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Jelemenska I, Zalibera M, Rapta P, Dobrov AA, Arion VB, Bucinsky L. Isomerization pathway of a C-C sigma bond in a bis(octaazamacrocycle)dinickel(II) complex activated by deprotonation: a DFT study. Theor Chem Acc 2024; 143:26. [PMID: 38495857 PMCID: PMC10937780 DOI: 10.1007/s00214-024-03100-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
The anti (a) to syn (s) isomerization pathway of the deprotonated form of the dimer with two nickel(II) 15-membered octaazamacrocyclic units connected via a carbon-carbon (C-C) σ bond was investigated. For the initial anti (a) structure, a deprotonation of one of the bridging (sp3 hybridized) carbon atoms is suggested to allow for an a to s geometry twist. A 360° scan around the bridging C-C dihedral angle was performed first to find an intermediate geometry. Subsequently, the isomerization pathway was explored via individual steps using a series of mode redundant geometry optimizations (internal coordinates potential energy surface scans) and geometry relaxations leading to the s structure. The prominent geometries (intermediates) of the isomerization pathway are chosen and compared to the a and s structures, and geometry relaxations of the protonated forms of selected intermediates are considered. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00214-024-03100-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Jelemenska
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, 81237 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Michal Zalibera
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, 81237 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Peter Rapta
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, 81237 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Anatoly A. Dobrov
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Vladimir B. Arion
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Lukas Bucinsky
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, 81237 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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2
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Marotta A, Adams CE, Molloy JJ. The Impact of Boron Hybridisation on Photocatalytic Processes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202207067. [PMID: 35748797 PMCID: PMC9544826 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202207067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Recently the fruitful merger of organoboron chemistry and photocatalysis has come to the forefront of organic synthesis, resulting in the development of new technologies to access complex (non)borylated frameworks. Central to the success of this combination is control of boron hybridisation. Contingent on the photoactivation mode, boron as its neutral planar form or tetrahedral boronate can be used to regulate reactivity. This Minireview highlights the current state of the art in photocatalytic processes utilising organoboron compounds, paying particular attention to the role of boron hybridisation for the target transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Marotta
- Department of Biomolecular SystemsMax-Planck-Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Mühlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
| | - Callum E. Adams
- Department of Biomolecular SystemsMax-Planck-Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Mühlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
| | - John J. Molloy
- Department of Biomolecular SystemsMax-Planck-Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Mühlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
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3
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Marotta A, Adams CE, Molloy J. The Impact of Boron Hybridisation on Photocatalytic Processes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202207067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Marotta
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces: Max-Planck-Institut fur Kolloid und Grenzflachenforschung biomolecular systems GERMANY
| | - Callum E. Adams
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces: Max-Planck-Institut fur Kolloid und Grenzflachenforschung biomolecular systems department GERMANY
| | - John Molloy
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces: Max-Planck-Institut fur Kolloid und Grenzflachenforschung Biomolecular Sytems Am Mühlenberg 1 14476 Potsdam GERMANY
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4
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Pillitteri S, Ranjan P, Van der Eycken EV, Sharma UK. Uncovering the Potential of Boronic Acid and Derivatives as Radical Source in Photo(electro)chemical Reactions. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Serena Pillitteri
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC) Department of Chemistry University of Leuven (KU Leuven) Celestijnenlaan 200F B-3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Prabhat Ranjan
- Aachen Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials (AMIBM) Maastricht University Urmonderbaan 22 6167 RD Geleen The Netherlands
| | - Erik V. Van der Eycken
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC) Department of Chemistry University of Leuven (KU Leuven) Celestijnenlaan 200F B-3001 Leuven Belgium
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University) Miklukho-Maklaya street 6 RU-117198 Moscow Russia
| | - Upendra K. Sharma
