; Beijing 100871 China
| | - Wen-Xiong Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS); Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Peking University; Beijing 100871 China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
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10
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Borger JE, Ehlers AW, Slootweg JC, Lammertsma K. Functionalization of P 4 through Direct P-C Bond Formation. Chemistry 2017; 23:11738-11746. [PMID: 28497639 PMCID: PMC5655700 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201702067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Research on chlorine-free conversions of P4 into organophosphorus compounds (OPCs) has a long track record, but methods that allow desirable, direct P-C bond formations have only recently emerged. These include the use of metal organyls, carbenes, carboradicals, and photochemical approaches. The versatile product scope enables the preparation of both industrially relevant organophosphorus compounds, as well as a broad range of intriguing new compound classes. Herein we provide a concise overview of recent breakthroughs and outline the acquired fundamental insights to aid future developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaap E. Borger
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesVrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 10831081 HVAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Andreas W. Ehlers
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesVrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 10831081 HVAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of JohannesburgAuckland ParkJohannesburg2006South Africa
- Current address: Van “t Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamScience Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - J. Chris Slootweg
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesVrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 10831081 HVAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Current address: Van “t Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamScience Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Koop Lammertsma
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesVrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 10831081 HVAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of JohannesburgAuckland ParkJohannesburg2006South Africa
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11
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Hennersdorf F, Weigand JJ. A Tetracyclic Octaphosphane by Successive Addition, Inversion, and Condensation Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201703953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Hennersdorf
- Professur für Anorganische Molekülchemie; Technische Universität Dresden; 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Jan J. Weigand
- Professur für Anorganische Molekülchemie; Technische Universität Dresden; 01062 Dresden Germany
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12
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Tuscher L, Helling C, Ganesamoorthy C, Krüger J, Wölper C, Frank W, Nizovtsev AS, Schulz S. Synthesis, Structure, and Reactivity of Ga-Substituted Distibenes and Sb-Analogues of Bicyclo[1.1.0]butane. Chemistry 2017; 23:12297-12304. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201701248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lars Tuscher
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for NanoIntegration (CENIDE); University of Duisburg-Essen; Universitätsstr. 5-7, S07 S03 C30 45117 Essen Germany
| | - Christoph Helling
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for NanoIntegration (CENIDE); University of Duisburg-Essen; Universitätsstr. 5-7, S07 S03 C30 45117 Essen Germany
| | - Chelladurai Ganesamoorthy
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for NanoIntegration (CENIDE); University of Duisburg-Essen; Universitätsstr. 5-7, S07 S03 C30 45117 Essen Germany
| | - Julia Krüger
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for NanoIntegration (CENIDE); University of Duisburg-Essen; Universitätsstr. 5-7, S07 S03 C30 45117 Essen Germany
| | - Christoph Wölper
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for NanoIntegration (CENIDE); University of Duisburg-Essen; Universitätsstr. 5-7, S07 S03 C30 45117 Essen Germany
| | - Walter Frank
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry and Structural Chemistry; University of Düsseldorf; Universitätsstrasse 1 40225 Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Anton S. Nizovtsev
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Academician Lavrentiev Avenue 3 630090 Novosibirsk Russian Federation
- Novosibirsk State University; Pirogova Street 2 630090 Novosibirsk Russian Federation
| | - Stephan Schulz
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for NanoIntegration (CENIDE); University of Duisburg-Essen; Universitätsstr. 5-7, S07 S03 C30 45117 Essen Germany
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13
