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Vinyl and Alkynyl Triazenes: Synthesis, Reactivity, and Applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202011031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Wang C, Lai Z, Xie H, Cui S. Triazenyl Alkynes as Versatile Building Blocks in Multicomponent Reactions: Diastereoselective Synthesis of β‐Amino Amides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202014686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chaorong Wang
- Institute of Drug Discovery and Design College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Zhejiang University 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058 Zhejiang Province China
| | - Zhencheng Lai
- Institute of Drug Discovery and Design College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Zhejiang University 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058 Zhejiang Province China
| | - Hujun Xie
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology Zhejiang Gongshang University 18 Xuezheng Street, Xiasha Higher Education Campus, Hangzhou 310018 Zhejiang Province China
| | - Sunliang Cui
- Institute of Drug Discovery and Design College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Zhejiang University 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058 Zhejiang Province China
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences China
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Wang C, Lai Z, Xie H, Cui S. Triazenyl Alkynes as Versatile Building Blocks in Multicomponent Reactions: Diastereoselective Synthesis of β-Amino Amides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:5147-5151. [PMID: 33289272 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202014686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Multicomponent reactions (MCRs) are powerful tool for the construction of polyfunctional molecules in an operationally simple and atom-economic manner, and the discovery of novel MCRs requests various building blocks. Herein, triazenyl alkynes were disclosed as versatile building blocks in a multicomponent reaction with carboxylic acids, aldehydes and anilines to furnish β-amino amides with the achievement of high diastereoselectivity and structural diversity. In this process, triazenyl alkynes were bifunctional so that the alkyne moiety acts as C2 fragment and triazene serves as directing group to modulate the transition state thus achieving high diastereoselectivity, in consistence with DFT calculations. Furthermore, the triazenyl group also enables diverse late-stage transformation. This protocol opens a new vision for the discovery of building block and rational design of MCRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaorong Wang
- Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhencheng Lai
- Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hujun Xie
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, 18 Xuezheng Street, Xiasha Higher Education Campus, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Sunliang Cui
- Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
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Suleymanov AA, Severin K. Vinyl and Alkynyl Triazenes: Synthesis, Reactivity, and Applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:6879-6889. [PMID: 33142011 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202011031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Aromatic compounds containing triazenyl groups (N3 RR') have a profound impact on synthetic organic and medicinal chemistry. In contrast, the chemistry of vinyl and alkynyl triazenes was a largely uncharted territory until recently. The situation has changed over the last five years, and it has become apparent that vinyl and alkynyl triazenes are highly interesting compounds with a unique reactivity. The electron-donating properties of the triazenyl group provide alkynyl triazenes with an ynamide-like reactivity, which can be exploited in reactions of the triple bond. Vinyl triazenes, on the other hand, can be used for electrophilic vinylation reactions. The foundation for this new triazene chemistry are synthetic pathways which allow preparing vinyl and alkynyl triazenes in few steps from readily available starting materials. In this Minireview, we summarize recent developments in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdusalom A Suleymanov
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kay Severin
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Bormann CT, Abela FG, Scopelliti R, Fadaei-Tirani F, Severin K. Synthesis of Indenyl Triazenes by Rhodium-Catalyzed Annulation Reactions. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Carl T. Bormann
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL); Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques; 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Florian G. Abela
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL); Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques; 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Rosario Scopelliti
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL); Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques; 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Farzaneh Fadaei-Tirani
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL); Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques; 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Kay Severin
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL); Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques; 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
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Suleymanov AA, Doll M, Ruggi A, Scopelliti R, Fadaei‐Tirani F, Severin K. Synthesis of Tetraarylethene Luminogens by C−H Vinylation of Aromatic Compounds with Triazenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201908755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdusalom A. Suleymanov
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie ChimiquesEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Martin Doll
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie ChimiquesEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Albert Ruggi
- Département de ChimieUniversité de Fribourg 1700 Fribourg Switzerland
| | - Rosario Scopelliti
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie ChimiquesEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Farzaneh Fadaei‐Tirani
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie ChimiquesEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Kay Severin