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC) Department of Chemistry University of Leuven (KU Leuven) Celestijnenlaan 200F B-3001 Leuven Belgium
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5
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Wang H, Wu J, Noble A, Aggarwal VK. Selective Coupling of 1,2-Bis-Boronic Esters at the more Substituted Site through Visible-Light Activation of Electron Donor-Acceptor Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202202061. [PMID: 35213775 PMCID: PMC9314813 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202202061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
1,2‐Bis‐boronic esters are useful synthetic intermediates particularly as the two boronic esters can be selectively functionalized. Usually, the less hindered primary boronic ester reacts, but herein, we report a coupling reaction that enables the reversal of this selectivity. This is achieved through the formation of a boronate complex with an electron‐rich aryllithium which, in the presence of an electron‐deficient aryl nitrile, leads to the formation of an electron donor–acceptor complex. Following visible‐light photoinduced electron transfer, a primary radical is generated which isomerizes to the more stable secondary radical before radical‐radical coupling with the arene radical‐anion, giving β‐aryl primary boronic ester products. The reactions proceed under catalyst‐free conditions. This method also allows stereodivergent coupling of cyclic cis‐1,2‐bis‐boronic esters to provide trans‐substituted products, complementing the selectivity observed in the Suzuki–Miyaura reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Jingjing Wu
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK.,Current address: Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, No. 800, Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Adam Noble
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Varinder K Aggarwal
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
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6
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Wang H, Wu J, Noble A, Aggarwal VK. Selective Coupling of 1,2‐Bis‐Boronic Esters at the more. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202202061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Bristol University school of chemistry UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Jingjing Wu
- Bristol University school of chemistry UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Adam Noble
- Bristol University school of chemistry UNITED KINGDOM
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7
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Griffiths OM, Esteves HA, Chen Y, Sowa K, May OS, Morse P, Blakemore DC, Ley SV. Photoredox-Catalyzed Dehydrogenative Csp 3-Csp 2 Cross-Coupling of Alkylarenes to Aldehydes in Flow. J Org Chem 2021; 86:13559-13571. [PMID: 34524825 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Executing photoredox reactions in flow offers solutions to frequently encountered issues regarding reproducibility, reaction time, and scale-up. Here, we report the transfer of a photoredox-catalyzed benzylic coupling of alkylarenes to aldehydes to a flow chemistry setting leading to improvements in terms of higher concentration, shorter residence times, better yields, ease of catalyst preparation, and enhanced substrate scope. Its applicability has been demonstrated by a multi-gram-scale reaction using high-power light-emitting diodes (LEDs), late-stage functionalization of selected active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), and also a photocatalyst recycling method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver M Griffiths
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, CB2 1EW Cambridge, U.K
| | - Henrique A Esteves
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, CB2 1EW Cambridge, U.K
| | - Yiding Chen
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, CB2 1EW Cambridge, U.K
| | - Karin Sowa
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, CB2 1EW Cambridge, U.K.,Department of Chemistry, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Oliver S May
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, CB2 1EW Cambridge, U.K
| | - Peter Morse
- Medicine Design, Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - David C Blakemore
- Medicine Design, Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Steven V Ley
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, CB2 1EW Cambridge, U.K
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8
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Wu C, Bao Z, Dou B, Wang J. Generation of α-Boryl Radicals and Their Conjugate Addition to Enones: Transition-Metal-Free Alkylation of gem-Diborylalkanes. Chemistry 2021; 27:2294-2298. [PMID: 33064327 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A transition-metal-free method for the alkylation of gem-diborylalkanes with α,β-unsaturated ketones has been developed. It is demonstrated that the α-boryl radicals can be generated efficiently from gem-diborylalkanes with the aid of catechol and oxidants. The α-boryl radicals formed through such process can be engaged in conjugate addition reaction with α,β-unsaturated ketones. This transformation is a straightforward method for the synthesis of γ-borylketones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoqiang Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Zhicheng Bao