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Hennersdorf F, Weigand JJ. A Tetracyclic Octaphosphane by Successive Addition, Inversion, and Condensation Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:7858-7862. [PMID: 28475263 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201703953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
An example of an octaphosphane of type R2 P8 (R=(DDP)Ga) was isolated by treatment of cage compound (DDP)GaP4 (2, DDP=(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)(4-((2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imino)pent-2-en-2-yl)amide) with (C6 F5 )2 PBr. The initially formed endo-exo butterfly shaped pentaphosphane 7 rapidly rearranges to the more stable exo-exo isomer 8, which undergoes dimerization to decaphosphane 11. Compound 11 unexpectedly eliminates tetraaryldiphosphane 13 to give tetracyclo[3.3.0.02,7 .04,6 ]octaphosphane [(DDP)GaBr]2 P8 (12). The reaction steps were confirmed by crystal structure analysis of the key intermediates and supported by kinetic studies using NMR techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Hennersdorf
- Professur für Anorganische Molekülchemie, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jan J Weigand
- Professur für Anorganische Molekülchemie, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
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14
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Borger JE, Jongkind MK, Ehlers AW, Lutz M, Slootweg JC, Lammertsma K. Metalate-Mediated Functionalization of P 4 by Trapping Anionic [Cp*Fe(CO) 2(η 1-P 4)] - with Lewis Acids. ChemistryOpen 2017; 6:350-353. [PMID: 28638766 PMCID: PMC5474660 DOI: 10.1002/open.201700027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of selective functionalization strategies of white phosphorus (P4) is important to avoid the current chlorinated intermediates. The use of transition metals (TMs) could lead to catalytic procedures, but these are severely hampered by the high reactivity and unpredictable nature of the tetrahedron. Herein, we report selective first steps by reacting P4 with a metal anion [Cp*Fe(CO)2]- (Cp*=C5(CH3)5), which, in the presence of bulky Lewis acids (LA; B(C6F5)3 or BPh3), leads to unique TM-substituted LA-stabilized bicyclo[1.1.0]tetraphosphabutanide anions [Cp*Fe(CO)2(η1-P4⋅LA)]-. Their P-nucleophilic site can be subsequently protonated to afford the transient LA-free neutral butterflies exo,endo- and exo,exo-Cp*Fe- (CO)2(η1-P4H), allowing controllable stepwise metalate-mediated functionalization of P4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaap E. Borger
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesVrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 10831081 HVAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Maarten K. Jongkind
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesVrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 10831081 HVAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Andreas W. Ehlers
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesVrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 10831081 HVAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Johannesburg, Auckland ParkJohannesburg2006South Africa
- Van “t Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamScience Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Martin Lutz
- Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular ResearchUtrecht UniversityPadualaan 83584 CHUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - J. Chris Slootweg
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesVrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 10831081 HVAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Van “t Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamScience Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Koop Lammertsma
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesVrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 10831081 HVAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Johannesburg, Auckland ParkJohannesburg2006South Africa
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15
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Ganesamoorthy C, Krüger J, Wölper C, Nizovtsev AS, Schulz S. Reduction of [Cp*Sb] 4 with Subvalent Main-Group Metal Reductants: Syntheses and Structures of [(L 1 Mg) 4 (Sb 4 )] and [(L 2 Ga) 2 (Sb 4 )] Containing Edge-Missing Sb 4 Units. Chemistry 2017; 23:2461-2468. [PMID: 27921335 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201605547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
[Cp*Sb]4 (Cp*=C5 Me5 ) reacts with [L1 Mg]2 and L2 Ga with formation of [(L1 Mg)4 (μ4 ,η1:2:2:2 -Sb4 )] (L1 =iPr2 NC[N(2,6-iPr2 C6 H3 )]2 , 1) and [(L2 Ga)2 (μ,η2:2 -Sb4 )] (L2 =HC[C(Me)N(2,6-iPr2 C6 H3 )]2 , 2). The cleavage of the Sb-Sb and Sb-C bonds in [Cp*Sb]4 are the crucial steps in both reactions. The formation of 1 occurred by elimination of the Cp* anion and formation of Cp*MgL1 , while 2 was formed by reductive elimination of Cp*2 and oxidative addition of L2 Ga to the Sb4 unit. 1 and 2 were characterized by heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and their bonding situation was studied by quantum chemical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelladurai Ganesamoorthy