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie ChimiquesEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
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Suleymanov AA, Doll M, Ruggi A, Scopelliti R, Fadaei‐Tirani F, Severin K. Synthesis of Tetraarylethene Luminogens by C−H Vinylation of Aromatic Compounds with Triazenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 59:9957-9961. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201908755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdusalom A. Suleymanov
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie ChimiquesEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Martin Doll
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie ChimiquesEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Albert Ruggi
- Département de ChimieUniversité de Fribourg 1700 Fribourg Switzerland
| | - Rosario Scopelliti
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie ChimiquesEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Farzaneh Fadaei‐Tirani
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie ChimiquesEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Kay Severin
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie ChimiquesEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
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Suleymanov AA, Scopelliti R, Tirani FF, Severin K. Synthesis of Vinyl Triazenes by Palladium‐Catalyzed Addition Reactions to Alkynyl Triazenes. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201800984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdusalom A. Suleymanov
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie ChimiquesEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Rosario Scopelliti
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie ChimiquesEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Farzaneh Fadaei Tirani
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie ChimiquesEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Kay Severin
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie ChimiquesEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
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Michinobu T, Diederich F. The [2+2] Cycloaddition-Retroelectrocyclization (CA-RE) Click Reaction: Facile Access to Molecular and Polymeric Push-Pull Chromophores. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:3552-3577. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201711605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Michinobu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Tokyo Institute of Technology; 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 1 52-8552 Japan
| | - François Diederich
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie; ETH Zurich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zurich Switzerland
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Michinobu T, Diederich F. Die [2+2]-Cycloadditions-Retroelektrocyclisierungs(CA-RE)-Klick-Reaktion: ein einfacher Zugang zu molekularen und polymeren Push-pull-Chromophoren. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201711605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Michinobu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Tokyo Institute of Technology; 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8552 Japan
| | - François Diederich
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie; ETH-Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Schweiz
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Poddar M, Misra R. NIR-Absorbing Donor-Acceptor Based 1,1,4,4-Tetracyanobuta-1,3-Diene (TCBD)- and Cyclohexa-2,5-Diene-1,4-Ylidene-Expanded TCBD-Substituted Ferrocenyl Phenothiazines. Chem Asian J 2017; 12:2908-2915. [PMID: 28901716 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201700879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A series of unsymmetrical (D-A-D1 , D1 -π-D-A-D1 , and D1 -A1 -D-A2 -D1 ; A=acceptor, D=donor) and symmetrical (D1 -A-D-A-D1 ) phenothiazines (4 b, 4 c, 4 c', 5 b, 5 c, 5 d, 5 d', 5 e, 5 e', 5 f, and 5 f') were designed and synthesized by a [2+2] cycloaddition-electrocyclic ring-opening reaction of ferrocenyl-substituted phenothiazines with tetracyanoethylene (TCNE) and 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ). The photophysical, electrochemical, and computational studies show a strong charge-transfer (CT) interaction in the phenothiazine derivatives that can be tuned by varying the number of TCNE/TCNQ acceptors. Phenothiazines 4 b, 4 c, 4 c', 5 b, 5 c, 5 d, 5 d', 5 e, 5 e', 5 f and 5 f' show redshifted absorption in the λ=400 to 900 nm region, as a result of a low HOMO-LUMO gap, which is supported by TD-DFT calculations. The electrochemical study exhibits reduction waves at low potential due to strong 1,1,4,4-tetracyanobuta-1,3-diene (TCBD) and cyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-ylidene-expanded TCBD acceptors. The incorporation of cyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-ylidene-expanded TCBD stabilized the LUMO energy level to a greater extent than TCBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhurima Poddar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, 453552, India
| | - Rajneesh Misra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, 453552, India
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12
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Kossler D, Perrin FG, Suleymanov AA, Kiefer G, Scopelliti R, Severin K, Cramer N. Divergent Asymmetric Synthesis of Polycyclic Compounds via Vinyl Triazenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201706013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Kossler
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering (ISIC); École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL); CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Florian G. Perrin
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering (ISIC); École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL); CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Abdusalom A. Suleymanov
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering (ISIC); École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL); CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Gregor Kiefer
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering (ISIC); École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL); CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Rosario Scopelliti