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Bowen Dou
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Jianbo Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
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9
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Leifert
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Armido Studer
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences 155 Yangqiao Road West Fuzhou Fujian 350002 P. R. China
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
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10
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Leifert D, Studer A. The Persistent Radical Effect in Organic Synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 59:74-108. [PMID: 31116479 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201903726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 378] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Radical-radical couplings are mostly nearly diffusion-controlled processes. Therefore, the selective cross-coupling of two different radicals is challenging and not a synthetically valuable transformation. However, if the radicals have different lifetimes and if they are generated at equal rates, cross-coupling will become the dominant process. This high cross-selectivity is based on a kinetic phenomenon called the persistent radical effect (PRE). In this Review, an explanation of the PRE supported by simulations of simple model systems is provided. Radical stabilities are discussed within the context of their lifetimes, and various examples of PRE-mediated radical-radical couplings in synthesis are summarized. It is shown that the PRE is not restricted to the coupling of a persistent with a transient radical. If one coupling partner is longer-lived than the other transient radical, the PRE operates and high cross-selectivity is achieved. This important point expands the scope of PRE-mediated radical chemistry. The Review is divided into two parts, namely 1) the coupling of persistent or longer-lived organic radicals and 2) "radical-metal crossover reactions"; here, metal-centered radical species and more generally longer-lived transition-metal complexes that are able to react with radicals are discussed-a field that has flourished recently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Leifert
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Armido Studer
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao Road West, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, P. R. China.,Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
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11
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Paladino M, Boghi M, Hall DG. Phenoxy-Dialkoxy Borates as a New Class of Readily Prepared Preactivated Reagents for Base-Free Cross-Coupling. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Paladino
- Department of Chemistry, 4-010 CCIS; University of Alberta; T6G 2G2 Edmonton Alberta Canada
| | - Michele Boghi
- Department of Chemistry, 4-010 CCIS; University of Alberta; T6G 2G2 Edmonton Alberta Canada
| | - Dennis G. Hall
- Department of Chemistry, 4-010 CCIS; University of Alberta; T6G 2G2 Edmonton Alberta Canada
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12
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Kim SD, Lee J, Kim N, Park BY. Visible‐Light‐Mediated Cross‐Couplings and C−H Activation via Dual Photoredox/Transition‐Metal Catalysis in Continuous‐Flow Processes. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201900354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Soo Dong Kim
- College of PharmacyKyung Hee University Seoul 02447 Korea
| | - Jonghyun Lee
- College of PharmacyKyung Hee University Seoul 02447 Korea
| | - Nam‐Jung Kim
- College of PharmacyKyung Hee University Seoul 02447 Korea
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13
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Clausen F, Kischkewitz M, Bergander K, Studer A. Catalytic protodeboronation of pinacol boronic esters: formal anti-Markovnikov hydromethylation of alkenes. Chem Sci 2019; 10:6210-6214. [PMID: 31360428 PMCID: PMC6585874 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc02067e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Pinacol boronic esters are highly valuable building blocks in organic synthesis. In contrast to the many protocols available on the functionalizing deboronation of alkyl boronic esters, protodeboronation is not well developed. Herein we report catalytic protodeboronation of 1°, 2° and 3° alkyl boronic esters utilizing a radical approach. Paired with a Matteson-CH2-homologation, our protocol allows for formal anti-Markovnikov alkene hydromethylation, a valuable but unknown transformation. The hydromethylation sequence was applied to methoxy protected (-)-Δ8-THC and cholesterol. The protodeboronation was further used in the formal total synthesis of δ-(R)-coniceine and indolizidine 209B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Clausen
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität , Corrensstraβe 40 , 48149 Münster , Germany .
| | - Marvin Kischkewitz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität , Corrensstraβe 40 , 48149 Münster , Germany .
| | - Klaus Bergander
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität , Corrensstraβe 40 , 48149 Münster , Germany .
| | - Armido Studer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität , Corrensstraβe 40 , 48149 Münster , Germany .
