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Böhme MD, Eder T, Röthel MB, Dutschke PD, Wilm LFB, Hahn FE, Dielmann F. Synthesis of N-Heterocyclic Carbenes and Their Complexes by Chloronium Ion Abstraction from 2-Chloroazolium Salts Using Electron-Rich Phosphines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202202190. [PMID: 35230738 PMCID: PMC9401039 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202202190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
N‐Heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) are commonly prepared by deprotonation of azolium salts using strong anionic bases. This reaction is often unselective, yielding alkali metal NHC complexes or dimerized NHCs. Alternatively, free NHCs are obtained by the dechlorination of 2‐chloroazolium salts using electron‐rich phosphines. PPh3, PCy3, and PtBu3 are unsuitable for Cl+ abstraction, while the sterically encumbered tris(1,3‐tert‐butylimidazolidin‐2‐ylidenamino)phosphine 1 selectively removes Cl+ from 2‐chloroazolium salts. Since bulky 1 does not bind to metal complexes, it was used for the preparation of NHC complexes via in situ Cl+ abstraction from 2‐chloroazolium salts. The dechlorination was employed for the site‐selective monometallation with IrI, IrIII, RhI, RhIII, and RuII of a bis‐NHC precursor composed of a 2‐chlorobenzimidazolium and a 2‐chlorobenzimidazole group, followed by the preparation of the heterobimetallic IrIII/PdII complex [18](BF4)2 by a dechlorination/oxidative addition reaction sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias D Böhme
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 39, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Tobias Eder
- Institute of General and Theoretical Chemistry, Leopold-Franzens Universität Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Maike B Röthel
- Institute of General and Theoretical Chemistry, Leopold-Franzens Universität Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Patrick D Dutschke
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 39, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Lukas F B Wilm
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 39, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - F Ekkehardt Hahn
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 39, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Fabian Dielmann
- Institute of General and Theoretical Chemistry, Leopold-Franzens Universität Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
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2
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Böhme MD, Eder T, Röthel MB, Dutschke PD, Wilm LFB, Hahn FE, Dielmann F. Synthese
N
‐heterocyclischer Carbene und ihrer Komplexe durch Chloroniumionabstraktion von 2‐Chlorazoliumsalzen mit elektronenreichen Phosphanen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202202190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias D. Böhme
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 39 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Tobias Eder
- Institut für Allgemeine und Theoretische Chemie Leopold-Franzens Universität Innsbruck Innrain 80–82 6020 Innsbruck Österreich
| | - Maike B. Röthel
- Institut für Allgemeine und Theoretische Chemie Leopold-Franzens Universität Innsbruck Innrain 80–82 6020 Innsbruck Österreich
| | - Patrick D. Dutschke
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 39 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Lukas F. B. Wilm
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 39 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - F. Ekkehardt Hahn
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 39 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Fabian Dielmann
- Institut für Allgemeine und Theoretische Chemie Leopold-Franzens Universität Innsbruck Innrain 80–82 6020 Innsbruck Österreich
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3
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Hahn E, Rupp S, Dutschke PD, Kinas J, Hepp A. Synthesis and Metallation of Unsymmetric Tetrakisimidazolium Macrocycles. Eur J Inorg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202200216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ekkehardt Hahn
- Westfalische Wilhelms Universitat Munster Department of Chemistry Corrensstraße 30 48149 Münster GERMANY
| | - Stefan Rupp
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster: Westfalische Wilhelms-Universitat Munster Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Patrick D. Dutschke
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster: Westfalische Wilhelms-Universitat Munster Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Jenny Kinas
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster: Westfalische Wilhelms-Universitat Munster Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Alexander Hepp
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster: Westfalische Wilhelms-Universitat Munster Chemistry GERMANY
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Böhme MD, Wilm LFB, Hepp A, Hahn FE. Regioselective Double Oxidative Addition of Bis‐NHC Precursors. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias D. Böhme
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 30 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Lukas F. B. Wilm
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 30 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Alexander Hepp
