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Aleku GA, Roberts GW, Titchiner GR, Leys D. Synthetic Enzyme-Catalyzed CO 2 Fixation Reactions. CHEMSUSCHEM 2021; 14:1781-1804. [PMID: 33631048 PMCID: PMC8252502 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202100159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, (de)carboxylases that catalyze reversible (de)carboxylation have been targeted for application as carboxylation catalysts. This has led to the development of proof-of-concept (bio)synthetic CO2 fixation routes for chemical production. However, further progress towards industrial application has been hampered by the thermodynamic constraint that accompanies fixing CO2 to organic molecules. In this Review, biocatalytic carboxylation methods are discussed with emphases on the diverse strategies devised to alleviate the inherent thermodynamic constraints and their application in synthetic CO2 -fixation cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Godwin A. Aleku
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of Cambridge80 Tennis Court RoadCambridgeCB2 1GAUK
| | - George W. Roberts
- Manchester Institute of BiotechnologyDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Manchester131 Princess StreetManchesterM1 7DNUK
| | - Gabriel R. Titchiner
- Manchester Institute of BiotechnologyDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Manchester131 Princess StreetManchesterM1 7DNUK
| | - David Leys
- Manchester Institute of BiotechnologyDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Manchester131 Princess StreetManchesterM1 7DNUK
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Hofer G, Sheng X, Braeuer S, Payer SE, Plasch K, Goessler W, Faber K, Keller W, Himo F, Glueck SM. Metal Ion Promiscuity and Structure of 2,3-Dihydroxybenzoic Acid Decarboxylase of Aspergillus oryzae. Chembiochem 2021; 22:652-656. [PMID: 33090643 PMCID: PMC7894528 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Broad substrate tolerance and excellent regioselectivity, as well as independence from sensitive cofactors have established benzoic acid decarboxylases from microbial sources as efficient biocatalysts. Robustness under process conditions makes them particularly attractive for preparative-scale applications. The divalent metal-dependent enzymes are capable of catalyzing the reversible non-oxidative (de)carboxylation of a variety of electron-rich (hetero)aromatic substrates analogously to the chemical Kolbe-Schmitt reaction. Elemental mass spectrometry supported by crystal structure elucidation and quantum chemical calculations verified the presence of a catalytically relevant Mg2+ complexed in the active site of 2,3-dihydroxybenoic acid decarboxylase from Aspergillus oryzae (2,3-DHBD_Ao). This unique example with respect to the nature of the metal is in contrast to mechanistically related decarboxylases, which generally have Zn2+ or Mn2+ as the catalytically active metal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Hofer
- Institute of Molecular BiosciencesBioTechMed GrazUniversity of Graz8010GrazAustria
| | - Xiang Sheng
- Department of Organic ChemistryArrhenius LaboratoryStockholm University10691StockholmSweden
| | - Simone Braeuer
- Department of Chemistry, Analytical ChemistryUniversity of Graz8010GrazAustria
| | - Stefan E. Payer
- Department of Chemistry, Organic & Bioorganic ChemistryUniversity of Graz8010GrazAustria
| | - Katharina Plasch
- Department of Chemistry, Organic & Bioorganic ChemistryUniversity of Graz8010GrazAustria
| | - Walter Goessler
- Department of Chemistry, Analytical ChemistryUniversity of Graz8010GrazAustria
| | - Kurt Faber
- Department of Chemistry, Organic & Bioorganic ChemistryUniversity of Graz8010GrazAustria
| | - Walter Keller
- Institute of Molecular BiosciencesBioTechMed GrazUniversity of Graz8010GrazAustria
| | - Fahmi Himo
- Department of Organic ChemistryArrhenius LaboratoryStockholm University10691StockholmSweden
| | - Silvia M. Glueck
- Department of Chemistry, Organic & Bioorganic ChemistryUniversity of Graz8010GrazAustria
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Drault F, Snoussi Y, Paul S, Itabaiana I, Wojcieszak R. Recent Advances in Carboxylation of Furoic Acid into 2,5-Furandicarboxylic Acid: Pathways towards Bio-Based Polymers. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:5164-5172. [PMID: 32725856 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202001393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) is one of the most important bio-sourced building blocks and several routes have been reported for its synthesis. FDCA is presumed to be an ideal green alternative to terephthalate, which is one of the predominant monomers in polymer industry. This Minireview concerns the synthesis of FDCA by using various carboxylation reactions and discusses the synthesis of FDCA starting from furoic acid and CO2 and using different catalytic and stoichiometric processes. This process is of high interest, as it avoids the glucose isomerization step and selectivity issues observed during the 5-hydroxymethylfurfural oxidation step of the current alternative route to FDCA. Discussion focuses on the main parameters that govern selectivity and activity in the carboxylation processes. Moreover, various previously described processes, such as the Henkel reaction and enzymatic, homogeneous catalytic, and photoelectrocatalytic processes, are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Drault
- UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Youssef Snoussi
- UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Sébastien Paul
- UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Ivaldo Itabaiana
- UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, F-59000, Lille, France
- Department of Biochemical Engineering School of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941910, Rio de Janeiro, (Brazil)
| | - Robert Wojcieszak
- UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, F-59000, Lille, France
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Payer SE, Faber K, Glueck SM. Non-Oxidative Enzymatic (De)Carboxylation of (Hetero)Aromatics and Acrylic Acid Derivatives. Adv Synth Catal 2019; 361:2402-2420. [PMID: 31379472 PMCID: PMC6644310 DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201900275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The utilization of carbon dioxide as a C1-building block for the production of valuable chemicals has recently attracted much interest. Whereas chemical CO2 fixation is dominated by C-O and C-N bond forming reactions, the development of novel concepts for the carboxylation of C-nucleophiles, which leads to the formation of carboxylic acids, is highly desired. Beside transition metal catalysis, biocatalysis has emerged as an attractive method for the highly regioselective (de)carboxylation of electron-rich (hetero)aromatics, which has been recently further expanded to include conjugated α,β-unsaturated (acrylic) acid derivatives. Depending on the type of substrate, different classes of enzymes have been explored for (i) the ortho-carboxylation of phenols catalyzed by metal-dependent ortho-benzoic acid decarboxylases and (ii) the side-chain carboxylation of para-hydroxystyrenes mediated by metal-independent phenolic acid decarboxylases. Just recently, the portfolio of bio-carboxylation reactions was complemented by (iii) the para-carboxylation of phenols and the decarboxylation of electron-rich heterocyclic and acrylic acid derivatives mediated by prenylated FMN-dependent decarboxylases, which is the main focus of this review. Bio(de)carboxylation processes proceed under physiological reaction conditions employing bicarbonate or (pressurized) CO2 when running in the energetically uphill carboxylation direction. Aiming to facilitate the application of these enzymes in preparative-scale biotransformations, their catalytic mechanism and substrate scope are analyzed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan E. Payer
- Institute of ChemistryUniversity of GrazHeinrichstrasse 288010GrazAustria
| | - Kurt Faber
- Institute of ChemistryUniversity of GrazHeinrichstrasse 288010GrazAustria
| | - Silvia M. Glueck
- Institute of ChemistryUniversity of GrazHeinrichstrasse 288010GrazAustria
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Aleku GA, Prause C, Bradshaw‐Allen RT, Plasch K, Glueck SM, Bailey SS, Payne KAP, Parker DA, Faber K, Leys D. Terminal Alkenes from Acrylic Acid Derivatives via Non-Oxidative Enzymatic Decarboxylation by Ferulic Acid Decarboxylases. ChemCatChem 2018; 10:3736-3745. [PMID: 30333895 PMCID: PMC6175315 DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201800643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Fungal ferulic acid decarboxylases (FDCs) belong to the UbiD-family of enzymes and catalyse the reversible (de)carboxylation of cinnamic acid derivatives through the use of a prenylated flavin cofactor. The latter is synthesised by the flavin prenyltransferase UbiX. Herein, we demonstrate the applicability of FDC/UbiX expressing cells for both isolated enzyme and whole-cell biocatalysis. FDCs exhibit high activity with total turnover numbers (TTN) of up to 55000 and turnover frequency (TOF) of up to 370 min-1. Co-solvent compatibility studies revealed FDC's tolerance to some organic solvents up 20 % v/v. Using the in-vitro (de)carboxylase activity of holo-FDC as well as whole-cell biocatalysts, we performed a substrate profiling study of three FDCs, providing insights into structural determinants of activity. FDCs display broad substrate tolerance towards a wide range of acrylic acid derivatives bearing (hetero)cyclic or olefinic substituents at C3 affording conversions of up to >99 %. The synthetic utility of FDCs was demonstrated by a preparative-scale decarboxylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Godwin A. Aleku
- Manchester Institute of BiotechnologySchool of ChemistryUniversity of Manchester131 Princess StreetManchesterM1 7DNUnited Kingdom
| | - Christoph Prause
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of GrazHeinrichstrasse 288010GrazAustria).
| | - Ruth T. Bradshaw‐Allen
- Manchester Institute of BiotechnologySchool of ChemistryUniversity of Manchester131 Princess StreetManchesterM1 7DNUnited Kingdom
| | - Katharina Plasch
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of GrazHeinrichstrasse 288010GrazAustria).
| | - Silvia M. Glueck
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (ACIB)8010GrazAustria) c/o
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of GrazHeinrichstrasse 288010GrazAustria).
| | - Samuel S. Bailey
- Manchester Institute of BiotechnologySchool of ChemistryUniversity of Manchester131 Princess StreetManchesterM1 7DNUnited Kingdom
| | - Karl A. P. Payne
- Manchester Institute of BiotechnologySchool of ChemistryUniversity of Manchester131 Princess StreetManchesterM1 7DNUnited Kingdom
| | - David A. Parker
- Innovation/BiodomainShell International Exploration and Production Inc.Westhollow Technology CenterHoustonUSA
| | - Kurt Faber
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of GrazHeinrichstrasse 288010GrazAustria).
| | - David Leys
- Manchester Institute of BiotechnologySchool of ChemistryUniversity of Manchester131 Princess StreetManchesterM1 7DNUnited Kingdom
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