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14
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Milligan JA, Phelan JP, Badir SO, Molander GA. Alkyl Carbon-Carbon Bond Formation by Nickel/Photoredox Cross-Coupling. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:6152-6163. [PMID: 30291664 PMCID: PMC6551614 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201809431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 387] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The union of photoredox and nickel catalysis has resulted in a renaissance in radical chemistry as well as in the use of nickel-catalyzed transformations, specifically for carbon-carbon bond formation. Collectively, these advances address the longstanding challenge of late-stage cross-coupling of functionalized alkyl fragments. Empowered by the notion that photocatalytically generated alkyl radicals readily undergo capture by Ni complexes, wholly new feedstocks for cross-coupling have been realized. Herein, we highlight recent developments in several types of alkyl cross-couplings that are accessible exclusively through this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Milligan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, 231 S. 34th Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6323, USA
| | - James P Phelan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, 231 S. 34th Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6323, USA
| | - Shorouk O Badir
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, 231 S. 34th Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6323, USA
| | - Gary A Molander
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, 231 S. 34th Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6323, USA
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15
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Milligan JA, Phelan JP, Badir SO, Molander GA. Alkyl‐C‐C‐Bindungsbildung durch Nickel/Photoredox‐Kreuzkupplung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201809431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- John A. Milligan
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of PennsylvaniaRoy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories 231 S. 34th Street Philadelphia PA 19104-6323 USA
| | - James P. Phelan
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of PennsylvaniaRoy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories 231 S. 34th Street Philadelphia PA 19104-6323 USA
| | - Shorouk O. Badir
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of PennsylvaniaRoy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories 231 S. 34th Street Philadelphia PA 19104-6323 USA
| | - Gary A. Molander
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of PennsylvaniaRoy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories 231 S. 34th Street Philadelphia PA 19104-6323 USA
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16
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Shu C, Noble A, Aggarwal VK. Photoredox-Catalyzed Cyclobutane Synthesis by a Deboronative Radical Addition-Polar Cyclization Cascade. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:3870-3874. [PMID: 30681266 PMCID: PMC6492184 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201813917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Photoredox‐catalyzed methylcyclobutanations of alkylboronic esters are described. The reactions proceed through single‐electron transfer induced deboronative radical addition to an electron‐deficient alkene followed by single‐electron reduction and polar 4‐exo‐tet cyclization with a pendant alkyl halide. Key to the success of the methodology was the use of easily oxidizable arylboronate complexes. Structurally diverse cyclobutanes are shown to be conveniently prepared from readily available alkylboronic esters and a range of haloalkyl alkenes. The mild reactions display excellent functional group tolerance, and the radical addition‐polar cyclization cascade also enables the synthesis of 3‐, 5‐, 6‐, and 7‐membered rings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Shu
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Adam Noble
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Varinder K Aggarwal
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
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17
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Shu C, Noble A, Aggarwal VK. Photoredox‐Catalyzed Cyclobutane Synthesis by a Deboronative Radical Addition–Polar Cyclization Cascade. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201813917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Shu
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Bristol Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Adam Noble
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Bristol Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
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18
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Xue F, Wang F, Liu J, Di J, Liao Q, Lu H, Zhu M, He L, He H, Zhang D, Song H, Liu XY, Qin Y. A Desulfurative Strategy for the Generation of Alkyl Radicals Enabled by Visible-Light Photoredox Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:6667-6671. [PMID: 29671934 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201802710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we present a new desulfurative method for generating primary, secondary, and tertiary alkyl radicals through visible-light photoredox catalysis. A process that involves the generation of N-centered radicals from sulfinamide intermediates, followed by subsequent fragmentation, is critical to forming the corresponding alkyl radical species. This strategy has been successfully applied to conjugate addition reactions that features mild reaction conditions, broad substrate scope (>60 examples), and good functional-group tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xue
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems of the Ministry of Education, Sichuan Research Center of Precision Engineering Technology for Small Molecule Drugs, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Falu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems of the Ministry of Education, Sichuan Research Center of Precision Engineering Technology for Small Molecule Drugs, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Jiazhen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems of the Ministry of Education, Sichuan Research Center of Precision Engineering Technology for Small Molecule Drugs, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Jiamei Di