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for NanoIntegration (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5-7, S07 S03 C30, 45117, Essen, Germany
| | - Julia Krüger
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for NanoIntegration (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5-7, S07 S03 C30, 45117, Essen, Germany
| | - Christoph Wölper
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for NanoIntegration (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5-7, S07 S03 C30, 45117, Essen, Germany
| | - Anton S Nizovtsev
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Academician Lavrentiev Avenue 3, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation.,Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Street 2, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Stephan Schulz
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for NanoIntegration (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5-7, S07 S03 C30, 45117, Essen, Germany
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16
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Regnier V, Planet Y, Moore CE, Pecaut J, Philouze C, Martin D. Stable Di- and Tri-coordinated Carbon(II) Supported by an Electron-Rich β-Diketiminate Ligand. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 56:1031-1035. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201610798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vianney Regnier
- UMR CNRS 5250; Département de Chimie Moléculaire; Université Grenoble-Alpes; B. P. 53 38041 Grenoble France
| | - Yoan Planet
- UMR CNRS 5250; Département de Chimie Moléculaire; Université Grenoble-Alpes; B. P. 53 38041 Grenoble France
| | | | - Jacques Pecaut
- CEA; DRF-INAC-SyMMES; 17 Rue des Martyrs 38054 Grenoble France
| | - Christian Philouze
- UMR CNRS 5250; Département de Chimie Moléculaire; Université Grenoble-Alpes; B. P. 53 38041 Grenoble France
| | - David Martin
- UMR CNRS 5250; Département de Chimie Moléculaire; Université Grenoble-Alpes; B. P. 53 38041 Grenoble France
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17
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Regnier V, Planet Y, Moore CE, Pecaut J, Philouze C, Martin D. Stable Di- and Tri-coordinated Carbon(II) Supported by an Electron-Rich β-Diketiminate Ligand. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201610798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vianney Regnier
- UMR CNRS 5250; Département de Chimie Moléculaire; Université Grenoble-Alpes; B. P. 53 38041 Grenoble France
| | - Yoan Planet
- UMR CNRS 5250; Département de Chimie Moléculaire; Université Grenoble-Alpes; B. P. 53 38041 Grenoble France
| | | | - Jacques Pecaut
- CEA; DRF-INAC-SyMMES; 17 Rue des Martyrs 38054 Grenoble France
| | - Christian Philouze
- UMR CNRS 5250; Département de Chimie Moléculaire; Université Grenoble-Alpes; B. P. 53 38041 Grenoble France
| | - David Martin
- UMR CNRS 5250; Département de Chimie Moléculaire; Université Grenoble-Alpes; B. P. 53 38041 Grenoble France
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18
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Hu Z, Yuan L, Liu Z, Shen Z, Yu JC. An Elemental Phosphorus Photocatalyst with a Record High Hydrogen Evolution Efficiency. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:9580-5. [PMID: 27145537 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201603331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Semiconductive property of elementary substance is an interesting and attractive phenomenon. We obtain a breakthrough that fibrous phase red phosphorus, a recent discovered modification of red phosphorus by Ruck et al., can work as a semiconductor photocatalyst for visible-light-driven hydrogen (H2 ) evolution. Small sized fibrous phosphorus is obtained by 1) loading it on photoinactive SiO2 fibers or by 2) smashing it ultrasonically. They display the steady hydrogen evolution rates of 633 μmol h(-1) g(-1) and 684 μmol h(-1) g(-1) , respectively. These values are much higher than previous amorphous P (0.6 μmol h(-1) g(-1) ) and Hittorf P (1.6 μmol h(-1) g(-1) ). Moreover, they are the highest records in the family of elemental photocatalysts to date. This discovery is helpful for further understanding the semiconductive property of elementary substance. It is also favorable for the development of elemental photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuofeng Hu
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China.,Shenzhen research institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Luyan Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhifeng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhurui Shen
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China. .,Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China. .,Shenzhen research institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Jimmy C Yu
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China. .,Shenzhen research institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China.
