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Yuan B, Tang SY, Zhou S. Size Effects in Gas-phase C-H Activation. Chemphyschem 2023; 24:e202200769. [PMID: 36420565 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202200769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The gas-phase clusters reaction permits addressing fundamental aspects of the challenges related to C-H activation. The size effect plays a key role in the activation processes as it may substantially affect both the reactivity and selectivity. In this paper, we reviewed the size effect related to the hydrocarbon oxidation by early transition metal oxides and main group metal oxides, methane activation mediated by late transition metals. Based on mass-spectrometry experiments in conjunction with quantum chemical calculations, mechanistic discussions were reviewed to present how and why the size greatly regulates the reactivity and product distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowei Yuan
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, Zhejiang University, 310027, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,Institute of Zhejiang University - Quzhou, Zheda Rd. #99, 324000, Quzhou, P.R. China
| | - Shi-Ya Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Safety and Control for Chemicals, SINOPEC Research Institute of Safety Engineering Co., Ltd., Qingdao, 266000, P. R. China
| | - Shaodong Zhou
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, Zhejiang University, 310027, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,Institute of Zhejiang University - Quzhou, Zheda Rd. #99, 324000, Quzhou, P.R. China
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2
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Yuan B, Tang S, Zhou S. Striking Size and Doping Effects of Ti−Si−O Clusters on Methane Conversion Reactions. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201136. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bowei Yuan
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology Zhejiang University 310027 Hangzhou (P. R. China) Institute of Zhejiang University - Quzhou 78 Jiuhua Boulevard North 324000 Quzhou P. R. China
| | - Shi‐Ya Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Safety and Control for Chemicals SINOPEC Research Institute of Safety Engineering Co. Ltd. Qingdao 266000 (P. R. China
| | - Shaodong Zhou
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology Zhejiang University 310027 Hangzhou (P. R. China) Institute of Zhejiang University - Quzhou 78 Jiuhua Boulevard North 324000 Quzhou P. R. China
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3
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Li YK, Müller F, Schöllkopf W, Asmis KR, Sauer J. Gas-Phase Mechanism of O .- /Ni 2+ -Mediated Methane Conversion to Formaldehyde. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202202297. [PMID: 35460320 PMCID: PMC9400983 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202202297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The gas-phase reaction of NiAl2 O4 + with CH4 is studied by mass spectrometry in combination with vibrational action spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT). Two product ions, NiAl2 O4 H+ and NiAl2 O3 H2 + , are identified in the mass spectra. The DFT calculations predict that the global minimum-energy isomer of NiAl2 O4 + contains Ni in the +II oxidation state and features a terminal Al-O.- oxygen radical site. They show that methane can react along two competing pathways leading to formation of either a methyl radical (CH3 ⋅) or formaldehyde (CH2 O). Both reactions are initiated by hydrogen atom transfer from methane to the terminal O.- site, followed by either CH3 ⋅ loss or CH3 ⋅ migration to an O2- site next to the Ni2+ center. The CH3 ⋅ attaches as CH3 + to O2- and its unpaired electron is transferred to the Ni-center reducing it to Ni+ . The proposed mechanism is experimentally confirmed by vibrational spectroscopy of the reactant and two different product ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ke Li
- Wilhelm-Ostwald Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Linnéstr. 2, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.,Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Present address: Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Fabian Müller
- Wilhelm-Ostwald Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Linnéstr. 2, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.,Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Institut für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Unter den Linden 6, 10099, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wieland Schöllkopf
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Knut R Asmis
- Wilhelm-Ostwald Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Linnéstr. 2, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Joachim Sauer
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Unter den Linden 6, 10099, Berlin, Germany
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4
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Li Y, Müller F, Schöllkopf W, Asmis KR, Sauer J. Gas‐Phase Mechanism of O
.−
/Ni
2+
‐Mediated Methane Conversion to Formaldehyde. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202202297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ya‐Ke Li
- Wilhelm-Ostwald Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie Universität Leipzig Linnéstr. 2 04103 Leipzig Germany
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Faradayweg 4–6 14195 Berlin Germany
- Present address: Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 China
| | - Fabian Müller
- Wilhelm-Ostwald Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie Universität Leipzig Linnéstr. 2 04103 Leipzig Germany
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Faradayweg 4–6 14195 Berlin Germany
- Institut für Chemie Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Unter den Linden 6 10099 Berlin Germany
| | - Wieland Schöllkopf
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Faradayweg 4–6 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Knut R. Asmis
- Wilhelm-Ostwald Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie Universität Leipzig Linnéstr. 2 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Joachim Sauer
- Institut für Chemie Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Unter den Linden 6 10099 Berlin Germany
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Zhou S, Sun X, Yue L, Schlangen M, Schwarz H. Selective C-O Coupling Hidden in the Thermal Reaction of [Al 2 CuO 5 ] + with Methane. Chemistry 2018; 24:14649-14653. [PMID: 30091489 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The thermal gas-phase reaction of [Al2 CuO5 ]+ with methane has been explored by using FT-ICR mass spectrometry complemented by high-level quantum chemical calculations. The generation of atomic [Cu]+ from the [Al2 CuO5 ]+ /CH4 couple corresponds to the only reaction channel. Labeling experiments and computational studies strongly suggest that methane activation is indeed involved in the production of [Cu]+ , and generation of CH2 O prevails. Mechanistic aspects and the associated doping effects are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaodong Zhou
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of, Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 310027, Hangzhou, P.R. China.,Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Xiaoyan Sun
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lei Yue
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maria Schlangen
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Helmut Schwarz
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany
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Zhou S, Firouzbakht M, Schlangen M, Kaupp M, Schwarz H. On the Electronic Origin of Remarkable Ligand Effects on the Reactivities of [NiL] + Complexes (L=C 6 H 5 , C 5 H 4 N, CN) towards Methane. Chemistry 2017; 23:14430-14433. [PMID: 28865112 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The gas-phase reactions of [NiL]+ (L=C6 H5 , C5 H4 N, CN) with methane have been explored by using electrospray-ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) complemented by quantum chemical calculations. Though the phenyl Ni complex [Ni(C6 H5 )]+ exclusively abstracts one hydrogen atom from methane at ambient conditions, the cyano Ni complex [Ni(CN)]+ brings about both H-atom abstraction and ligand exchange to generate [Ni(CH3 )]+ . In contrast, the complex 2-pyridinyl Ni [Ni(C5 H4 N)]+ is inert towards this substrate. The presence of the empty 4s(Ni) orbital dominates the proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) processes for the investigated systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaodong Zhou
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Marjan Firouzbakht
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maria Schlangen
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Kaupp
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Helmut Schwarz
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany
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