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems of the Ministry of Education, Sichuan Research Center of Precision Engineering Technology for Small Molecule Drugs, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Qi Liao
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems of the Ministry of Education, Sichuan Research Center of Precision Engineering Technology for Small Molecule Drugs, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Huifang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems of the Ministry of Education, Sichuan Research Center of Precision Engineering Technology for Small Molecule Drugs, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Min Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems of the Ministry of Education, Sichuan Research Center of Precision Engineering Technology for Small Molecule Drugs, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Liping He
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems of the Ministry of Education, Sichuan Research Center of Precision Engineering Technology for Small Molecule Drugs, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Huan He
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems of the Ministry of Education, Sichuan Research Center of Precision Engineering Technology for Small Molecule Drugs, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems of the Ministry of Education, Sichuan Research Center of Precision Engineering Technology for Small Molecule Drugs, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Hao Song
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems of the Ministry of Education, Sichuan Research Center of Precision Engineering Technology for Small Molecule Drugs, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Yu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems of the Ministry of Education, Sichuan Research Center of Precision Engineering Technology for Small Molecule Drugs, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Yong Qin
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems of the Ministry of Education, Sichuan Research Center of Precision Engineering Technology for Small Molecule Drugs, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
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19
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Xue F, Wang F, Liu J, Di J, Liao Q, Lu H, Zhu M, He L, He H, Zhang D, Song H, Liu X, Qin Y. A Desulfurative Strategy for the Generation of Alkyl Radicals Enabled by Visible‐Light Photoredox Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201802710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xue
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems of the Ministry of EducationSichuan Research Center of Precision Engineering Technology for Small Molecule DrugsWest China School of PharmacySichuan University Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| | - Falu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems of the Ministry of EducationSichuan Research Center of Precision Engineering Technology for Small Molecule DrugsWest China School of PharmacySichuan University Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| | - Jiazhen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems of the Ministry of EducationSichuan Research Center of Precision Engineering Technology for Small Molecule DrugsWest China School of PharmacySichuan University Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| | - Jiamei Di
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems of the Ministry of EducationSichuan Research Center of Precision Engineering Technology for Small Molecule DrugsWest China School of PharmacySichuan University Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| | - Qi Liao
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems of the Ministry of EducationSichuan Research Center of Precision Engineering Technology for Small Molecule DrugsWest China School of PharmacySichuan University Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| | - Huifang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems of the Ministry of EducationSichuan Research Center of Precision Engineering Technology for Small Molecule DrugsWest China School of PharmacySichuan University Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| | - Min Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems of the Ministry of EducationSichuan Research Center of Precision Engineering Technology for Small Molecule DrugsWest China School of PharmacySichuan University Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| | - Liping He
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems of the Ministry of EducationSichuan Research Center of Precision Engineering Technology for Small Molecule DrugsWest China School of PharmacySichuan University Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| | - Huan He
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems of the Ministry of EducationSichuan Research Center of Precision Engineering Technology for Small Molecule DrugsWest China School of PharmacySichuan University Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems of the Ministry of EducationSichuan Research Center of Precision Engineering Technology for Small Molecule DrugsWest China School of PharmacySichuan University Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| | - Hao Song
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems of the Ministry of EducationSichuan Research Center of Precision Engineering Technology for Small Molecule DrugsWest China School of PharmacySichuan University Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| | - Xiao‐Yu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems of the Ministry of EducationSichuan Research Center of Precision Engineering Technology for Small Molecule DrugsWest China School of PharmacySichuan University Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| | - Yong Qin
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems of the Ministry of EducationSichuan Research Center of Precision Engineering Technology for Small Molecule DrugsWest China School of PharmacySichuan University Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
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20
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Abdiaj I, Fontana A, Gomez MV, de la Hoz A, Alcázar J. Visible‐Light‐Induced Nickel‐Catalyzed Negishi Cross‐Couplings by Exogenous‐Photosensitizer‐Free Photocatalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201802656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Irini Abdiaj