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19
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Hu Z, Yuan L, Liu Z, Shen Z, Yu JC. An Elemental Phosphorus Photocatalyst with a Record High Hydrogen Evolution Efficiency. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201603331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuofeng Hu
- Department of Chemistry; The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories; Hong Kong China
- Shenzhen research institute; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Shenzhen China
| | - Luyan Yuan
- Department of Chemistry; The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories; Hong Kong China
| | - Zhifeng Liu
- Department of Chemistry; The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories; Hong Kong China
| | - Zhurui Shen
- Department of Chemistry; The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories; Hong Kong China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 China
- Shenzhen research institute; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Shenzhen China
| | - Jimmy C. Yu
- Department of Chemistry; The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories; Hong Kong China
- Shenzhen research institute; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Shenzhen China
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20
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Ganesamoorthy C, Wölper C, Nizovtsev AS, Schulz S. Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Magnesium-Substituted Polystibides [(LMg)4
Sb8
]. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201510504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chelladurai Ganesamoorthy
- Faculty of Chemistry; University of Duisburg-Essen; Universitätsstrasse 5-7, S07 S03 C30 45117 Essen Germany
| | - Christoph Wölper
- Faculty of Chemistry; University of Duisburg-Essen; Universitätsstrasse 5-7, S07 S03 C30 45117 Essen Germany
| | - Anton S. Nizovtsev
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Academician Lavrentiev Avenue 3 630090 Novosibirsk Russian Federation
- Novosibirsk State University; Pirogova Street 2 630090 Novosibirsk Russian Federation
| | - Stephan Schulz
- Faculty of Chemistry; University of Duisburg-Essen; Universitätsstrasse 5-7, S07 S03 C30 45117 Essen Germany
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21
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Ganesamoorthy C, Wölper C, Nizovtsev AS, Schulz S. Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Magnesium-Substituted Polystibides [(LMg)4
Sb8
]. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:4204-9. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201510504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Revised: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chelladurai Ganesamoorthy
- Faculty of Chemistry; University of Duisburg-Essen; Universitätsstrasse 5-7, S07 S03 C30 45117 Essen Germany
| | - Christoph Wölper
- Faculty of Chemistry; University of Duisburg-Essen; Universitätsstrasse 5-7, S07 S03 C30 45117 Essen Germany
| | - Anton S. Nizovtsev
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Academician Lavrentiev Avenue 3 630090 Novosibirsk Russian Federation
- Novosibirsk State University; Pirogova Street 2 630090 Novosibirsk Russian Federation
| | - Stephan Schulz
- Faculty of Chemistry; University of Duisburg-Essen; Universitätsstrasse 5-7, S07 S03 C30 45117 Essen Germany
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22
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Borger JE, Ehlers AW, Lutz M, Slootweg JC, Lammertsma K. Stabilization and Transfer of the Transient [Mes*P4
]−
Butterfly Anion Using BPh3. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201508916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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23
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Borger JE, Ehlers AW, Lutz M, Slootweg JC, Lammertsma K. Stabilization and Transfer of the Transient [Mes*P4](-) Butterfly Anion Using BPh3. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 55:613-7. [PMID: 26610405 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201508916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The transient bicyclo[1.1.0]tetraphosphabutane anion, generated from white phosphorus (P4) and Mes*Li (Mes*=2,4,6-tBu3C6H2), can be trapped by BPh3 in THF. This Lewis acid stabilized anion can be used as an [RP4](-) transfer agent, reacting cleanly with neutral Lewis acids (B(C6F5)3, BH3, and W(CO)5) to afford unique singly and doubly coordinated butterfly anions, and with the trityl cation to form a neutral, nonsymmetrical, all-carbon-substituted P4 derivative. This reaction path enables a simple, stepwise functionalization of white phosphorus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaap E Borger
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam (The Netherlands)
| | - Andreas W Ehlers
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam (The Netherlands)
| | - Martin Lutz
- Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht (The Netherlands)
| | - J Chris Slootweg
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam (The Netherlands)
| | - Koop Lammertsma
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam (The Netherlands).
- Department of Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Johannesburg, 2006 (South Africa).
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24
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Rochat R, Lopez MJ, Tsurugi H, Mashima K. Recent Developments in Homogeneous Organomagnesium Catalysis. ChemCatChem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201500853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raphaël Rochat
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University and CREST, JST Toyonaka Osaka 560-8531 Japan
| | - Michael J. Lopez
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University and CREST, JST Toyonaka Osaka 560-8531 Japan
| | - Hayato Tsurugi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University and CREST, JST Toyonaka Osaka 560-8531 Japan
| | - Kazushi Mashima
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University and CREST, JST Toyonaka Osaka 560-8531 Japan
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