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 30 48149 Münster Germany
| | - F. Ekkehardt Hahn
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 30 48149 Münster Germany
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5
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Yue C, Wang W, Li F. Building N-Heterocyclic Carbene into Triazine-Linked Polymer for Multiple CO 2 Utilization. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:5996-6004. [PMID: 32960512 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202002154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The development of new CO2 detection technologies and CO2 "capture-conversion" materials is of great significance due to the growing environmental crisis. Here, multifunctional triazine-linked polymers with built-in N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) sites (designated as NHC-triazine@polymer) are presented for simultaneous CO2 detection, capture, activation, and catalytic conversion. NHC-triazine@polymer were readily obtained through polymerization of cyanophenyl-substituted NHC. The obtained film-like polymers exhibited interesting CO2 -triggered fluorescence "turn-on" response and CO2 -sensitive reversible color change. Both NHC and triazine sites could act as efficient binding sites for CO2 , and the CO2 uptake of NHC and triazine reached 1.52 and 1.36 mmol g-1 , respectively. Notably, after being captured by NHC, CO2 was activated into a zwitterionic adduct NHC-CO2 that could be easily transformed into cyclic carbonate in the presence of epoxides. Moreover, NHC-triazine@polymer were stable and active catalysts for the conversion of low-concentration CO2 in a gas mixture (7 vol %) into cyclic carbonates as well as for hydrosilylation of CO2 to formamides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengtao Yue
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Suzhou Research Institute of LICP, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10049, P. R. China
| | - Wenlong Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, P. R. China
| | - Fuwei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Suzhou Research Institute of LICP, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
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Hsueh F, Tsai C, Lai C, Liu Y, Peng S, Chiu S. N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Copper(I) Rotaxanes Mediate Sequential Click Ligations with All Reagents Premixed. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202001398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fang‐Che Hsueh
- Department of Chemistry National Taiwan University No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road Taipei Taiwan
| | - Chi‐You Tsai
- Department of Chemistry National Taiwan University No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road Taipei Taiwan
| | - Chien‐Chen Lai
- Institute of Molecular Biology National Chung Hsing University and Department of Medical Genetics China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan
| | - Yi‐Hung Liu
- Department of Chemistry National Taiwan University No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road Taipei Taiwan
| | - Shie‐Ming Peng
- Department of Chemistry National Taiwan University No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road Taipei Taiwan
| | - Sheng‐Hsien Chiu
- Department of Chemistry National Taiwan University No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road Taipei Taiwan
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Hsueh FC, Tsai CY, Lai CC, Liu YH, Peng SM, Chiu SH. N-Heterocyclic Carbene Copper(I) Rotaxanes Mediate Sequential Click Ligations with All Reagents Premixed. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:11278-11282. [PMID: 32249512 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202001398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
We have prepared NHC-CuI complexes with a rotaxane structure and used them as sterically sensitive catalysts for one-pot sequential copper-catalyzed azide/alkyne cycloadditions in solutions containing all of the coupling partners premixed in unprotected form. Most notably, a photolabile and sterically encumbered complex first catalyzed the coupling of a less bulky azide/alkyne pair; after removing the protective macrocyclic component from the rotaxane structure, through irradiation with light, the exposed dumbbell-shaped NHC-CuI complex catalyzed the second click reaction of a bulkier azide/alkyne pair. Using this approach, we obtained predominantly, from a single sealed pot, a bis-triazole product (84 %) from a mixture of two sterically distinct azides and a diyne.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Che Hsueh
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-You Tsai
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chen Lai
- Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Hsing University and Department of Medical Genetics, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hung Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shie-Ming Peng
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Hsien Chiu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, Taiwan
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Hutchinson DJ, Hey‐Hawkins E. The Self‐Assembly of Ag
I
‐Containing Heterobimetallic Complexes with a Discriminatory N,P‐Based Heteroditopic Ligand. Eur J Inorg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201800810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel John Hutchinson
- Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy Institute of Chemistry Leipzig University 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Evamarie Hey‐Hawkins
- Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy Institute of Chemistry Leipzig University 04103 Leipzig Germany
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Zhang P, Yamamoto T, Suginome M. Helical Poly(quinoxaline‐2,3‐diyl)s Bearing 1,2,3‐Triazole Pendants: Synthesis by CuAAC and Use as Reusable Abnormal NHC Ligands in Gold Catalysis. ChemCatChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201801361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pinglu Zhang
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry Graduate School of EngineeringKyoto University Katsura 615-8510 Japan
| | - Takeshi Yamamoto
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry Graduate School of EngineeringKyoto University Katsura 615-8510 Japan
| | - Michinori Suginome
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry Graduate School of EngineeringKyoto University Katsura 615-8510 Japan
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10
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Lv H, Wang W, Li F. Porous Organic Polymers with Built-in N-Heterocyclic Carbenes: Selective and Efficient Heterogeneous Catalyst for the Reductive N-Formylation of Amines with CO 2. Chemistry 2018; 24:16588-16594. [PMID: 30136747 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201803364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A series of porous organic polymers (POPs) based on N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) building blocks has been prepared through an octacarbonyldicobalt complex [Co2 (CO)8 ]-catalyzed trimerization of terminal alkyne groups. By changing the monomer ratio in the copolymerization, cross-linked POPs with tunable surface areas of 485-731 m2 g-1 and pore volumes of 0.31-0.51 cm3 g-1 were easily prepared. Compared with the analogues homogeneous NHC (SIPr) catalysts, the POPs exhibited an enhanced catalytic activity and high selectivity in the reductive functionalization of CO2 with amines. The extraordinary performance of the sample could be attributed to the combination of the gas enrichment (or storage) effect, enhanced in-pore concentrations of other substrates, and advantageous micropore structures of the porous polymers. Meanwhile, these catalysts can easily be separated and recycled from the reaction systems with only a slight loss of activity. This excellent catalytic performance and facile recycling of heterogeneous catalysts make them very attractive. These NHC-containing POPs may provide a new platform for catalytic transformations of CO2 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Lv
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.18, Tianshui Middle Road, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Wenlong Wang
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, No.1, Daxue Rd. Songshan Lake, Dongguan, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Fuwei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.18, Tianshui Middle Road, Lanzhou, P.R. China
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11
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Bestgen S, Seidl C, Wiesner T, Zimmer A, Falk M, Köberle B, Austeri M, Paradies J, Bräse S, Schepers U, Roesky PW. Double-Strand DNA Breaks Induced by Paracyclophane Gold(I) Complexes. Chemistry 2017; 23:6315-6322. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201605237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Bestgen
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Engesserstraße 15 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Carmen Seidl
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Thomas Wiesner
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Andreas Zimmer
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Martina Falk
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Beate Köberle
- Institute of Applied Biosciences; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Adenauerring 20 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Martina Austeri
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Jan Paradies
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Paderborn University; Warburger Str. 100 33098 Paderborn Germany
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Ute Schepers
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Peter W. Roesky
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Engesserstraße 15 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
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Ito JI, Ubukata S, Muraoka S, Nishiyama H. Enantioselective Direct Alkynylation of Ketones Catalyzed by Chiral CCN Pincer RhIIIComplexes. Chemistry 2016; 22:16801-16804. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201603754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-ichi Ito
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Nagoya University, Chikusa; Nagoya 46408603 Japan
| | - Shino Ubukata
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Nagoya University, Chikusa; Nagoya 46408603 Japan
| | - Shun Muraoka
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Nagoya University, Chikusa; Nagoya 46408603 Japan
| | - Hisao Nishiyama
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Nagoya University, Chikusa; Nagoya 46408603 Japan
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