- Oncology & Discovery Chemistry Janssen Research and Development Janssen-Cilag, S.A. Jarama 75A 45007 Toledo Spain
| | - Alberto Fontana
- Oncology & Discovery Chemistry Janssen Research and Development Janssen-Cilag, S.A. Jarama 75A 45007 Toledo Spain
| | - M. Victoria Gomez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha Av. Camilo José Cela 14 13005 Ciudad Real Spain
| | - Antonio de la Hoz
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha Av. Camilo José Cela 14 13005 Ciudad Real Spain
| | - Jesús Alcázar
- Oncology & Discovery Chemistry Janssen Research and Development Janssen-Cilag, S.A. Jarama 75A 45007 Toledo Spain
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21
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Abdiaj I, Fontana A, Gomez MV, de la Hoz A, Alcázar J. Visible-Light-Induced Nickel-Catalyzed Negishi Cross-Couplings by Exogenous-Photosensitizer-Free Photocatalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:8473-8477. [PMID: 29566297 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201802656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The merging of photoredox and transition-metal catalysis has become one of the most attractive approaches for carbon-carbon bond formation. Such reactions require the use of two organo-transition-metal species, one of which acts as a photosensitizer and the other one as a cross-coupling catalyst. We report herein an exogenous-photosensitizer-free photocatalytic process for the formation of carbon-carbon bonds by direct acceleration of the well-known nickel-catalyzed Negishi cross-coupling that is based on the use of two naturally abundant metals. This finding will open new avenues in cross-coupling chemistry that involve the direct visible-light absorption of organometallic catalytic complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irini Abdiaj
- Oncology & Discovery Chemistry, Janssen Research and Development, Janssen-Cilag, S.A., Jarama 75A, 45007, Toledo, Spain
| | - Alberto Fontana
- Oncology & Discovery Chemistry, Janssen Research and Development, Janssen-Cilag, S.A., Jarama 75A, 45007, Toledo, Spain
| | - M Victoria Gomez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Av. Camilo José Cela 14, 13005, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Antonio de la Hoz
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Av. Camilo José Cela 14, 13005, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Jesús Alcázar
- Oncology & Discovery Chemistry, Janssen Research and Development, Janssen-Cilag, S.A., Jarama 75A, 45007, Toledo, Spain
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22
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Greb A, Poh J, Greed S, Battilocchio C, Pasau P, Blakemore DC, Ley SV. A Versatile Route to Unstable Diazo Compounds via Oxadiazolines and their Use in Aryl-Alkyl Cross-Coupling Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:16602-16605. [PMID: 29088512 PMCID: PMC5814725 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201710445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Coupling of readily available boronic acids and diazo compounds has emerged recently as a powerful metal-free carbon-carbon bond forming method. However, the difficulty in forming the unstable diazo compound partner in a mild fashion has hitherto limited their general use and the scope of the transformation. Here, we report the application of oxadiazolines as precursors for the generation of an unstable family of diazo compounds using flow UV photolysis and their first use in divergent protodeboronative and oxidative C(sp2 )-C(sp3 ) cross-coupling processes, with excellent functional-group tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Greb
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeLensfield RoadCambridgeCB2 1EWUK
| | - Jian‐Siang Poh
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeLensfield RoadCambridgeCB2 1EWUK
| | - Stephanie Greed
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeLensfield RoadCambridgeCB2 1EWUK
| | | | - Patrick Pasau
- UCB Biopharma SPRLChemical Research R5Chemin du Foriest, 1420Braine-L'AlleudBelgium
| | | | - Steven V. Ley
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeLensfield RoadCambridgeCB2 1EWUK
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23
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Greb A, Poh JS, Greed S, Battilocchio C, Pasau P, Blakemore DC, Ley SV. A Versatile Route to Unstable Diazo Compounds via Oxadiazolines and their Use in Aryl-Alkyl Cross-Coupling Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201710445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Greb
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Jian-Siang Poh
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Stephanie Greed
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Claudio Battilocchio
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Patrick Pasau
- UCB Biopharma SPRL; Chemical Research R5; Chemin du Foriest, 1420 Braine-L'Alleud Belgium
| | | | - Steven V. Ley
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
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24
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Lima F, Sharma UK, Grunenberg L, Saha D, Johannsen S, Sedelmeier J, Van der Eycken EV, Ley SV. A Lewis Base Catalysis Approach for the Photoredox Activation of Boronic Acids and Esters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:15136-15140. [PMID: 29024307 PMCID: PMC5708277 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201709690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We report herein the use of a dual catalytic system comprising a Lewis base catalyst such as quinuclidin-3-ol or 4-dimethylaminopyridine and a photoredox catalyst to generate carbon radicals from either boronic acids or esters. This system enabled a wide range of alkyl boronic esters and aryl or alkyl boronic acids to react with electron-deficient olefins via radical addition to efficiently form C-C coupled products in a redox-neutral fashion. The Lewis base catalyst was shown to form a redox-active complex with either the boronic esters or the trimeric form of the boronic acids (boroxines) in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Lima
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeLensfield RoadCambridgeCB2 1EWUK
| | - Upendra K. Sharma