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering (ISIC); École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL); CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Kay Severin
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering (ISIC); École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL); CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Nicolai Cramer
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering (ISIC); École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL); CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
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13
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Kossler D, Perrin FG, Suleymanov AA, Kiefer G, Scopelliti R, Severin K, Cramer N. Divergent Asymmetric Synthesis of Polycyclic Compounds via Vinyl Triazenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:11490-11493. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201706013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Kossler
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering (ISIC); École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL); CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Florian G. Perrin
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering (ISIC); École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL); CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Abdusalom A. Suleymanov
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering (ISIC); École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL); CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Gregor Kiefer
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering (ISIC); École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL); CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Rosario Scopelliti
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering (ISIC); École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL); CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Kay Severin
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering (ISIC); École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL); CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Nicolai Cramer
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering (ISIC); École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL); CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
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Betou M, Durand RJ, Sallustrau DA, Gousset C, Le Coz E, Leroux YR, Toupet DL, Trzop E, Roisnel T, Trolez Y. Reactivity of Functionalized Ynamides with Tetracyanoethylene: Scope, Limitations and Optoelectronic Properties of the Adducts. Chem Asian J 2017; 12:1338-1346. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201700353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Betou
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes; UMR 6226; CNRS; Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes; Université de Rennes 1; 35708 Rennes Cedex France
| | - Raphaël J. Durand
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes; UMR 6226; CNRS; Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes; Université de Rennes 1; 35708 Rennes Cedex France
| | - Dr Antoine Sallustrau
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes; UMR 6226; CNRS; Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes; Université de Rennes 1; 35708 Rennes Cedex France
| | - Claire Gousset
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes; UMR 6226; CNRS; Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes; Université de Rennes 1; 35708 Rennes Cedex France
| | - Erwann Le Coz
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes; UMR 6226; CNRS; Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes; Université de Rennes 1; 35708 Rennes Cedex France
| | - Yann R. Leroux
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes; UMR 6226; CNRS; Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes; Université de Rennes 1; 35708 Rennes Cedex France
| | - Dr Loïc Toupet
- Institut de Physique de Rennes; CNRS; UMR 6251; Université de Rennes 1; 263 avenue du Général Leclerc 35042 Rennes Cedex France
| | - Elzbieta Trzop
- Institut de Physique de Rennes; CNRS; UMR 6251; Université de Rennes 1; 263 avenue du Général Leclerc 35042 Rennes Cedex France
| | - Thierry Roisnel
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes; UMR 6226; CNRS; Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes; Université de Rennes 1; 35708 Rennes Cedex France
| | - Yann Trolez
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes; UMR 6226; CNRS; Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes; Université de Rennes 1; 35708 Rennes Cedex France
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15
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Rassadin VA, Six Y. Ring-opening, cycloaddition and rearrangement reactions of nitrogen-substituted cyclopropane derivatives. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Racine S, Hegedüs B, Scopelliti R, Waser J. Divergent Reactivity of Thioalkynes in Lewis Acid Catalyzed Annulations with Donor-Acceptor Cyclopropanes. Chemistry 2016; 22:11997-2001. [PMID: 27431096 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Efficient methods for the convergent synthesis of (poly)cyclic scaffolds are urgently needed in synthetic and medicinal chemistry. Herein, we describe new annulation reactions of thioalkynes with phthalimide-substituted donor-acceptor cyclopropanes, which gave access to highly substituted cyclopentenes and polycyclic ring systems. With silyl-thioalkynes, the Lewis acid catalyzed [3+2] annulation reaction with donor-acceptor cyclopropanes took place to afford 1-thio-cyclopenten-3-amines. On the other hand, an unprecedented polycyclic compound was formed with alkyl-thioalkynes through a reaction pathway directly involving the phthalimide group. The two transformations proceeded in good yields and tolerated a large variety of functional groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Racine
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC LCSO, BCH 4306, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bence Hegedüs
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC LCSO, BCH 4306, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rosario Scopelliti
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC LCSO, BCH 4306, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jérôme Waser
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC LCSO, BCH 4306, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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