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Qiao T, Li P, Dong N. A fluorescent sensor array based on a single cucurbit[5]uril-truxene probe for simultaneous identification of five heavy metal ions. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:4168-4177. [PMID: 38874267 DOI: 10.1039/d4ay00741g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
There is a need to develop simple and effective strategies for the rapid detection of heavy metal ions (HMIs) in order to protect the environment and human health. A simple fluorescent sensor array based on a single cucurbit[5]uril-truxene probe was proposed to simultaneously identify five HMIs (Pb2+, Cu2+, Ag+, Fe2+ and Fe3+). This probe was synthesized using monohydroxyl cucurbit[5]uril and monobromohexyl truxene by a substitution reaction between them. It could be observed that the fluorescence response of this synthesized probe to HMIs was closely related to the pH of the aqueous solution, exhibiting different fluorescence intensities at pH 3.0, 7.0, and 9.0. Based on this phenomenon, a fluorescent sensor array based on a single cucurbit[5]uril-truxene probe was then constructed by simply altering the pH in the sensor element. These unique fluorescence responses were analyzed using linear discriminant analysis (LDA) to identify metal ions. A concentration limit classification of 0.1 μM was applied to the above five HMIs. Moreover, the quantification of metal ions was implemented even at low concentrations of 48-121 nM. This array showed good results in the recognition of metal ions in real water samples (lake water and tap water samples), which shows its broad application prospects in many fields, including monitoring of the environmental water quality and so on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingyi Qiao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Pei Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Nan Dong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550025, China
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Górski K, Mech-Piskorz J, Pietraszkiewicz M. From truxenes to heterotruxenes: playing with heteroatoms and the symmetry of molecules. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj00816e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
As a result of the modification of truxene, we can change the electronic structure or create multidimensional materials. Thus, the use of truxenes is very wide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Górski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Justyna Mech-Piskorz
- Institute of Physical Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Marek Pietraszkiewicz
- Institute of Physical Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warszawa, Poland
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Yang X, Rominger F, Mastalerz M. Contorted Heteroannulated Tetraareno[a,d,j,m]coronenes. Chemistry 2021; 27:14345-14352. [PMID: 34374459 PMCID: PMC8596641 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Fused polycyclic aromatic compounds are interesting materials for organic electronics applications. To fine-tune photophysical or electrochemical properties, either various substituents can be attached or heteroatoms (such as N or S) can be incorporated into the fused aromatic backbone. Coronenes and heterocoronenes are promising compounds in this respect. Up until now, the possibilities for varying the attached fused heteroaromatics at the coronene core were quite limited, and realizing both electron-withdrawing and -donating rings at the same time was very difficult. Here, a series of pyridine, anisole and thiophene annulated tetraareno[a,d,j,m]coronenes has been synthesized by a facile two-step route that is a combination of Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling and a following cyclization step, starting from three different diarenoperylene dibromides. The contorted molecular π-planes of the obtained cata-condensed tetraarenocoronenes were analyzed by single-crystal X-ray crystallography, and the photophysical and electrochemical properties were systematically investigated by UV/Vis spectroscopy and cyclovoltammetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Yang
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Mastalerz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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Kirschbaum T, Rominger F, Mastalerz M. An Isosteric Triaza Analogue of a Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Monkey Saddle. Chemistry 2020; 26:14560-14564. [PMID: 32539193 PMCID: PMC7756504 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Since a few years, the interest in negatively-curved fused polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has significantly increased. Recently, the first chiral negatively-curved PAH with the topology of a monkey saddle was introduced. Herein the synthesis of its triaza congener is reported. The influence of this CH↔N exchange on photophysical and electrochemical properties is studied as well as the isomerization process of the enantiomers. The aza analogue has a significantly higher inversion barrier, which makes it easier to handle at room temperature. All experimental results are underpinned by theoretical DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Kirschbaum
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Mastalerz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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Voci S, Verlhac JB, Polo F, Clermont G, Daniel J, Castet F, Blanchard-Desce M, Sojic N. Photophysics, Electrochemistry and Efficient Electrochemiluminescence of Trigonal Truxene-Core Dyes. Chemistry 2020; 26:8407-8416. [PMID: 32430923 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We synthesized and characterized a series of dyes built from a spirofluorene or truxene core. The quadrupolar spirofluorene system is the initial building unit for the design and preparation of more complex star-shaped dyes consisting of a truxene core bearing three di- or triphenylamine moieties with or without a thiophene connector. Their photophysical, electrochemical, and electrochemiluminescence (ECL) properties were first investigated in solution. Structure/activity relationships were derived and rationalized by comparing the quadrupolar system and trigonal truxene-core derivatives using computational studies. The photophysical and redox characteristics are drastically tuned by the introduction of a thiophene bridge and electron-donor substituents at their terminal branches. These comparative studies show the essential role of the stability of both radical cations and anions to obtain efficient ECL dyes. The stabilization of the radicals is directly related to the charge delocalization due to the π-conjugation by the thiophene bridge. The brightest ECL is achieved by annihilation and coreactant (benzoyl peroxide) pathways with the blue-emitting truxene dye, which is 2- and 4.5-times greater than that of the quadrupolar compound and reference [Ru(bpy)3 ]2+ emitter, respectively. Such an extensive study on these extended π-conjugated molecules presenting different core structures may guide the design and synthesis of new ECL dyes with a strong efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Voci
- Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR CNRS 5255, University of Bordeaux, 33607, Pessac, France
| | | | - Federico Polo
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30172, Venice, Italy
| | - Guillaume Clermont
- Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR CNRS 5255, University of Bordeaux, 33607, Pessac, France
| | - Jonathan Daniel
- Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR CNRS 5255, University of Bordeaux, 33607, Pessac, France
| | - Frédéric Castet
- Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR CNRS 5255, University of Bordeaux, 33607, Pessac, France
| | | | - Neso Sojic
- Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR CNRS 5255, University of Bordeaux, 33607, Pessac, France
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Jayakumar J, Chou H. Recent Advances in Visible‐Light‐Driven Hydrogen Evolution from Water using Polymer Photocatalysts. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201901725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jayachandran Jayakumar
- Department of Chemical EngineeringNational Tsing Hua University No. 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Road Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan
| | - Ho‐Hsiu Chou
- Department of Chemical EngineeringNational Tsing Hua University No. 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Road Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan
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Baumgärtner K, Rominger F, Mastalerz M. Gulf-Selective Postsynthetic Functionalization of a Soluble Hexabenzoovalene. Chemistry 2018; 24:8751-8755. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Baumgärtner
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Michael Mastalerz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
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8
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Menke EH, Leibold D, Berger FJ, Rominger F, Vaynzof Y, Mastalerz M. Triptycene-Bis(aroyleneimidazole)s as Non-Fullerene Acceptors: The Missing Links. Chempluschem 2017; 82:1390-1395. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201700428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 11/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth H. Menke
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - David Leibold
- Kirchhoff-Institut für Physik; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 227 69120 Heidelberg Germany
- Centre for Advanced Materials; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 225 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Felix J. Berger
- Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 294 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Yana Vaynzof
- Kirchhoff-Institut für Physik; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 227 69120 Heidelberg Germany
- Centre for Advanced Materials; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 225 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Michael Mastalerz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
- Centre for Advanced Materials; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 225 69120 Heidelberg Germany
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9
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Zhang G, Lan ZA, Wang X. Conjugated Polymers: Catalysts for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:15712-15727. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201607375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 556] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2016] [Revised: 08/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guigang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry; Fuzhou University; Fuzhou 350002 P.R. China
| | - Zhi-An Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry; Fuzhou University; Fuzhou 350002 P.R. China
| | - Xinchen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry; Fuzhou University; Fuzhou 350002 P.R. China
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10
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Zhang G, Lan ZA, Wang X. Konjugierte Polymere: Katalysatoren für die photokatalytische Wasserstoffentwicklung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201607375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guigang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry; Fuzhou University; Fuzhou 350002 V.R. China
| | - Zhi-An Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry; Fuzhou University; Fuzhou 350002 V.R. China
| | - Xinchen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry; Fuzhou University; Fuzhou 350002 V.R. China
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11
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Deol H, Pramanik S, Kumar M, Khan IA, Bhalla V. Supramolecular Ensemble of a TICT-AIEE Active Pyrazine Derivative and CuO NPs: A Potential Photocatalytic System for Sonogashira Couplings. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b00393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Harnimarta Deol
- Department of Chemistry,
UGC Sponsored Centre for Advanced Studies-II, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Subhamay Pramanik
- Department of Chemistry,
UGC Sponsored Centre for Advanced Studies-II, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Department of Chemistry,
UGC Sponsored Centre for Advanced Studies-II, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Imran A. Khan
- Department of Chemistry,
UGC Sponsored Centre for Advanced Studies-II, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Vandana Bhalla
- Department of Chemistry,
UGC Sponsored Centre for Advanced Studies-II, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
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