- Laboratory for Organic and Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC)Department of ChemistryUniversity of Leuven (KU Leuven)Celestijnenlaan 200F3001LeuvenBelgium
| | - Lars Grunenberg
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeLensfield RoadCambridgeCB2 1EWUK
| | - Debasmita Saha
- Laboratory for Organic and Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC)Department of ChemistryUniversity of Leuven (KU Leuven)Celestijnenlaan 200F3001LeuvenBelgium
| | - Sandra Johannsen
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeLensfield RoadCambridgeCB2 1EWUK
| | | | - Erik V. Van der Eycken
- Laboratory for Organic and Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC)Department of ChemistryUniversity of Leuven (KU Leuven)Celestijnenlaan 200F3001LeuvenBelgium
- Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University)Miklukho-Maklaya street 6117198MoscowRussia
| | - Steven V. Ley
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeLensfield RoadCambridgeCB2 1EWUK
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25
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Lima F, Sharma UK, Grunenberg L, Saha D, Johannsen S, Sedelmeier J, Van der Eycken EV, Ley SV. A Lewis Base Catalysis Approach for the Photoredox Activation of Boronic Acids and Esters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201709690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Lima
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Upendra K. Sharma
- Laboratory for Organic and Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC); Department of Chemistry; University of Leuven (KU Leuven); Celestijnenlaan 200F 3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Lars Grunenberg
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Debasmita Saha
- Laboratory for Organic and Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC); Department of Chemistry; University of Leuven (KU Leuven); Celestijnenlaan 200F 3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Sandra Johannsen
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | | | - Erik V. Van der Eycken
- Laboratory for Organic and Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC); Department of Chemistry; University of Leuven (KU Leuven); Celestijnenlaan 200F 3001 Leuven Belgium
- Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University); Miklukho-Maklaya street 6 117198 Moscow Russia
| | - Steven V. Ley
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
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26
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Gui YY, Wang ZX, Zhou WJ, Liao LL, Song L, Yin ZB, Li J, Yu DG. Arylation of Aniline C(sp3
)−H Bonds with Phenols via an In Situ Activation Strategy. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201700450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Yuan Gui
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry&Technology of Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Sichuan University; 29 Wangjiang Road Chengdu 610064 P. R. China
| | - Zi-Xiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry&Technology of Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Sichuan University; 29 Wangjiang Road Chengdu 610064 P. R. China
| | - Wen-Jun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry&Technology of Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Sichuan University; 29 Wangjiang Road Chengdu 610064 P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Neijiang Normal University; Neijiang 641112 P. R. China
| | - Li-Li Liao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry&Technology of Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Sichuan University; 29 Wangjiang Road Chengdu 610064 P. R. China
| | - Lei Song
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry&Technology of Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Sichuan University; 29 Wangjiang Road Chengdu 610064 P. R. China
| | - Zhu-Bao Yin
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry&Technology of Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Sichuan University; 29 Wangjiang Road Chengdu 610064 P. R. China
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry&Technology of Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Sichuan University; 29 Wangjiang Road Chengdu 610064 P. R. China
| | - Da-Gang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry&Technology of Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Sichuan University; 29 Wangjiang Road Chengdu 610064 P. R. China
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27
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Kanishchev OS, Dolbier WR. Ni/Ir-Catalyzed Photoredox Decarboxylative Coupling of S-Substituted Thiolactic Acids with Heteroaryl Bromides: Short Synthesis of Sulfoxaflor and Its SF5
Analog. Chemistry 2017; 23:7677-7681. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201701627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandr S. Kanishchev
- Department of Chemistry, PO Box 117200; University of Florida; Gainesville FL 32611-7200 USA
| | - William R. Dolbier
- Department of Chemistry, PO Box 117200; University of Florida; Gainesville FL 32611-7200 USA
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28
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Lévêque C, Corcé V, Chenneberg L, Ollivier C, Fensterbank L. Photoredox/Nickel Dual Catalysis for the C(sp3
)-C(sp3
) Cross-Coupling of Alkylsilicates with Alkyl Halides. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201601571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Lévêque
- UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS; Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR 8232; Sorbonne Universités; 4 place Jussieu 75005 Paris France
| | - Vincent Corcé
- UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS; Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR 8232; Sorbonne Universités; 4 place Jussieu 75005 Paris France
| | - Ludwig Chenneberg
- UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS; Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR 8232; Sorbonne Universités; 4 place Jussieu 75005 Paris France
| | - Cyril Ollivier
- UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS; Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR 8232; Sorbonne Universités; 4 place Jussieu 75005 Paris France
| | - Louis Fensterbank
- UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS; Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR 8232; Sorbonne Universités; 4 place Jussieu 75005 Paris France
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